A multiproxy record of sedimentation, pedogenesis, and environmental history in the north of West Siberia during the late Pleistocene based on the Belaya Gora section

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sheinkman ◽  
Sergey Sedov ◽  
Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh ◽  
Elena Bezrukova ◽  
Dmitriy Dobrynin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
The North ◽  
Mis 5

Abstract Recent revision of the Pleistocene glaciation boundaries in northern Eurasia has encouraged the search for nonglacial geological records of the environmental history of northern West Siberia. We studied an alluvial paleosol-sedimentary sequence of the high terrace of the Vakh River (middle Ob basin) to extract the indicators of environmental change since Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 6. Two levels of the buried paleosols are attributed to MIS 5 and MIS 3, as evidenced by U/Th and radiocarbon dates. Palynological and pedogenetic characteristics of the lower pedocomplex recorded the climate fluctuations during MIS 5, from the Picea-Larix taiga environment during MIS 5e to the establishment of the tundra-steppe environment due to the cooling of MIS 5d or MIS 5b and partial recovery of boreal forests with Picea and Pinus in MIS 5c or MIS 5a. The upper paleosol level shows signs of cryogenic hydromorphic pedogenesis corresponding to the tundra landscape, with permafrost during MIS 3. Boulders incorporated in a laminated alluvial deposit between the paleosols are dropstones brought from the Enisei valley by ice rafting during the cold MIS 4. An abundance of eolian morphostructures on quartz grains from the sediments that overly the upper paleosol suggests a cold, dry, and windy environment during the MIS 2 cryochron.

Impact of climate and humans on the range dynamics of the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) in Europe during MIS 2

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Nadachowski ◽  
Grzegorz Lipecki ◽  
Mateusz Baca ◽  
Michał Żmihorski ◽  
Jarosław Wilczyński
Keyword(s):  
East European Plain ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Mammuthus Primigenius ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Maximum Expansion ◽  
East European ◽  
The North ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Woolly Mammoth

AbstractThe woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) was widespread in almost all of Europe during the late Pleistocene. However, its distribution changed because of population fluctuations and range expansions and reductions. During Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 2 (MIS 2), these processes were highly dynamic. Our analyses of 318 radiocarbon dates from 162 localities, obtained directly from mammoth material, confirmed important changes in mammoth range between ~28.6 and ~14.1 ka. The Greenland stadial 3 interval (27.5–23.3 ka) was the time of maximum expansion of the mammoth in Europe during MIS 2. The continuous range was soon fragmented and reduced, resulting in the disappearance of Mammuthus during the last glacial maximum from ~21.4 to ~19.2 ka in all parts of the North European Plain. It is not clear whether mammoths survived in the East European Plain. The mammoth returned to Europe soon after ~19.0 ka, and for the next 3–4 millennia played an important role in the lifeways of Epigravettian societies in eastern Europe. Mammoths became extinct in most of Europe by ~14.0 ka, except for core areas such as the far northeast of Europe, where they survived until the beginning of the Holocene. No significant correlation was found between the distribution of the mammoth in Europe and human activity.

Ice Complex formation on Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (New Siberian Archipelago, East Siberian Arctic) since about 200 ka

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 530-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Wetterich ◽  
Natalia Rudaya ◽  
Vladislav Kuznetsov ◽  
Fedor Maksimov ◽  
Thomas Opel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Interglacial Period ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Transport Patterns ◽  
Mis 5 ◽  
Ice Complex

AbstractLate Quaternary landscapes of unglaciated Beringia were largely shaped by ice-wedge polygon tundra. Ice Complex (IC) strata preserve such ancient polygon formations. Here we report on the Yukagir IC from Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island in northeastern Siberia and suggest that new radioisotope disequilibria (230Th/U) dates of the Yukagir IC peat confirm its formation during the Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 7a–c interglacial period. The preservation of the ice-rich Yukagir IC proves its resilience to last interglacial and late glacial–Holocene warming. This study compares the Yukagir IC to IC strata of MIS 5, MIS 3, and MIS 2 ages exposed on Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island. Besides high intrasedimental ice content and syngenetic ice wedges intersecting silts, sandy silts, the Yukagir IC is characterized by high organic matter (OM) accumulation and low OM decomposition of a distinctive Drepanocladus moss-peat. The Yukagir IC pollen data reveal grass-shrub-moss tundra indicating rather wet summer conditions similar to modern ones. The stable isotope composition of Yukagir IC wedge ice is similar to those of the MIS 5 and MIS 3 ICs pointing to similar atmospheric moisture generation and transport patterns in winter. IC data from glacial and interglacial periods provide insights into permafrost and climate dynamics since about 200 ka.

