Association between urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and its isoenzyme patterns and microangiopathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1696-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
C D Agardh ◽  
E Agardh ◽  
A Isaksson ◽  
B Hultberg
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Isoenzyme Pattern ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 1 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Isoenzyme Patterns ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Abstract Urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) and its isoenzymes (NAG A and NAG B) in samples from 87 type 1 diabetic patients and 40 apparently healthy reference subjects were studied with enzyme immunoassays. The diabetic patients had higher concentrations of urinary NAG than did the control subjects (P less than 0.01), but the isoenzyme pattern did not differ. There was a positive correlation between metabolic control (Hb A1c concentrations) and total NAG (P less than 0.01), NAG A (P less than 0.01), and NAG B (P less than 0.001). The diabetic patients were divided into three groups, depending on the degree of retinopathy. Subjects with severe forms of retinopathy did not have increased concentrations of urinary NAG unless they had concomitant nephropathy. The isoenzyme pattern was similar irrespective of degree of retinopathy or nephropathy. The results indicate that concentrations of urinary NAG are positively correlated to the degree of nephropathy, whereas there is no such correlation to the degree of retinopathy.

scholarly journals Autoantibodies to thyroid peroxidase in patients with type 1 diabetes in Taiwan

1998 ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
CC Chang ◽  
CN Huang ◽  
LM Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Type 1 Diabetic Patients

OBJECTIVE: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is frequently associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD). Genetic susceptibility to autoantibody formation in association with ATD and type 1 diabetes mellitus has been described with varying frequencies, but there is still debate about the situation in the Chinese population. We have, therefore, investigated the prevalence of anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) in type 1 diabetic patients, and compared the effect of anti-glutamate decarboxylase (anti-GAD) on the thyroid autoimmunity in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two hundred and forty-three subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus and seventy unrelated normal controls were recruited for the detection of anti-TPO. Two hundred and seventeen sera from two hundred and forty-three type 1 diabetic patients were tested for anti-GAD. RIA and immunoprecipitation were used for anti-TPO and anti-GAD detection respectively. RESULTS: The intra-assay and interassay coefficients of variation of anti-TPO detected by the RIA method ranged from 5.5% to 11.1%. Among 243 type 1 diabetic patients, 53 (21.8%) were positive for anti-TPO. Compared with those without thyroid autoimmunity, there was a female preponderance for the type 1 diabetic patients with thyroid autoimmunity (female:male, 99:91 vs 37:16 respectively). Among the type 1 diabetic patients with thyroid autoimmunity, anti-TPO tended to occur in those of older age or with long-standing disease. The frequency of anti-GAD was 45.6%, (99 of 217), without gender preponderance (males:females, 18.0% vs 27.61%). Compared with those with negative anti-GAD, no significant difference of anti-TPO positivity for the type 1 diabetic patients with positive anti-GAD was found. CONCLUSION: Our data indicated that the RIA method for anti-TPO detection is sensitive and precise for routine clinical use. The presence of anti-TPO in 21.8% of our type 1 diabetic patients confirmed the strong association of ATD and type 1 diabetes mellitus without ethnic differences. The absence of correlation between anti-TPO and anti-GAD in our type 1 diabetic patients suggested genetic heterogeneity in the role of autoimmunity of type 1 diabetes mellitus and ATD among races.

scholarly journals The prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus among adolescents and adults in Lithuania during 1991–2004

Medicina ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rytas Ostrauskas
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type 1 Diabetic Patients

Objective. The goal of this study was to summarize the data on the prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus among Lithuanian population aged more than 15 years. Material and methods. The data on patients aged more than 16 years were collected with the help of general practitioners, endocrinologists, and physicians-internists working in the diabetes care in all towns and regions of Lithuania. The data on patients aged 14 to 16 years were obtained from the National Register of Diabetes Mellitus in Childhood in Lithuania. Results. In Lithuania, on December 31, 1991, there were 2179 adolescent and adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus or 75.21 per 100 000 inhabitants of the same age group (95% Poisson CI 72.12–78.43), and at the end of 2004 – 3996 or 140.69 (95% Poisson CI 136.40– 145.12), respectively. During a 14-year period, the mean increase in the number of type 1 diabetic patients was 144.85±23.32 persons per year or 4.66±1.17% or 4.04±1.19 cases per 100 000 population (for males 85.54±10.82 or 5.06±1.02% or 6.81±1.57/100 000 and for females 54.23±9.05 or 3.93±0.86% or 3.56±1.05/100 000). Regression-based linear trends showed that the prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus among population aged more than 15 years had a tendency to increase. The prevalence rates of type 1 diabetes mellitus among adolescent and adult subjects, adjusted for Lithuanian male and female age groups, were 80.64/100 000 and 70.23/100 000 in 1991 (P<0.05) and 166.52 and 117.63 in 2004 (P<0.05), respectively. Conclusions. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus among Lithuanian females aged more than 15 years was lower than among males. The register provides the possibility of highly precise collection of the data on patients from various medical care units in Lithuania.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF URINARY MICROALBUMIN LEVELS IN TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE GLYCEMIC CONTROL

