scholarly journals Sedentary Lifestyle Matters as Past Sedentariness, Not Current Sedentariness, Predicts Cognitive Inhibition Performance among College Students: An Exploratory Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7649
Author(s):  
Valentin Magnon ◽  
Guillaume T. Vallet ◽  
Frédéric Dutheil ◽  
Catherine Auxiette
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Students ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Cognitive Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Performance ◽  
The Impact

Background: Currently, sedentariness is assessed over a short period of time, thus it is difficult to study its cognitive implications. To investigate the cognitive consequences of a sedentary lifestyle, the past level (i.e., the sedentary time accumulated over the years) and current level of sedentariness should be considered. This pilot study aimed to investigate the negative association between a sedentary lifestyle and cognition by considering both the current and past sedentariness. It was expected that the physical activity level moderates the potential negative association between sedentariness and cognition. Methods: 52 college students (Mage = 20.19, SDage = 2; 36 women) participated in the study. Current sedentariness (ratio of sedentary time in the last year), past sedentariness (ratio of sedentary time accumulated in previous years), and physical activity (ratio of time spent in physical activity in years) were assessed using a questionnaire. Cognitive inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory updating were measured through three specific tests. Results: Past sedentariness significantly explained the inhibition performance when controlled for physical activity, whereas current sedentariness did not. More precisely, past sedentariness only negatively predicted cognitive inhibition when the physical activity level was low (β = −3.15, z(48) = −2.62, p = 0.01). Conclusions: The impact of sedentariness on cognitive functioning might only be revealed when past sedentariness and physical activity are controlled.

Effects of Sex and Physical Activity Level on Serum Biomarker-Based Physiological Dysregulation: The Impact to Predict Frailty and Mortality in the Quebec NuAge Cohort

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ghachem ◽  
Frédérik Dufour ◽  
Tamas Fülöp ◽  
Pierrette Gaudreau ◽  
Alan A. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Physiological Dysregulation ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Age-related changes in biological processes such as physiological dysregulation (the progressive loss of homeostatic capacity) vary considerably among older adults and may influence health profiles in late life. These differences could be related, at least in part, to the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as sex and physical activity level (PAL). <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the magnitude and rate of changes in physiologi­cal dysregulation in men and women according to PAL and (2) to determine whether/how sex and PAL mediate the apparent influence of physiological dysregulation on health outcomes (frailty and mortality). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used data on 1,754 community-dwelling older adults (age = 74.4 ± 4.2 years; women = 52.4%) of the Quebec NuAge cohort study. Physiological dysregulation was calculated based on Mahalanobis distance of 31 biomarkers regrouped into 5 systems: oxygen transport, liver/kidney function, leukopoiesis, micronutrients, and lipids. <b><i>Results:</i></b> As expected, mean physiological dysregulation significantly increased with age while PAL decreased. For the same age and PAL, men showed higher levels of physiological dysregulation globally in 3 systems: oxygen transport, liver/kidney function, and leukopoiesis. Men also showed faster global physiological dysregulation in the liver/kidney and leukopoiesis systems. Overall, high PAL was associated with lower level and slower rate of change of physiological dysregulation. Finally, while mortality and frailty risk significantly increased with physiological dysregulation, there was no evidence for differences in these effects between sexes and PAL. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results showed that both sex and PAL have a significant effect on physiological dysregulation levels and rates of change. Also, although a higher PAL was associated with lower level and slower rate of change of physiological dysregulation, there was no evidence that PAL attenuates the effect of physiological dysregulation on subsequent declines in health at the end of life. Substantial work remains to understand how modifiable behaviors impact the relationship between physiological dysregulation, frailty, and mortality in men and women.

scholarly journals Covid-19 and the impact on the physical activity level of elderly people: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 111675
Author(s):  
Murilo Rezende Oliveira ◽  
Isabella Pessóta Sudati ◽  
Vanessa De Mello Konzen ◽  
Ana Carolina de Campos ◽  
Lia Mara Wibelinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Criterion validity of two physical activity and one sedentary time questionnaire against accelerometry in a large cohort of adults and older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edvard H Sagelv ◽  
Laila A Hopstock ◽  
Jonas Johansson ◽  
Bjørge H Hansen ◽  
Soren Brage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Level Scale

