Immunoglobulins in cerebrospinal fluid in various neurologic disorders.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-116
Author(s):  
A Bouloukos ◽  
J Lekakis ◽  
J Michael ◽  
A Kalofoutis
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
The Absolute

Abstract We determined the concentrations of immunoglobulins A, G, and M in cerebrospinal fluid of 16 patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, 13 with non-bacterial meningitis, 10 with stroke syndrome, and 13 with epilepsy. The differences in concentrations of immunoglobulins in these groups were remarkable in the patients with multiple sclerosis, meningitis, or stroke syndrome. We propose that the determination of the absolute immunoglobulin content in cerebrospinal fluid is of greater significance than the relative immunoglobulin concentration.

Immunoglobulins in cerebrospinal fluid in various neurologic disorders.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bouloukos ◽  
J Lekakis ◽  
J Michael ◽  
A Kalofoutis
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
The Absolute

Abstract We determined the concentrations of immunoglobulins A, G, and M in cerebrospinal fluid of 16 patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, 13 with non-bacterial meningitis, 10 with stroke syndrome, and 13 with epilepsy. The differences in concentrations of immunoglobulins in these groups were remarkable in the patients with multiple sclerosis, meningitis, or stroke syndrome. We propose that the determination of the absolute immunoglobulin content in cerebrospinal fluid is of greater significance than the relative immunoglobulin concentration.

Cerebrospinal fluid free kappa light chains and kappa index perform equal to oligoclonal bands in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Christiansen ◽  
Mikkel Carstensen Gjelstrup ◽  
Morten Stilund ◽  
Tove Christensen ◽  
Thor Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Absolute Concentration ◽  
Igg Index ◽  
The Absolute

AbstractBackgroundDetection of intrathecal immunoglobulin G (IgG) synthesis by gold standard oligoclonal bands (OCB) or IgG index remains an integral part of multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnostics, although both methods have weaknesses. Emerging evidence suggests that automated detection of free light chains (FLC) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has diagnostic performance equal to OCB. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of CSF FLC with OCB and IgG index in a large cohort of Scandinavian patients referred for MS evaluation.MethodsWe prospectively included 230 patients suspected for MS. They are composed of patients with MS (n=96), clinically isolated syndrome (n=37), other neurological diseases (OND, n=31) and symptomatic controls (SC, n=66). CSF and serum samples were analyzed for kappa and lambda FLC, OCB and IgG index. Diagnostic performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsBoth the absolute concentration of CSF-kappa and the kappa index had excellent MS diagnostic performances with ROC area under the curve of 0.93 and 0.94 (MS vs. SC+OND). At the 0.42 mg/L cutoff, CSF-kappa had sensitivity and specificity of 93.8% and 85.6%, whereas sensitivity and specificity for OCB was 82.3% and 93.8% (72.9% and 95.9% for IgG index at cutoff 0.64). CSF-lambda and lambda index performed inferior to CSF-kappa and kappa index.ConclusionsCSF-kappa and kappa index represent automated, rapid and low-cost alternatives to OCB. Using merely the absolute concentration of CSF-kappa is a logistic advantage in the clinical laboratories.

Cerebrospinal fluid mitochondrial DNA levels in patients with multiple sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1535-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Fissolo ◽  
Laura Cervera-Carles ◽  
Luisa María Villar Guimerans ◽  
Alberto Lleó ◽  
Jordi Clarimón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction

The role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels as biomarker in multiple sclerosis (MS) is unknown. We determined CSF mtDNA levels in a cohort of 237 individuals, including patients with MS and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), inflammatory and non-inflammatory neurological controls, and cognitively healthy controls (HC). mtDNA concentration was measured by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. CSF mtDNA levels were increased in all pathological conditions compared with HC, though no differences were observed between relapse-onset and progressive MS clinical forms, CIS patients and neurological controls. These findings do not support the determination of CSF mtDNA levels as a useful biomarker in MS clinical practice.

