scholarly journals Bridging the energy gap of India’s residential buildings by using rooftop solar PV systems for higher energy stars

Clean Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-432
Author(s):  
Rakesh Dalal ◽  
Kamal Bansal ◽  
Sapan Thapar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Rooftop Solar

Abstract The residential-building sector in India consumes >25% of the total electricity and is the third-largest consumer of electricity; consumption increased by 26% between 2014 and 2017. India has introduced a star-labelling programme for residential buildings that is applicable for all single- and multiple-dwelling units in the country for residential purposes. The Energy Performance Index (EPI) of a building (annual energy consumption in kilowatt-hours per square metre of the building) is taken as an indicator for awarding the star label for residential buildings. For gauging the EPI status of existing buildings, the electricity consumption of residential buildings (in kWh/m2/year) is established through a case study of the residential society. Two years of electricity bills are collected for an Indian residential society located in Palam, Delhi, analysed and benchmarked with the Indian residential star-labelling programme. A wide EPI gap is observed for existing buildings for five-star energy labels. Based on existing electricity tariffs, the energy consumption of residential consumers and the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE)’s proposed building ENERGY STAR labelling, a grid-integrated rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) system is considered for achieving a higher star label. This research study establishes the potential of grid-connected rooftop solar PV systems for residential buildings in Indian cities through a case study of Delhi. Techno-economic analysis of a grid-integrated 3-kWp rooftop solar PV plant is analysed by using RETScreen software. The study establishes that an additional two stars can be achieved by existing buildings by using a grid-integrated rooftop solar PV plant. Payback for retrofit of a 3-kWp rooftop solar PV plant for Indian cites varies from 3 to 7 years. A case study in Delhi, India establishes the potential of grid-connected rooftop solar PV systems for residential buildings. Techno-economic analysis of grid integrated, 3 kWp rooftop solar systems estimates a payback period from 3 to 7 years.

scholarly journals Top Energy Saver of the Year: Results of an Energy Saving Competition in Public Buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-293
Author(s):  
Jan Kaselofsky ◽  
Ralf Schüle ◽  
Marika Rošā ◽  
Toms Prodaņuks ◽  
Anda Jekabsone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Heat Consumption ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Building ◽  
Team Members

AbstractNon-residential buildings in the European Union consume more than one third of the building sector’s total. Many non-residential buildings are owned by municipalities. This paper reports about an energy saving competition that was carried out in 91 municipal buildings in eight EU member states in 2019. For each public building an energy team was formed. The energy teams’ activities encompassed motivating changes in the energy use behaviour of employees and small investments. Two challenges added an element of gamification to the energy saving competition. To assess the success of the energy saving competition, an energy performance baseline was calculated using energy consumption data of each public building from previous years. Energy consumption in the competition year was monitored on a monthly base. After the competition the top energy savers from each country were determined by the percentage-based reduction of energy consumption compared to the baseline. On average, the buildings had an electricity and heat consumption in 2019 that was about 8 % and 7 %, respectively, lower than the baseline. As an additional data source for the evaluation, a survey among energy team members was conducted at the beginning and after the energy competition. Support from superiors, employee interest and motivation and behaviour change as assessed by energy team members show a positive, if weak or moderate, correlation with changes in electricity consumption, but not with changes in heat consumption.

Energy Usage Intensity of Bank Building Stock: A Case Study in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khuram Pervez Amber ◽  
Muhammad Waqar Aslam ◽  
Anila Kousar ◽  
Muhammad Sajid Khan ◽  
Ghulam Qadir Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
Automatic Teller Machines ◽  
Major Factors

Abstract Energy usage intensity (EUI, kWh/m2/year) of a building category helps energy managers and building owners in evaluating the energy performance of their buildings. Banks are energy-intensive buildings, but there is limited research published in this highly energy-intensive building category. In this paper, the energy consumption of 98 bank buildings located in different cities of the AJK region of Pakistan has been critically analyzed and their EUI value has been established. Data were collected through site visits, interviews, and questionnaires. Electricity consumption of each bank branch was normalized using the cooling degree days method and respective annual normalized EUIs were calculated. It was found through analysis that three major factors that drive electricity consumption in bank buildings in Pakistan are building's area, the number of workstations, and the number of automatic teller machines. The EUI of banks in Pakistan has been found to be 222 kWh/m2/yr, which is comparable with the same of eight other countries.

scholarly journals The Energy Performance Gap in Swiss residential buildings: a roadmap for improvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012143
Author(s):  
Stefano Cozza ◽  
Jonathan Chambers ◽  
Martin K. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Accurate Calculation ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Theoretical Energy Consumption

Abstract This work deals with the Energy Performance Gap (EPG) in buildings, defined as the difference between actual and theoretical energy consumption. This paper investigates how to close the EPG of existing buildings in Switzerland, by which measures, until when, and at which costs. To address these questions an extensive literature review was conducted combined with qualitative interviews in order to better understand practitioners’ experience and to support the findings from the literature. Several approaches have been found to reduce the EPG. These include both measures to make the building consume as expected and to arrive at a more accurate calculation of the theoretical consumption. We highlight the most relevant solutions for the Swiss context.