ObjectivesWe compared the ability of physical activity and sitting time questionnaires (PAQ) for ranking individuals versus continuous volume calculations (physical activity level (PAL), metabolic equivalents of task (MET), sitting hours) against accelerometry measured physical activity as our criterion.MethodsParticipants in a cohort from the Tromsø Study completed three questionnaires; (1) The Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale (SGPALS) (n=4040); (2) The Physical Activity Frequency, Intensity and Duration (PAFID) questionnaire (n=5902)) calculated as MET-hours·week-1 and (3) The International Physical Activity questionnaire (IPAQ) short-form sitting question (n=4896). We validated the questionnaires against the following accelerometry (Actigraph wGT3X-BT) estimates: vector magnitude counts per minute, steps∙day-1, time (minutes·day-1) in sedentary behaviour, light physical activity, moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) non-bouted and ≥10 min bouted MVPA.ResultsRanking of physical activity according to the SGPALS and quartiles (Q) of MET-hours∙week-1 from the PAFID were both positively associated with accelerometry estimates of physical activity (p<0.001) but correlations with accelerometry estimates were weak (SGPALS (PAL): r=0.11 to 0.26, p<0.001) and weak-to-moderate (PAFID: r=0.39 to 0.44, p<0.01). There was 1 hour of accelerometry measured sedentary time from Q1 to Q4 in the IPAQ sitting question (p<0.001) and also weak correlations (r=0.22, p<0.01).ConclusionRanking of physical activity levels measured with PAQs appears to have higher validity than energy expenditure calculations. Self-reported sedentary time poorly reflects accelerometry measured sedentary time. These two PAQs can be used for ranking individuals into different physical activity categories supporting previous studies using these instruments when assessing associations with health outcomes.

The Impact of Enrollment in an Instructional Physical Activity Program Course on the Physical Activity Level and Enjoyment of Physical Activity of University Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant M. Hill ◽  
Bernard D. Goldfine ◽  
Kandice J. Porter ◽  
Zenong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Physical Activity Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Program ◽  
Training Control ◽  
The Impact

e purposes of this research were to determine whether participation in a university elective instruction-al physical activity program course (IPAP) would increase the weekly physical activity level of students and resultin a signi cantly higher score on the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). Treatment-group participantswere enrolled in an elective IPAP course that was either sport-based (e.g., volleyball, tennis) or physical condi-tioning-based (e.g., aerobic/strength training). Control-group participants (N=180) were students from the sameuniversities who were not enrolled during that term in an IPAP course. Student responses to the Godin-ShephardLeisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire indicated within-group changes in pre vs. post physical activity thatwere signi cant for the treatment group, but not the control group. Results indicate participation in an IPAPcourse signi cantly increases the physical activity levels of students and also signi cantly increases the physical activ-ity enjoyment of students with the most sedentary lifestyles.

Correlation Between Glycemic Control and Physical Activity Level in Adolescents and Children With Type 1 Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Petra Miculis ◽  
Wagner De Campos ◽  
Margaret Cristina da Silva Boguszewski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Sleeping Time

Background:The aim of this study was to correlate glycemic control (GC) and variables of physical activity levels (PAL) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).Methods:Fifty children and adolescents with T1DM were selected. Personal and medical data for the patients were collected. Physical evaluations of body weight and sexual maturation were undertaken. Bouchard’s questionnaire was applied to evaluate PAL as well as for time spent on physical activities.Results:Sixty-four percent of the subjects were sexually mature. Differences were observed between females and males in insulin dose, duration of light physical activity, and sleeping time (P < .05). Ninety percent presented poor GC and 80% had a low PAL. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was significantly correlated with PAL, with sedentary time, and with sleeping time. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was significantly correlated with sedentary time and sleeping time. Among the three groups of PAL (insufficient × moderate × active) there were differences in HbA1c (%), FBG (mg/dL), duration of disease (years), and insulin dose (UI/kg/day) (P < 0.001).Conclusion:GC was significantly correlated with PAL. Among the three groups of physical activity level, the most active group was seen to have the best GC.

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