scholarly journals Impact of Age and Physical Activity on Postprandial Metabolic Responses (OR22-07-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Koemel ◽  
Christina Sciarillo ◽  
Patrick Tomko ◽  
Katherine Bode ◽  
Nathaniel Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Metabolic Outcomes ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Large metabolic responses to high-fat meals (HFM) are known to create a deleterious physiological state. However, there is limited research describing the differential influences of age and physical activity level on meal metabolism, specifically in healthy older individuals. The goal of this project is to quantify the impact of age and physical activity on metabolic outcomes immediately following meal consumption in healthy men and women. Methods We recruited 4 groups of individuals: younger active (YA; age 22.3 ± 1.5 y; n = 7), younger inactive (YI; age 22.6 ± 4.0 y; n = 7), older active (OA; age 70.5 ± 7.8 y; n = 6), and older inactive (OI; age 69.6 ± 7.6 y; n = 5). Following a 10-hour overnight fast, an intravenous catheter was inserted into a forearm vein from which a fasting blood draw was taken. Participants then consumed a HFM (12 kcal/kg; 63% fat, 34% carbohydrate). Serial blood draws were conducted hourly for 6 hours to measure postprandial triglyceride (TG) and glucose (GLU) responses. Prior to the HFM, participants refrained from exercise for 48 hours to remove the confounding effects of recent acute exercise. One-way or two-way ANOVA was used, as appropriate, to compare groups with regard to postprandial metabolic outcomes. Results Groups were similar with regard to fasting GLU (P = 0.77) and TG (P = 0.06). There was a time effect for both GLU and TG in the postprandial period (P < 0.0001). A group effect was present for TG (P = 0.048), but not GLU (P = 0.07). There were no significant group differences in TG in post hoc comparisons (YA vs. YI, P = 0.41; YA vs. OA, P > 0.99; YA vs. OI, P = 0.08; YI vs. OA, P = 0.42; YI vs. OI, P = 0.67; OA vs. OI, P = 0.08). Total area under the curve (AUC) for TG was significantly different across groups (P = 0.0498; YA = 618.8 ± 103.1 mg/dL x 6 hr, YI = 836.4 ± 402.6, OA = 609.0 ± 234.6, OI = 993.4 ± 80.9), but incremental AUC was not different (P = 0.18). Groups did not differ with regard to GLU total (P = 0.07) or incremental AUC (P = 0.26). Peak TG (P = 0.38) and GLU (P = 0.18) responses did not differ across groups. Conclusions In this ongoing experiment, we are observing group differences in postprandial TG based on age and physical activity level. When complete, this study will highlight the independent effects of aging and physical activity on postprandial metabolic responses, which are integral components in CVD risk. Funding Sources Oklahoma State University.

Effects of Sex and Physical Activity Level on Serum Biomarker-Based Physiological Dysregulation: The Impact to Predict Frailty and Mortality in the Quebec NuAge Cohort

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ghachem ◽  
Frédérik Dufour ◽  
Tamas Fülöp ◽  
Pierrette Gaudreau ◽  
Alan A. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Physiological Dysregulation ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Age-related changes in biological processes such as physiological dysregulation (the progressive loss of homeostatic capacity) vary considerably among older adults and may influence health profiles in late life. These differences could be related, at least in part, to the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as sex and physical activity level (PAL). <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the magnitude and rate of changes in physiologi­cal dysregulation in men and women according to PAL and (2) to determine whether/how sex and PAL mediate the apparent influence of physiological dysregulation on health outcomes (frailty and mortality). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used data on 1,754 community-dwelling older adults (age = 74.4 ± 4.2 years; women = 52.4%) of the Quebec NuAge cohort study. Physiological dysregulation was calculated based on Mahalanobis distance of 31 biomarkers regrouped into 5 systems: oxygen transport, liver/kidney function, leukopoiesis, micronutrients, and lipids. <b><i>Results:</i></b> As expected, mean physiological dysregulation significantly increased with age while PAL decreased. For the same age and PAL, men showed higher levels of physiological dysregulation globally in 3 systems: oxygen transport, liver/kidney function, and leukopoiesis. Men also showed faster global physiological dysregulation in the liver/kidney and leukopoiesis systems. Overall, high PAL was associated with lower level and slower rate of change of physiological dysregulation. Finally, while mortality and frailty risk significantly increased with physiological dysregulation, there was no evidence for differences in these effects between sexes and PAL. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results showed that both sex and PAL have a significant effect on physiological dysregulation levels and rates of change. Also, although a higher PAL was associated with lower level and slower rate of change of physiological dysregulation, there was no evidence that PAL attenuates the effect of physiological dysregulation on subsequent declines in health at the end of life. Substantial work remains to understand how modifiable behaviors impact the relationship between physiological dysregulation, frailty, and mortality in men and women.

