scholarly journals Simultaneous determination of hemoglobin derivatives, oxygen content, oxygen capacity, and oxygen saturation in 10 microliters of whole blood.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1215-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Rossi-Bernardi ◽  
M Perella ◽  
M Luzzana ◽  
M Samaja ◽  
I Raffaele
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Oxygen Pressure ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
New Method ◽  
Hemoglobin Derivatives ◽  
Oxygen Capacity

Abstract We describe a new method for simultaneous determination of four hemoglobin derivatives (deoxyhemoglobin, Hb; oxyhemoglobin, HbO2; methemoglobin, Hb+; and carbon monoxide hemoglobin, HbCO) and total oxygen content in 10 microliters of whole blood. Percentage HbO2, HbCO, Hb+, total hemoglobin (Hbt), and oxygen capacity can also be obtained from the experimental data by simple calculations. Total analysis time is 1 min. Blood is diluted 100-fold with a buffer contained in a quasi-anaerobic cuvette, where simultaneous measurements of oxygen pressure (by a po2 electrode) and adsorbance (at 497, 565, and 620 nm) are made. The decrease of oxygen pressure, as recorded by the oxygen electrode, is proportional to the amount of deoxyhemoglobin. The concentrations of HbO2, HbCO, and Hb+ can be obtained from absorbance measurements at the specified wavelengths. The new method eliminates the use of short-path optical cells and, due to the low sample volume requirement, makes possible the automated measurement of hemoglobin derivatives and oxygen saturation in arterialized capillary blood.

scholarly journals SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF THE OXYGEN SATURATION OF WHOLE BLOOD

1955 ◽  
Vol 217 (1) ◽  
pp. 479-488
Author(s):  
Makepeace U. Tsao ◽  
Shirley S. Sethna ◽  
Charles H. Sloan ◽  
Lillian J. Wyngarden
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Whole Blood

scholarly journals Simultaneous Determination of Cyclosporine A, Tacrolimus, Sirolimus, and Everolimus in Whole-Blood Samples by LC-MS/MS

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Karapirli ◽  
Murat Kizilgun ◽  
Ozgur Yesilyurt ◽  
Husamettin Gul ◽  
Zeki Ilker Kunak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Cyclosporine A ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

Objectives. Cyclosporine A (CyA), tacrolimus (TRL), sirolimus (SIR), and everolimus (RAD) are immunosuppressive drugs frequently used in organ transplantation. Our aim was to confirm a robust sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for determination of CyA, TRL, SIR, and RAD in whole-blood samples.Materials and Methods. We used an integrated online solid-phase extraction-LC-MS/MS system and atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry (API-MS/MS) in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) detection mode. CyA, TRL, SIR, and RAD were simultaneously analyzed in whole blood treated with precipitation reagent taken from transplant patients.Results. System performance parameters were suitable for using this method as a high-throughput technique in clinical practice. The high concentration of one analyte in the sample did not affect the concentration of other analytes. Total analytical time was 2.5 min, and retention times of all analytes were shorter than 2 minutes.Conclusion. This LC-MS/MS method can be preferable for therapeutic drug monitoring of these immunosuppressive drugs (CyA, TRL, SRL, and RAD) in whole blood. Sample preparation was too short and simple in this method, and it permits robust, rapid, sensitive, selective, and simultaneous determination of these drugs.

Simultaneous determination of methotrexate and its eight metabolites in human whole blood by capillary zone electrophoresis

2003 ◽  
Vol 1014 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Yuan Kuo ◽  
Hsin-Lung Wu ◽  
Hwang-Shang Kou ◽  
Shyh-Shin Chiou ◽  
Deng-Chyang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Capillary Zone Electrophoresis ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Human Whole Blood ◽  
Zone Electrophoresis ◽  
Capillary Zone

A simplified method for determining the P50 of blood

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1140-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Kirk ◽  
M. B. Raber ◽  
K. R. Duke
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Inexpensive Method ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Very High ◽  
Made In

A method to determine the P50 of whole blood is described using a modified American Optical reflectance oximeter, pump, and membrane tonometer, together with PO2, PCO2, and pH measurements in a standard blood gas machine. Determinations of P50 were made in 66 patients and normal subjects and in two situations where P50 was very low and very high. The results were compared to oxygen saturations calculated from measured oxygen content. The directly determined oxygen saturation agreed with the assumed saturation of 50 per cent in the oximeter within 0.5 per cent. The apparatus appears to be a simple and relatively inexpensive method to obtain P50 as long as blood carboxyhemoglobin or methemoglobin contents are not elevated.

Multicomponent analysis of hemoglobin derivatives with reversed-optics spectrophotometer.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Zwart ◽  
A Buursma ◽  
E J van Kampen ◽  
W G Zijlstra
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Separate Determination ◽  
Overdetermined System ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Multicomponent Analysis ◽  
Hemoglobin Derivatives ◽  
Clinical Chemical ◽  
Human Blood Samples

Abstract We describe a method for the simultaneous determination of the five clinically relevant hemoglobin derivatives (Hb, HbO2, HbCO, Hi, SHb) in a blood sample by means of a reversed-optics spectrophotometer (Hewlett-Packard HP8450 A UV/Vis). A built-in computer program is used for multicomponent analysis in an overdetermined system, i.e., a system in which the number of independent equations used exceeds the number of unknowns to be determined. First, the spectra of the five hemoglobin derivatives are measured in a series of different human blood samples. Thereafter, the multicomponent method for the simultaneous determination of the five hemoglobin derivatives is tested by comparison with conventional methods for the separate determination of oxygen saturation, HbCO, Hi, and SHb fractions. The multicomponent (multiwavelength) method is sufficiently reliable, accurate, and easy to justify its use in physiological chemical research as well as its routine application in the clinical chemical laboratory.

Evaluation of determination of uric acid in serum and whole blood with the Reflotron.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Cattozzo ◽  
C Franzini ◽  
A Hubbuch ◽  
W Tritschler
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Solution Chemistry ◽  
Enzymatic Method ◽  
Analytical Quality ◽  
Conventional Solution ◽  
Significant Interference ◽  
Sample Volume Requirement

Abstract The performance of the Reflotron system (Boehringer Mannheim) for the determination of urate in whole blood and serum was evaluated. Within-run and day-to-day imprecision of the system were comparable with those for a solution-chemistry enzymatic method (overall CVs in the range 2.2-2.5%). Results for 100 individual specimens with urate concentrations ranging from 16 to 134 mg/L agreed well with the comparison method, both for serum and whole blood. We saw no significant interference from lipemia or hemoglobin. Bilirubin interfered at concentrations greater than 100 mg/L. Hematocrit variation between 25% and 55% did not affect results for whole blood; variation of the applied sample volume from 28 microL to 35 microL (stated sample volume requirement: 30 microL) did not significantly influence the measured value. We consider results produced by the system to be of the same analytical quality as those obtained by the more conventional solution-chemistry methods that are currently available.

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