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Sara Mohammed ◽  
Faizan I Asrar Nazki ◽  
Mohsin Wazir ◽  
Syyeda Anees
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Type 1 Diabetic Patients

Aims: To evaluate the urinary microalbumin levels in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in association with the glycemic control. Methodology: 100 subjects were enrolled (50 controls and 50 type 1 diabetic patients) with age and sex matched. 50 Type 1 diabetic patients were grouped into 3 based on their glycemic status. Venous blood and urine is collected for the estimation of the urinary microalbumin, serum creatinine, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c. Results: The present study received significant correlations between MA and HbA1c with their respective controls with p –value < 0.005. The difference of means between Group 2 and Group 3 is statistically significant, and between Group 1 and Group 3 is also statistically significant (p value <0.05). Conclusion: The present study stated that urinary microalbumin was found to be higher in type 1 DM. The raised MA levels are found to be associated with poor glycemic control in Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Impact of ELKa, the Electronic Device for Prandial Insulin Dose Calculation, on Metabolic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kowalska ◽  
Katarzyna Piechowiak ◽  
Anna Ramotowska ◽  
Agnieszka Szypowska
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Insulin Dosage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prandial Insulin

Background. The ELKa system is composed of computer software, with a database of nutrients, and a dedicated USB kitchen scale. It was designed to automatize the everyday calculations of food exchanges and prandial insulin doses. Aim. To investigate the influence of the ELKa on metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods. A randomized, parallel, open-label clinical trial involved 106 patients aged <18 years with T1DM, HbA1C≤10%, undergoing intensive insulin therapy, allocated to the intervention group, who used the ELKa (n=53), or the control group (n=53), who used conventional calculation methods. Results. After the 26-week follow-up, the intention-to-treat analysis showed no differences to all endpoints. In per protocol analysis, 22/53 (41.5%) patients reporting ELKa usage for >50% of meals achieved lower HbA1C levels (P=0.002), lower basal insulin amounts (P=0.049), and lower intrasubject standard deviation of blood glucose levels (P=0.023) in comparison with the control. Moreover, in the intervention group, significant reduction of HbA1C level, by 0.55% point (P=0.002), was noted. No intergroup differences were found in the hypoglycemic episodes, BMI-SDS, bolus insulin dosage, and total daily insulin dosage. Conclusions. The ELKa system improves metabolic control in children with T1DM under regular usage. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02194517.

scholarly journals How the sialylation level of serum N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase a form in type 1 diabetes mellitus influences its activity?

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 1491-1503
Author(s):  
Vesna Jovanovic ◽  
Jelena Acimovic ◽  
Vesna Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic ◽  
Ljuba Mandic
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Negative Charge ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Secondary Complications ◽  
Isoenzyme Patterns ◽  
Healthy Persons

It has been verified that serum N-acetyl-?-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity is elevated in diabetes, but there are no reports about changes of the sialic acid (SA) content in the carbohydrate parts of NAG A form and its influence on total NAG activity changes in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients without and with secondary complications. NAG A forms were isolated, purified and characterized from the serum of 81 IDDM patients with and without secondary complications (retinopathy, polyneuropathy and nephropathy) and 25 healthy persons. The content of ?-2,6-bound SA and isoenzyme patterns of purified A form, total NAG and A form activities were determined. In all diabetic groups, A form sialylation levels were 2-3.5 times lower compared to control, while their acidities (fractions with pI 4.25-5.1) increased, particularly with progression of secondary complications. Total serum NAG activities and percentages of A form were significantly higher (P<0.001) in all diabetic groups and negatively correlated with the ?-2,6-bound SA content of the A form. In addition, they decreased as secondary diabetic complications became more complex. Observed changes could be the consequence of structural changes in the A form due to significant increase in its acidity, i.e. negative charge which originate from groups other than SA.