scholarly journals Covid-19 and the impact on the physical activity level of elderly people: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 111675
Author(s):  
Murilo Rezende Oliveira ◽  
Isabella Pessóta Sudati ◽  
Vanessa De Mello Konzen ◽  
Ana Carolina de Campos ◽  
Lia Mara Wibelinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of Enrollment in an Instructional Physical Activity Program Course on the Physical Activity Level and Enjoyment of Physical Activity of University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant M. Hill ◽  
Bernard D. Goldfine ◽  
Kandice J. Porter ◽  
Zenong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Physical Activity Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Program ◽  
Training Control ◽  
The Impact

e purposes of this research were to determine whether participation in a university elective instruction-al physical activity program course (IPAP) would increase the weekly physical activity level of students and resultin a signi cantly higher score on the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). Treatment-group participantswere enrolled in an elective IPAP course that was either sport-based (e.g., volleyball, tennis) or physical condi-tioning-based (e.g., aerobic/strength training). Control-group participants (N=180) were students from the sameuniversities who were not enrolled during that term in an IPAP course. Student responses to the Godin-ShephardLeisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire indicated within-group changes in pre vs. post physical activity thatwere signi cant for the treatment group, but not the control group. Results indicate participation in an IPAPcourse signi cantly increases the physical activity levels of students and also signi cantly increases the physical activ-ity enjoyment of students with the most sedentary lifestyles.

Postprandial Metabolic Responses Differ by Age Group and Physical Activity Level

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam R. Emerson ◽  
S. P. Kurti ◽  
E. M. Emerson ◽  
B. J. Cull ◽  
K. Casey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Age Group

Impact of Physical Activity on Executive Functions in Aging: A Selective Effect on Inhibition Among Old Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 808-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffroy K. Boucard ◽  
Cédric T. Albinet ◽  
Aurélia Bugaiska ◽  
Cédric A. Bouquet ◽  
David Clarys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
The Impact

The purposes of this study were to determine the impact of physical activity on three different executive functions (shifting, inhibition, and updating) and to examine whether cardiovascular fitness was a good mediator of the positive link(s) between these variables. Sixty-three young adults (18–28 years), 30 young-old adults (60–70 years) and 30 old adults (71–81 years) were divided into physically active and sedentary groups according to physical activity level (assessed from an accelerometer and the Historical Leisure Activity Questionnaire). Cardiovascular fitness was assessed by VO2max from the Rockport 1 mile. Each executive function was assessed through three different experimental tasks. ANCOVAs revealed that the effect of physical activity level was specific to the old adults and significant for inhibition, but not for updating and shifting. Mediation analysis showed that this positive effect in the old adults group was mediated by cardiovascular fitness level. The present findings highlight the positive linkages among physical activity, cardiovascular fitness, and inhibition in aging.

scholarly journals Sedentary Lifestyle Matters as Past Sedentariness, Not Current Sedentariness, Predicts Cognitive Inhibition Performance among College Students: An Exploratory Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7649
Author(s):  
Valentin Magnon ◽  
Guillaume T. Vallet ◽  
Frédéric Dutheil ◽  
Catherine Auxiette
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Students ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Cognitive Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Performance ◽  
The Impact

Background: Currently, sedentariness is assessed over a short period of time, thus it is difficult to study its cognitive implications. To investigate the cognitive consequences of a sedentary lifestyle, the past level (i.e., the sedentary time accumulated over the years) and current level of sedentariness should be considered. This pilot study aimed to investigate the negative association between a sedentary lifestyle and cognition by considering both the current and past sedentariness. It was expected that the physical activity level moderates the potential negative association between sedentariness and cognition. Methods: 52 college students (Mage = 20.19, SDage = 2; 36 women) participated in the study. Current sedentariness (ratio of sedentary time in the last year), past sedentariness (ratio of sedentary time accumulated in previous years), and physical activity (ratio of time spent in physical activity in years) were assessed using a questionnaire. Cognitive inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory updating were measured through three specific tests. Results: Past sedentariness significantly explained the inhibition performance when controlled for physical activity, whereas current sedentariness did not. More precisely, past sedentariness only negatively predicted cognitive inhibition when the physical activity level was low (β = −3.15, z(48) = −2.62, p = 0.01). Conclusions: The impact of sedentariness on cognitive functioning might only be revealed when past sedentariness and physical activity are controlled.

scholarly journals The Impact of Age and Physical Activity Level on Manual Aiming Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Florian Van Halewyck ◽  
Ann Lavrysen ◽  
Oron Levin ◽  
Digby Elliott ◽  
Werner F. Helsen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Manual Aiming ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Aiming Performance

Predictors of Physical Performance and Functional Ability in People 50+ With and Without Fibromyalgia

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jessie Jones ◽  
Dana N. Rutledge ◽  
Jordan Aquino
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Impact

The purposes of this study were to determine whether people with and without fibromyalgia (FM) age 50 yr and above showed differences in physical performance and perceived functional ability and to determine whether age, gender, depression, and physical activity level altered the impact of FM status on these factors. Dependent variables included perceived function and 6 performance measures (multidimensional balance, aerobic endurance, overall functional mobility, lower body strength, and gait velocity—normal or fast). Independent (predictor) variables were FM status, age, gender, depression, and physical activity level. Results indicated significant differences between adults with and without FM on all physical-performance measures and perceived function. Linear-regression models showed that the contribution of significant predictors was in expected directions. All regression models were significant, accounting for 16–65% of variance in the dependent variables.

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