Economic Analysis of Rooftop Solar PV Systems in Argentina

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Gustavo Coria ◽  
Franco Penizzotto ◽  
Rolando Pringles
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Rooftop Solar

Building’s Energy Consumption Pattern and Design-Built Parameters - Influence of Climate on Design Guidelines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Almufarrej ◽  
Tohid Erfani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Contributing Factors

<p>Increasing buildings energy efficiency is a challenging task. The two main contributing factors that control the overall buildings energy performance are the Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning (HVAC) system and the building envelope design. Our research investigates how three main building envelop design factors (orientation, compactness and window to wall ratio) impact the overall building’s energy consumption. We focus on typical rectangular shaped buildings and vary the geometry between a square to a rectangular floor plan to provide a basis of energy performance in early stage building design guidance. We test the analysis on building’s energy performance specific to the Middle East’s Kuwait climate condition and environment, and discuss the least energy consumption patterns. This is of importance as most of the electricity consumption in Kuwait are due to HVAC use in residential buildings. The major energy consumption factors are broken down to show how the patterns are unique compared to the previously researched efforts and how a regional set of guidance is of need. The results of this study’s implication on energy and resource use in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region is discussed, given the high proportion of GHG emission compared to the population within the region.</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of Current Energy Consumption in Residential Buildings in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Felimban ◽  
Alejandro Prieto ◽  
Ulrich Knaack ◽  
Tillmann Klein ◽  
Yasser Qaffas
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
User Awareness ◽  
Current Energy

In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), residential buildings’ energy consumption accounts for almost 50% of the building stock electricity consumption. The KSA’s economy relies heavily on fossil fuel sources, namely oil reservoirs, whose depletion will negatively affect the future development of the country. The total electricity consumption is growing by approximately 5–8% annually, which would lead to oil production and oil consumption being equal in 2035. Therefore, residential buildings need further assessment as regards their current energy consumption. This research used a survey to explore current user behaviour in residential buildings’ energy performance in the city of Jeddah, KSA. The findings of the survey show that several factors impact the energy performance in residential buildings. First, the buildings’ thermal properties were found to be poorly designed. Second, the cultural aspects (family member role and generous hospitality), and the majority of users within the buildings preferring a room temperature of below 24 °C, requires a massive amount of cooling due to the climate conditions. Third, an increase in user awareness has helped to slightly improve residential buildings’ energy efficiency. Knowing the current high-energy-consumption sources and causes, being able to define opportunities for thermal properties’ enhancement, and increasing user awareness of how to achieve self-sustaining buildings are essential.

scholarly journals Techno‐economic analysis and energy performance of a geothermal earth‐to‐air heat exchanger (EAHE) system in residential buildings: A case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mostafaeipour ◽  
Hossein Goudarzi ◽  
Mohammadali Khanmohammadi ◽  
Mehdi Jahangiri ◽  
Ahmad Sedaghat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Energy Performance

Energy Consumption Pattern of Residential Buildings: Case Study of Residential Area in Batu Pahat, Johor

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaidah Jailani ◽  
◽  
Norsyalifa Mohamad ◽  
Muhammad Amirul Omar ◽  
Hauashdh Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Residential Sector ◽  
Waste Energy ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Energy Consumption Pattern

According to the National Energy Balance report released by the Energy Commission of Malaysia in 2016, the residential sector uses 21.6% of the total energy in Malaysia. Residents waste energy through inefficient energy consumption and a lack of awareness. Building occupants are considered the main factor that influences energy consumption in buildings, and to change energy consumption on an overall scale, it is crucial to change individual behaviour. Therefore, this study focused on analysing the energy consumption pattern and the behaviour of consumers towards energy consumption in their homes in the residential area of Batu Pahat, Johor. A self-administrated questionnaire approach was employed in this study. The findings of this study showed that the excessive use of air conditioners was a significant factor in the increasing electricity bills of homeowners as well as the inefficient use of electrical appliances. Also, this study determined the effect of awareness on consumer behaviour. This study recommends ways to help minimise energy consumption in the residential area.

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