Paleoclimate and vegetation reconstruction of Abric Romani (Capellades, Spain) during MIS-3, 4, and MIS-5 (a-d)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demet Biltekin ◽  
Francesc Burjachs ◽  
Josep Vallverdú ◽  
Warren D. Sharp ◽  
Regina Mertz-Kraus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Climate History ◽  
Vegetation Reconstruction ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
The North ◽  
Abric Romaní ◽  
Mis 5

<p><strong>Paleoclimate and vegetation reconstruction of Abric Romani (Capellades, Spain) during MIS-3, 4, and MIS-5 (a-d)</strong></p><p>Demet Biltekin<sup>1,2</sup>, Francesc Burjachs<sup>1,3,4</sup>, Josep Vallverdú<sup>1,4</sup>, Warren D. Sharp<sup>5</sup>, Regina Mertz-Kraus<sup>6</sup>, M. Gema Chacón<sup>1,4</sup>,  Palmira Saladié<sup>1,4</sup>, James L. Bischoff<sup>5</sup>, Eudald Carbonell<sup>1,4</sup></p><p> </p><p><sup>1</sup>Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolucio Social (IPHES), Zona Educacional 4, Campus Sescelades URV, edifici W3, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.</p><p><sup>2</sup>Istanbul Technical University, Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Ayazağa Campus, Maslak, Sarıyer, 34469, Istanbul/Turkey</p><p><sup>3</sup>ICREA, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.</p><p><sup>4</sup>URV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Lletres, Avinguda Catalunya, 35, 43002 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.</p><p><sup>5</sup>Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, CA 94709, United States.</p><p><sup>6</sup>Institute for Geosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.</p><p> </p><p>This new pollen data provides the vegetation and climate history during ca. 110 ka-55 ka BP from Abric Romaní archaeological site using pollen analysis of a 30 m-long sedimentary sequence. The beginning of the MIS 3 starts an abundance in steppes and herbs, indicating cold and dry climate in the region. However, this was replaced by a slight increase in deciduous Quercus and Mediterranean trees. During the MIS 4, the pollen records reflect a predominance of Artemisia steppes and herbaceous communities (Poaceae and Asteraceae families), indicating dry and cold conditions in Abric Romaní. The MIS 5 was well recorded with its substages, including 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d. The MIS 5d is characterized by Pinus and Artemisia steppes with herbaceous assemblages. The higher abundance of Artemisia during the second part of the MIS 5b, reflecting cold and dry climate, while temperate forest and Mediterranean trees decline. Mélisey II stadial was marked by an increase in Artemisia and herbs. This suggests that cold climatic conditions existed during this time period. The abundance of oaks during the MIS 5c indicate warmer and humid climate in the region. Other deciduous and broadleaved forest developed as well, including Ulmus, Viburnum, Juglans and Castanea. A short cooling Montaigu event was also recorded within this interstadial, which is dominated by a high percentage of Ericaceae with Artemisia. The first part of the MIS 5a is characterized by Corylus, Carpinus, Hedera, Ulmus, Betula, pointing to warmer climatic conditions. In contrast, the high amount of Artemisia steppes may indicate an enhanced degree of continentality during the second half of the MIS 5a in the north-eastern Iberian Peninsula.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> paleovegetation, climate, pollen analysis, Late Pleistocene, Spain</p>

scholarly journals Preliminary paleoenvironmental analysis of permafrost deposits at Batagaika megaslump, Yana Uplands, northeast Siberia

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian B. Murton ◽  
Mary E. Edwards ◽  
Anatoly V. Lozhkin ◽  
Patricia M. Anderson ◽  
Grigoriy N. Savvinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Sand ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Stratigraphic Sequence ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Mis 3 ◽  
Eolian Sand ◽  
Sand Sheet ◽  
Mis 5 ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Analysis ◽  
Key Questions