scholarly journals Molecular-genetic, immunological bases and prophylaxis of diabetes mellitus in children

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
E V Titovich
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Genetic Studies

Since the autoimmune nature of type 1 diabetes mellitus came to become known some 40 years ago, continuous investigations have been carried out in an attempt to improve approaches to prognostication of this disease and develop new safe and efficacious methods for its prevention. For all that, many aspects of diabetes pathogenesis still remain far from clear. In most cases (roughly 85%), type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) develops sporadically in the absence of a relevant familial or hereditary history of this condition. Accordingly, the first-degree relatives account for only 15% of all DM1 patients. The risk of development of DM1 in the Russian population estimated by the researchers of the Children' Department, Endocrinological Research Centre, is relatively low (0.2%). It depends on many factors, such as the number of ill and healthy relatives, the chronological age of a given patient and the age of onset of clinical manifestations in his (her) relatives. Type 1 diabetes-predisposing and protective haplotypes were identified in the Russian population based on the results of molecular-genetic studies involving 599 children and adolescents with DM1. These and immunological data were used to distinguish between risk groups in the families of diabetic patients and the rationale was proposed for the dynamic follow-up of these subjects. It is concluded that estimation of the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus based on the results of molecular-genetic studies and monitoring immunological markers constitutes the first step in the elaboration of preventive measures designed to prevent or delay the development of the disease.

scholarly journals Improvement in metabolic control of type 1 diabetes mellitus in a tertiary unit: 2005 vs 2012

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Caetano ◽  
Sara Ferreira ◽  
Ester Pereira ◽  
Marta Ferreira ◽  
Helena Lourenco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Control

ALLERGIC DISEASES IN TYPE 1 DIABETIC PATIENTS: A BRIEF REVIEW

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Alina Gabriela Dutu ◽  
◽  
Silviu Albu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Stepping Stones

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is considered an autoimmune disease mediated by Th1 lymphocytes, while allergic diseases are characterized by Th2-mediated immune response. Their incidence is rising in developed countries and the interaction between autoimmune and atopic diseases has been a subject of interest for decades. There are many controversies about the association or mutual exclusion of these diseases, but classical paradigm based on the assumption that diseases mediated by Th1 and Th2 should be mutually exclusive, has been revised considering both the role of regulatory T cells Threg, and the environmental factors involved. The aim of this review is to investigate the association of allergic diseases (rhinitis, asthma, dermatitis) in patient diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The studies that attempted to shed light on this topic had surprisingly varied results. These ranged from statistically significant proof of an inverse association between an autoimmune disease and one or several atopic ones to other implying positive associations. Although up to now studies on this subject present seemingly discordant results, each attempt raises new questions and sheds light on new factors involved in the interaction of these diseases. They present much needed stepping stones for future studies to learn from and adapt.

scholarly journals Exhaled volatile substances in children suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus: results from a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Trefz ◽  
Juliane Obermeier ◽  
Ruth Lehbrink ◽  
Jochen K. Schubert ◽  
Wolfram Miekisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Monitoring metabolic adaptation to type 1 diabetes mellitus in children is challenging. Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath is non-invasive and appears as a promising tool. However, data on breath VOC profiles in pediatric patients are limited. We conducted a cross-sectional study and applied quantitative analysis of exhaled VOCs in children suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (n = 53) and healthy controls (n = 60). Both groups were matched for sex and age. For breath gas analysis, a very sensitive direct mass spectrometric technique (PTR-TOF) was applied. The duration of disease, the mode of insulin application (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion vs. multiple daily insulin injection) and long-term metabolic control were considered as classifiers in patients. The concentration of exhaled VOCs differed between T1DM patients and healthy children. In particular, T1DM patients exhaled significantly higher amounts of ethanol, isopropanol, dimethylsulfid, isoprene and pentanal compared to healthy controls (171, 1223, 19.6, 112 and 13.5 ppbV vs. 82.4, 784, 11.3, 49.6, and 5.30 ppbV). The most remarkable differences in concentrations were found in patients with poor metabolic control, i.e. those with a mean HbA1c above 8%. In conclusion, non-invasive breath testing may support the discovery of basic metabolic mechanisms and adaptation early in the progress of T1DM.

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