Paradise Lost: Climate Change, Boreal Forests, and Environmental History

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Langston
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Paradise Lost

ICDP PROJECT DEEPCHALLA: RECONSTRUCTING ~250,000 YEARS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY ON THE EAST AFRICAN EQUATOR

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Verschuren ◽  
◽  
Maarten Van Daele ◽  
Chris Wolff ◽  
Nicholas Waldmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
East African

The Historiography of Environmental History

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Industrial Pollution ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discusses the emergence of environmental history, which developed in the context of the environmental concerns that began in the 1960s with worries about local industrial pollution, but which has since evolved into a full-scale global crisis of climate change. Environmental history is ‘the history of the relationship between human societies and the rest of nature’. It includes three chief areas of inquiry: the study of material environmental history, political and policy-related environmental history, and a form of environmental history which concerns what humans have thought, believed, written, and more rarely, painted, sculpted, sung, or danced that deals with the relationship between society and nature. Since 1980, environmental history has come to flourish in many corners of the world, and scholars everywhere have found models, approaches, and perspectives rather different from those developed for the US context.

scholarly journals On storiation and what is washed ashore: The Anthropocene as big kahuna

2021 ◽  
pp. 204382062110174
Author(s):  
Elena Burgos Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Critical Perspective

This commentary begins by outlining current debates on the notion of the Anthropocene from a critical perspective. Subsequently, it will discuss how Pugh and Chandler (2021) directly address such a problematic and how their work contributes to pluralising contemporary academic debates on the Anthropocene. Their previous academic engagements are no stranger to questions of epistemic discrimination in the broad fields of geography, geopolitics, island studies, and social research, and, more concretely, mainstreamed anthropological thinking. This commentary will therefore focus on their call for storiation and its relevance for contemporary debates seeking more ethical, localised, fluid, and coherent approaches to environmental degradation, environmental history, island identity, geopolitics of climate change, and indigeneity. From all the shapes storiation can take, this commentary focuses on indigenous storiation as embodiment.

scholarly journals Effect of environmental history on the habitat-forming kelp Macrocystis pyrifera responses to ocean acidification and warming: a physiological and molecular approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela A. Fernández ◽  
Jorge M. Navarro ◽  
Carolina Camus ◽  
Rodrigo Torres ◽  
Alejandro H. Buschmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Natural Variability ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Mesocosm Experiments

AbstractThe capacity of marine organisms to adapt and/or acclimate to climate change might differ among distinct populations, depending on their local environmental history and phenotypic plasticity. Kelp forests create some of the most productive habitats in the world, but globally, many populations have been negatively impacted by multiple anthropogenic stressors. Here, we compare the physiological and molecular responses to ocean acidification (OA) and warming (OW) of two populations of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera from distinct upwelling conditions (weak vs strong). Using laboratory mesocosm experiments, we found that juvenile Macrocystis sporophyte responses to OW and OA did not differ among populations: elevated temperature reduced growth while OA had no effect on growth and photosynthesis. However, we observed higher growth rates and NO3− assimilation, and enhanced expression of metabolic-genes involved in the NO3− and CO2 assimilation in individuals from the strong upwelling site. Our results suggest that despite no inter-population differences in response to OA and OW, intrinsic differences among populations might be related to their natural variability in CO2, NO3− and seawater temperatures driven by coastal upwelling. Further work including additional populations and fluctuating climate change conditions rather than static values are needed to precisely determine how natural variability in environmental conditions might influence a species’ response to climate change.

scholarly journals Mass occurrence and habitat selection of Common Redpolls (Carduelis flammea) after a large seed crop year: snow-covered ground facilitates food access