AbstractA megaslump at Batagaika, in northern Yakutia, exposes a remarkable stratigraphic sequence of permafrost deposits ~50–80 m thick. To determine their potential for answering key questions about Quaternary environmental and climatic change in northeast Siberia, we carried out a reconnaissance study of their cryostratigraphy and paleoecology, supported by four rangefinder 14C ages. The sequence includes two ice complexes separated by a unit of fine sand containing narrow syngenetic ice wedges and multiple paleosols. Overall, the sequence developed as permafrost grew syngenetically through an eolian sand sheet aggrading on a hillslope. Wood remains occur in two forest beds, each associated with a reddened weathering horizon. The lower bed contains high amounts of Larix pollen (>20%), plus small amounts of Picea and Pinus pumila, and is attributed to interglacial conditions. Pollen from the overlying sequence is dominated by herbaceous taxa (~70%–80%) attributed to an open tundra landscape during interstadial climatic conditions. Of three hypothetical age schemes considered, we tentatively attribute much of the Batagaika sequence to Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 3. The upper and lower forest beds may represent a mid–MIS 3 optimum and MIS 5, respectively, although we cannot discount alternative attributions to MIS 5 and 7.

Chronology of Laurentide glaciation in New Jersey and the New York City area, United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Scott D. Stanford ◽  
Byron D. Stone ◽  
John C. Ridge ◽  
Ron W. Witte ◽  
Richard R. Pardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
York City ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
City Area ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
The North ◽  
Mis 5

Abstract Deposits of at least three glaciations are present in New Jersey and the New York City area. The oldest deposits are magnetically reversed. Pollen and stratigraphic relations suggest that they are from the earliest Laurentide advance at ~2.4 Ma. Deposits of a second advance are overlain by peat dated to 41 ka and so are pre-Marine Isotope Stage (pre-MIS) 2. Their relation to marine deposits indicates that they predate MIS 5 but postdate MIS 11 and may postdate MIS 7 or 9, suggesting an MIS 6 age. The most recent deposits are of MIS 2 (last glacial maximum [LGM]) age. Radiocarbon dates and varve counts tied to glacial-lake events indicate that LGM ice arrived at its terminus at 25 ka, stood at the terminus until ~24 ka, retreated at a rate of 80 m/yr until 23.5 ka, and then retreated at a rate of 12 m/yr to 18 ka. At 18 ka the retreat record connects to the base of the North American Varve Chronology at Newburgh, New York. The 25–24 ka age for the LGM is slightly younger than, but within the uncertainty of, cosmogenic ages; it is significantly older than the oldest dated macrofossils in postglacial deposits in the region.

scholarly journals Modelling the Neolithic dispersal in northern Eurasia

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Dolukhanov ◽  
Anvar Shrukov
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
North West ◽  
East European ◽  
The North ◽  
Rate Of Spread ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Comprehensieve lists of radiocarbon dates from key Early Neolithic sites in Central Europe belonging to the Linear pottery Ceramic Culture (LBK) and early pottery-bearing cultures in the East European Plain were analysed with the use of the x2 test. The dates from the LBK sites form a statistically homogeneous set, with a probability distribution similar to a single-date Gaussian curve. This implies the rate of expansion of the LBK in Central Europe being in excess of 4 km/yr. Early potter-bearing sites on the East European Plain exhibit a much broader probability distribution of dates, with a spatio-temporal trend directed from the south-east to the north-west. The rate of spread of pottery-making is in the order of 1 km/yr, i.e., comparable to the average expansion rate of the Neolithic in Western and Central Europe.

Paleoclimate and growth rates of speleothems in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula over the last two glacial cycles

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M. Stoll ◽  
Ana Moreno ◽  
Ana Mendez-Vicente ◽  
Saul Gonzalez-Lemos ◽  
Montserrat Jimenez-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Surface ◽  
North African ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
Glacial Cycles ◽  
Climatic Forcing ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Summer Insolation ◽  
The North ◽  
Mis 5 ◽  
Northwestern Iberian Peninsula

Speleothem growth requires humid climates sufficiently warm to stimulate soil CO2 production by plants. We compile 283 U/Th dates on 21 stalagmites from six cave systems in the NW coast of Spain to evaluate if there are patterns in stalagmite growth that are evidence of climatic forcing. In the oldest stalagmites, from marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 7–5, growth persists through the glacial period. Hiatuses and major reductions in growth rate occur during extreme minima in summer insolation. Stalagmites active during the last interglaciation cease growth at the MIS 5–4 boundary (74 ka), when regional sea-surface temperature cooled significantly. During MIS 3, only two stalagmites grew; rates were highest between 50 and 60 ka during the maximum in summer insolation. One stalagmite grew briefly at 41 ka, 36.5 and 28.6 ka, all during warm phases of the Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles. A pronounced Holocene optimum in stalagmite growth occurs from 9 to 6 ka. The cessation of most growth by 4.1 ka, coincident with broad increases in aridity over the Mediterranean and areas influenced by the North African Monsoon, suggest that regions such as NW Spain, with dominant Atlantic moisture sources, also experienced increased aridity at this time.