Detection of oligoclonal bands as a part of the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis – case studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jolanta Stacherzak-Pawlik ◽  
Paulina Boćko ◽  
Ewa Zagocka
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Case ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Igg Synthesis ◽  
Intrathecal Igg Synthesis ◽  
Specific Antigens

Introduction: Oligoclonal bands are the result of the synthesis of antibodies of limited heterogeneity, that is, directed against one or more specific antigens. Their detection is an important element in the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. In multiple sclerosis, the diagnostic sensitivity of the determination of oligoclonal bands is high. Aim: The aim of this study is to answer the question whether the detection of oligoclonal bands a more valuable study is than the Tibbling-Link index and reibergram analysis in the context of the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Material and methods: Oligoclonal bands were tested in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum from 9 patients suspected of multiple sclerosis using the Sebia HYDRAGEL 3 CSF ISOFOCUSING kit. Results: In 7 out of 9 patients the Tibbling-Link index, reibergram analysis and oligoclonal bands detection clearly indicated intrathecal IgG synthesis. In 2 of 9 patients, detection of oligoclonal bands indicated intrathecal IgG synthesis and the value of Tibbling-Link index and reibergram analysis did not indicated intrathecal IgG production or these tests indicated limit values. Conclusions: The detection of oligoclonal bands in many cases allows for faster diagnosis and introduction of therapy. This test should be an integral part of SM diagnostics.

scholarly journals Comparison of Seven Formulae and Isoelectrofocusing for Determination of Intrathecally Produced IgG in Neurological Diseases

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sten Öhman ◽  
Jan Ernerudh ◽  
Pia Forsberg ◽  
Annemarie Henriksson ◽  
Henning von Schenck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Reference Limits ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Positive Results

Seven different formulae and agarose isoelectrofocusing (AIF) using immunolabelling for IgG were compared for their ability to discriminate between intrathecally produced IgG and transudated IgG in cerebrospinal fluid. All reference limits were set to a specificity of 97·5% (reference group, n = 211). The probability of a positive test ( p+) was evaluated for 112 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), 42 with meningitis, 114 with noninflammatory diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS), 23 with Guillain-Barré syndrome, and 56 with various diseases not affecting the CNS. Agarose isoelectrofocusing had the best diagnostic sensitivity (93%) for MS, combined with a low p+ (0–19%) for other diseases. Among the formulae, the IgG extended index and Reiber's hyperbolic formula were equivalent, giving high (75–79%) diagnostic sensitivity for MS combined with low p+ (4–22%) for other diseases. All other formulae, although sensitive for MS, had a higher rate of false positive results.

scholarly journals Human neurocysticercosis: IgE in cerebrospinal fluid

1997 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Silvia de Melo ◽  
Adelaide José Vaz ◽  
Paulo Mutuko Nakamura ◽  
Marcos Vinicius da Silva ◽  
Aluízio de Barros Barreto Machado
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Ige Antibodies ◽  
Immunoenzymatic Method ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
Specific Ige Antibodies

The detection of IgE is technically difficult because of its reduced concentrations in serum, and even lower concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In the present investigation we studied 86 CSF samples using an immunoenzymatic method with an anti-IgE-alkaline phosphatase conjugate and a fluorigenic substrate. The samples were from three groups: A) 29 patients with neurocysticercosis (NC), B) 36 patients with different neurologic disorders (neurosyphilis, neurotuberculosis, meningitis, tumors, hemorrhage) and C) 21 discharged individuals who had been hospitalized for bacterial meningitis. The results obtained were: A) 0.05 to 3.00 IU/ml (0.76±0.79), B) 0.00 to 1.50 IU/ml (0.23±0.34) and C) 0.05 to 1.25 IU/ml (0.34±0.34). The present results suggest that IgE appears to play a role in the pathogeny of NC and that efforts should be made to standardize a test for the detection of specific IgE antibodies.

scholarly journals The cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis: far beyond the bands

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Barros Domingues ◽  
Gustavo Bruniera Peres Fernandes ◽  
Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura Leite ◽  
Charles Peter Tilbery ◽  
Rodrigo Barbosa Thomaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Chemokine Ligand ◽  
New Biomarkers

ABSTRACT The cerebrospinal fluid analysis has been employed for supporting multiple sclerosis diagnosis and ruling out the differential diagnoses. The most classical findings reflect the inflammatory nature of the disease, including mild pleocytosis, mild protein increase, intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulin G, and, most typically, the presence of oligoclonal bands. In recent years, new biomarkers have emerged in the context of multiple sclerosis. The search for new biomarkers reflect the need of a better evaluation of disease activity, disease progression, and treatment efficiency. A more refined evaluation of disease and therapy status can contribute to better therapeutic choices, particularly in escalation of therapies. This is very relevant taking into account the availability of a greater number of drugs for multiple sclerosis treatment in recent years. In this review, we critically evaluate the current literature regarding the most important cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. The determination of biomarkers levels, such as chemokine ligand 13, fetuin A, and mainly light neurofilament has shown promising results in the evaluation of this disease, providing information that along with clinical and neuroimaging data may contribute to better therapeutic decisions.

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