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Dale
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Large Seed ◽  
Mass Occurrence ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Ecosystem Changes ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractIn boreal forests, food supplies typically have cyclic variations, and many species here fluctuate in numbers from year to year. One group of species showing large variations in population size is birds specialized on seeds from masting trees. Here, I analyze spatial patterns of a mass occurrence and habitat selection of the Common Redpoll (Carduelis flammea) during the breeding season in southeastern Norway in 2020 after a year with large seed crops from Norway Spruce (Picea abies) and Downy Birch (Betula pubescens). I found that Common Redpoll numbers increased with elevation and towards the northwest. Numbers were also strongly and positively correlated with snow depth in early April when snow was present mainly above 400 m elevation. Sites with snow cover in early April (30% of all sites) held 96.4% of all individuals recorded. Field observations indicated that Common Redpolls foraged extensively for spruce seeds on the snow until the end of May when young were independent. I suggest that the mass occurrence was due to a unique combination of exceptionally large seed crops of two tree species coinciding in the same year. The masting produced large amounts of food both for overwintering (birch seeds) and for breeding (spruce seeds), and during the breeding season snow cover facilitated access to food resources. Dependency of Common Redpolls on snow cover suggests that climate change may negatively impact some seed-eaters in boreal regions. On the other hand, higher temperatures may induce more frequent masting which may be beneficial for seed-eaters. Thus, climate change is likely to lead to complex ecosystem changes in areas where snow cover may disappear.

Sensitivity of aboveground biomass and species composition to climate change in boreal forests of Northeastern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 445 ◽  
pp. 109472
Author(s):  
Chao Huang ◽  
Yu Liang ◽  
Hong S. He ◽  
Mia M. Wu ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Northeastern China

A multiproxy record of sedimentation, pedogenesis, and environmental history in the north of West Siberia during the late Pleistocene based on the Belaya Gora section

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sheinkman ◽  
Sergey Sedov ◽  
Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh ◽  
Elena Bezrukova ◽  
Dmitriy Dobrynin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
The North ◽  
Mis 5

Abstract Recent revision of the Pleistocene glaciation boundaries in northern Eurasia has encouraged the search for nonglacial geological records of the environmental history of northern West Siberia. We studied an alluvial paleosol-sedimentary sequence of the high terrace of the Vakh River (middle Ob basin) to extract the indicators of environmental change since Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 6. Two levels of the buried paleosols are attributed to MIS 5 and MIS 3, as evidenced by U/Th and radiocarbon dates. Palynological and pedogenetic characteristics of the lower pedocomplex recorded the climate fluctuations during MIS 5, from the Picea-Larix taiga environment during MIS 5e to the establishment of the tundra-steppe environment due to the cooling of MIS 5d or MIS 5b and partial recovery of boreal forests with Picea and Pinus in MIS 5c or MIS 5a. The upper paleosol level shows signs of cryogenic hydromorphic pedogenesis corresponding to the tundra landscape, with permafrost during MIS 3. Boulders incorporated in a laminated alluvial deposit between the paleosols are dropstones brought from the Enisei valley by ice rafting during the cold MIS 4. An abundance of eolian morphostructures on quartz grains from the sediments that overly the upper paleosol suggests a cold, dry, and windy environment during the MIS 2 cryochron.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of managed boreal forests in Finland to climate change, with implications for adaptive management

2007 ◽  
Vol 363 (1501) ◽  
pp. 2339-2349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seppo Kellomäki ◽  
Heli Peltola ◽  
Tuula Nuutinen ◽  
Kari T Korhonen ◽  
Harri Strandman
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Forests ◽  
Climate Change Model

This study investigated the sensitivity of managed boreal forests to climate change, with consequent needs to adapt the management to climate change. Model simulations representing the Finnish territory between 60 and 70° N showed that climate change may substantially change the dynamics of managed boreal forests in northern Europe. This is especially probable at the northern and southern edges of this forest zone. In the north, forest growth may increase, but the special features of northern forests may be diminished. In the south, climate change may create a suboptimal environment for Norway spruce. Dominance of Scots pine may increase on less fertile sites currently occupied by Norway spruce. Birches may compete with Scots pine even in these sites and the dominance of birches may increase. These changes may reduce the total forest growth locally but, over the whole of Finland, total forest growth may increase by 44%, with an increase of 82% in the potential cutting drain. The choice of appropriate species and reduced rotation length may sustain the productivity of forest land under climate change.

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