Hunter-Gatherer Pottery and Charred Residue Dating: New Results on Early Ceramics in the North Eurasian Forest Zone

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1033-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sönke Hartz ◽  
Elena Kostyleva ◽  
Henny Piezonka ◽  
Thomas Terberger ◽  
Natalya Tsydenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Eurasia ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Reservoir Effect ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Ceramic ◽  
Freshwater Reservoir ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Upper Volga Region

This article discusses 18 accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates from the peat bog sites Sakhtysh 2a, Ozerki 5, and Ozerki 17 in the Upper Volga region. The aim is to contribute to a better understanding of the emergence and dispersal of early ceramic traditions in northern Eurasia and their connection to the Baltic. With 1 exception, all dates were obtained from charred residue adhering to the sherd. A possible reservoir effect was tested on 1 piece of pottery from Sakhtysh 2a by taking 1 sample from charred residue, and another sample from plant fiber remains. Although a reservoir effect was able to be ruled out in this particular case, 4 other dates from Sakhtysh 2a and Ozerki 5 seem too old on typological grounds and might have been affected by freshwater reservoir effects. Considering all other reliable dates, the Early Neolithic Upper Volga culture, and with it the adoption of ceramics, in the forest zone of European Russia started around 6000 cal BC.

scholarly journals Two Late Quaternary Pollen Records from South-Central Alaska

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Anderson ◽  
A. V. Lozhkin ◽  
W. R. Eisner ◽  
M. V. Kozhevnikova ◽  
D. M. Hopkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
Future Global Warming ◽  
Pollen Records

ABSTRACT Pollen records from Wonder and Ten Mile lakes, located at aititudinal treeline to the north and south of the Alaska Range respectively, document the vegetation history of a portion of the southern Alaskan boreal forest. The new pollen diagrams indicate a Betula shrub tundra, preceded at Wonder Lake by a sparse herb tundra, which characterized these two areas during latest Wisconsinan times. Populus was in the vicinity of Ten Mile Lake ca. 10,000 BP, but was apparently absent from Wonder Lake. Picea glauca grew at or near Ten Mile Lake by 9100 BP, with P. mariana becoming important ca. 7000 BP. The first forests at Wonder Lake were also dominated by P. glauca and followed by increased numbers of P. mariana. The timing of forest establishment at Wonder Lake is uncertain due to problematic radiocarbon dates. Alnus appears to be common in both regions by ca. 7000 BP. These records suggest that paleo-vegetational reconstructions are more difficult for the southern than northern boreal forests in Alaska because of greater topographic diversity, difficulties with over-representation of some pollen taxa, and problems with radiocarbon dating. Despite these concerns, available data from south-central Alaska suggest that southern and northern forests differ in their vegetational histories. Such differences, when related to temperature fluctuations that have been postulated for the Holocene, imply that the Alaskan boreal forest may not respond uniformly to future global warming.

A Medieval Burial from Graham Street, Leith, Edinburgh

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Paul R. J. Duffy ◽  
Olivia Lelong
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Research Division ◽  
The North ◽  
The Individual

Summary An archaeological excavation was carried out at Graham Street, Leith, Edinburgh by Glasgow University Archaeological Research Division (GUARD) as part of the Historic Scotland Human Remains Call-off Contract following the discovery of human remains during machine excavation of a foundation trench for a new housing development. Excavation demonstrated that the burial was that of a young adult male who had been interred in a supine position with his head orientated towards the north. Radiocarbon dates obtained from a right tibia suggest the individual died between the 15th and 17th centuries AD. Little contextual information exists in documentary or cartographic sources to supplement this scant physical evidence. Accordingly, it is difficult to further refine the context of burial, although a possible link with a historically attested siege or a plague cannot be discounted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document