Parasitism of Cabbage Aphid and Green Peach Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Collards in Relation to Weed Management

AbstractThe green peach aphid (GPA), Myzus persicae S., and the cabbage aphid (CA), Brevicoryne brassicae L., exhibit a feeding preference when exposed to different canola (Brassica napus L.) plant structures. Preference may be associated with the concentration and/or composition of allelochemicals; specifically, glucosinolates (GLS). Furthermore, each aphid species employs a different strategy for tolerating plant defensive chemistry; GPA excretes glucosinolates while CA sequesters these toxic compounds. Given these different detoxification mechanisms, it is possible that both feeding location and aphid species may affect prey suitability for Hippodamia convergens larvae. We conducted a factorial laboratory experiment to evaluate whether one or both factors impacted predator fitness. We hypothesized that plant structures with higher GLS concentrations will negatively affect the development and survival of immature predators, which will also vary based on prey detoxification strategies. Results confirm that when predators fed on either aphid species reared on canola structures having lower GLS concentrations, development was faster than when they fed on aphids reared on structures having higher GLS. Although predators consumed more GPA than CA, consumption rates did not differ between rearing location for GPA, but fewer CA were consumed when reared on reproductive canola parts. These findings suggest that: 1) plant-mediated differences in prey quality exist for canola aphids; 2) the type of adaptation used by aphids to overcome plant defenses have important consequences for prey suitability; and 3) reduced feeding by H. convergens larvae on unsuitable prey may offset deleterious effects of plant defenses against aphid pests. By evaluating source-sink dynamics at the plant level, we can further understand trophic interactions involving plant defenses and how these interactions may influence community dynamics and structure.

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Presence-Absence Sequential Sampling for Cabbage Aphid and Green Peach Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Brussels Sprouts

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/76.3.476 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 476-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

L. T. Wilson ◽

C. Pickel ◽

R. C. Mount ◽

F. G. Zalom

Keyword(s):

Green Peach Aphid ◽

Sequential Sampling ◽

Brussels Sprouts ◽

Cabbage Aphid

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POPULATION DYNAMICS OF APHIDS ON BROCCOLI IN THE MEXICAN BAJIO VALLEY.

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1132a ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1132a-1132

Author(s):

Alfonso Hernández-Barajas ◽

José Luis Vera-Medina ◽

Dr. Benito Alvarado-Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Green Peach Aphid ◽

Parasitic Wasp ◽

Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽

Aphid Population ◽

Cabbage Aphid ◽

Prevalent Species ◽

Natural Parasitism ◽

Made In

During a two-year-period, a study was made in the field in order to know the ocurrence of aphids in the broccoli crop. It was possible to know that the total aphid population is higher in winter plantings where more than 240 aphids/plant were found Spring and fall plantings, in comparison, less than 20 aphids/plant were encountered. The species more common were the cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.), the most prevalent species in the crop, getting more than 80% of the population, and the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) with a little bit more than 17% of the total. The natural parasitism in all plantings was around 17%. By species, parasitism in B. brassicae was higher in springs (70% of the total) and fall plantings where the parasitic wasp Diaretiella rapa e (MacIntosh) was probably more active. The sane pattern was obtained for M. persicae, in which the parasitism was again higher in spring and fall plantings (20% of the total) and very low during the winter. Regarding leaf preference, a very defined pattern was found in the M. persicae than for B. brassicae.

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Managing Western Flower Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Lettuce and Green Peach Aphid and Cabbage Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Broccoli with Chemical Insecticides and the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae)

The Open Plant Science Journal ◽

10.2174/1874294701710010021 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 21-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Surendra K. Dara

Keyword(s):

Beauveria Bassiana ◽

Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽

Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Green Peach Aphid ◽

Western Flower Thrips ◽

Good Control ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Cabbage Aphid ◽

Flower Thrips

Aims:Lettuce and broccoli are high value vegetable crops in California. The western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalison lettuce, and the cabbage aphid,Brevicoryne brassicaeand the green peach aphid,Myzus persicaeon broccoli are important insect pests that are frequently managed with chemical insecticides.Observation:Efficacy of various chemical insecticides and the entomopathogenic fungusBeauveria bassianawas evaluated against these pests in field studies in the Santa Maria area of California. Some insecticides varied in their efficacy againstF. occidentalisfrom year to year and against different aphid species.Conclusion:A new insecticide sulfoxaflor provided good control of aphids on broccoli.Beauveria bassianademonstrated a potential for broccoli and lettuce integrated pest management.

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THE ROLE OF THE APHIDS, BREVICORYNE BRASSICAE AND MYZUS PERSICAE, IN THE SPREAD OF XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS, THE CAUSAL ORGANISM OF BLACK ROT OF TURNIPS

Canadian Journal of Research ◽

10.1139/cjr50c-043 ◽

1950 ◽

Vol 28c (6) ◽

pp. 699-705 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Norma M. Stapleton ◽

L. A. McDermott

Keyword(s):

Myzus Persicae ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Green Peach Aphid ◽

Virulent Strain ◽

Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽

Black Rot ◽

Causal Organism ◽

Cabbage Aphid ◽

Petri Plate ◽

Rot Disease

Turnip plants, heavily infested with the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), and the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.), were inoculated with a virulent strain of Xanthomonas campestris (Pammel), the causal organism of black rot disease of turnips, and placed in special cages together with healthy turnip plants. Some aphids of both species were allowed to migrate naturally, and others were transferred mechanically from the diseased to the healthy plants, but no symptoms of black rot ever appeared in any of the latter plants. X. campestris was isolated from only 15% of the B. brassicae and from less than 1% of the M. persicae taken from the diseased plants. Aphids of both species were artificially contaminated externally with X. campestris by exposures to Petri plate and broth cultures of the pathogen. Internal contamination of other aphids of both species was accomplished by feeding them 0.2% aqueous dextrose solutions containing X. campestris. The pathogen was isolated from individuals m both groups of aphids thus contaminated, but none of the aphids in either group was able to infect caged, healthy turnip plants with black rot.

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Weed Management in Small Grains Harvested for Grain

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-wg009-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Jason Ferrell ◽

Gregory MacDonald ◽

Pratap Devkota

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Management Practices ◽

Good Management ◽

Small Grains ◽

Crop Competition

Successful weed control in small grains involves using good management practices in all phases of production. In Florida, winter weeds compete with small grains for moisture, nutrients, and light, with the greatest amount of competition occurring during the first six to eight weeks after planting. Weeds also cause harvest problems the following spring when the small grain is mature. This 4-page publication discusses crop competition, knowing your weeds, and chemical control. Written by J. A. Ferrell, G. E. MacDonald, and P. Devkota, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2020.

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Weed Management in Peanuts

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-wg008-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Pratap Devkota

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Application Rate ◽

Good Management ◽

Peanut Production

Successful weed control in peanuts involves use of good management practices in all phases of peanut production. This 11-page document lists herbicide products registered for use in Florida peanut production, their mode of actions group, application rate per acre and per season, and reentry interval. It also discusses the performance of these herbicides on several weeds under Florida conditions. Written by J. A. Ferrell, G. E. MacDonald, and P. Devkota, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2020.

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