scholarly journals TMAO (trimethylamine n-oxide) as a potential biomarker of individual severe stress perception in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-vulnerable patients after acute myocardial infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Von Lewinski ◽  
D Enko ◽  
H P Rotenhaeusler ◽  
O Amouzadeh-Ghadikolai ◽  
H Harpf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Severe Stress ◽  
Stress Perception ◽  
Vulnerable Patients ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Ptsd Symptomatology

Abstract Background Acute myocardial infarction is not only a somatic disease but potentially triggers psychological effects, too. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common stress-related disorder. It is characterized by numerous symptoms, such as flashbacks, intrusions, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable, intense and disturbing thoughts and feelings related to the traumatic experience. However, with regard to the development of PTSD, individual stress perception might be crucial since not every serious traumatic experience leads to PTSD. To date, almost no biological correlates of an individual's perception of stress have been identified as being associated with the long-term development of PTSD. Objective The aim of the study was to determine whether blood levels of TMAO vary immediately after AMI (1) in patients with or without depression, and (2) in patients with AMI induced PTSD symptomatology (subsyndromal PTSD and full PTSD). Furthermore, we investigated whether TMAO is a potential biomarker that might be useful in the prediction of PTSD symptomatology in the long term. Method A total of 114 AMI patients were assessed with standardized clinical psychiatric interviews based on the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) after admission to the hospital and 6 months later. In addition, the CAPS-5 was used to explore PTSD symptoms (subsyndromal PTSD and full PTSD) 6 months after AMI. To assess patients' TMAO status, serum samples were collected at hospitalization and 6 months after AMI. Results Study participants with post-myocardial infarction PTSD symptomatology (subsyndromal PTSD and full PTSD) had significantly higher TMAO levels immediately after AMI than patients without PTSD symptoms (ANCOVA: TMAO (PTSD x time), F = 4.544, df = 1, p=0.035). In contrast, depressive symptomatology 6 months after AMI had no influence on TMAO levels (TMAO (depression x time), F = 0.083, df = 1, p=0.774). With the inclusion of additional clinical predictors in a hierarchical logistic regression model, TMAO becomes a significant predictor of PTSD symptomatology. Conclusions An elevated TMAO level immediately after AMI might reflect severe stress in PTSD-vulnerable patients, which might also lead to a short-term increased gut permeability to trimethylamine (TMA), the precursor of TMAO. Thus, elevated TMAO might be a biological correlate for stress that is associated with vulnerability to PTSD and might help to identify patients at increased risk. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

“Imagine your neighbor mows the lawn”: a pilot study of psychological sequelae due to awake craniotomy

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 1288-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Milian ◽  
Ralf Luerding ◽  
Annette Ploppa ◽  
Karlheinz Decker ◽  
Tsambika Psaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Awake Craniotomy ◽  
Awake Surgery ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Sequelae ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Distressing Recollections

Object Although it has been reported that awake neurosurgical procedures are well tolerated, the long-term occurrence of general psychological sequelae has not yet been investigated. This study assessed the frequency and effects of psychological symptoms after an awake craniotomy on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Methods Sixteen patients undergoing an awake surgery were surveyed with a self-developed questionnaire, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Inventory For Awake Surgery Patients, which adopts the core components of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) criteria. The mean time between surgery and data collection was 97.3 ± 93.2 weeks. Health-related quality of life was assessed with the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Results Forty-four percent of the patients stated that they had experienced either repetitive distressing recollections or dreams related to the awake surgery, 18.8% stated persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the awake surgery, and symptoms of increased arousal occurred in 62.5%. Two patients presented with postoperative psychological sequelae resembling PTSD symptoms. Younger age at surgery and female sex were risk factors for symptoms of increased arousal. The experience of intense anxiety during awake surgery appears to favor the development of postsurgical PTSD symptoms, while recurrent distressing recollections particularly affect HRQOL negatively. Conclusions In many cases awake craniotomy is necessary to preserve language and motor function. However, in some cases awake craniotomy can lead to postoperative psychological sequelae resembling PTSD symptoms. Therefore, possible long-term effects of an awake surgery should be considered and discussed with the patient when planning this type of surgery.

Characterization, Conceptualization, and Treatment of Sleep Disturbances in PTSD

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward F. Pace-Schott ◽  
Ryan Bottary
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
First Line ◽  
Core Feature ◽  
Treatment Considerations ◽  
Sleep Abnormalities ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Subjective Reports ◽  
Ptsd Symptomatology

This chapter reviews the commonly observed sleep-related symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Sleep disturbances, such as insomnia and trauma-related recurrent nightmares, are extremely common in PTSD and have long been recognized as a core feature of the condition. They appear to play an important role in the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms; however, first-line treatments do not specifically address sleep. The discussion in this chapter focuses on both subjective reports of sleep disturbance and objectively measured sleep abnormalities. It summarizes the contemporary theoretical pathways in which sleep disturbances and abnormalities may contribute to the development and maintenance of PTSD symptomatology. It concludes with a discussion of clinically relevant sleep-related treatment considerations for patients with PTSD.

Quality of life and depression during hospitalization for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to predict quality of life and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms at 6 months post-transplant.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (29_suppl) ◽  
pp. 215-215
Author(s):  
Areej El-Jawahri ◽  
Harry VanDusen ◽  
Lara Traeger ◽  
Joel Fishbein ◽  
Tanya Keenan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

215 Background: Patients undergoinghematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) experience a steep deterioration in quality of life (QOL) and mood during hospitalization for HCT. The impact of this deterioration on patients’ long-term QOL and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is unknown. Methods: We conducted a prospective longitudinal study of patients hospitalized for HCT. At baseline (day-6), day+1, day+8, and 6 months post-HCT, we assessed QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplantation [FACT-BMT]) and mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]). We used the PTSD Checklist to assess for PTSD symptoms at 6 months. We used multivariable linear regression models to identify predictors of QOL and PTSD symptoms at 6 months post-HCT. Results: We enrolled 97% (90/93) of consecutively eligible patients undergoing autologous (n = 30), myeloablative allogeneic (n = 30), or reduced intensity allogeneic (n = 30) HCT. Overall, patients’ QOL at 6 months (mean FACT-BMT: 110, 95%CI [104-116]) recovered to baseline pre-transplant values (mean FACT-BMT: 110, 95% CI [107-115]). At 6 months, 28.4% of participants met provisional diagnostic criteria for PTSD, and 43.3% had clinically significant depression. In multivariable regression analyses adjusting for baseline QOL, mood, other covariates, change in QOL and depression scores during hospitalization for HCT predicted impaired QOL (DQOL β = 1.13, P < 0.0001, D HADS-depression β = 2.51, P = 0.001) and PTSD symptoms (DQOL β = 0.50, P < 0.0001, DHADS-depression β = 1.22, P < 0.0001) at 6 months post-HCT. Conclusions: While patients’ overall QOL at 6 months post-HCT returned to baseline values, a significant proportion met provisional diagnostic criteria for PTSD and depression. The decline in QOL and increase in depressive symptoms during hospitalization for HCT were the most important predictors of long-term QOL impairment and PTSD symptoms. Future studies should evaluate whether interventions to improve QOL and reduce psychological distress during HCT may improve long-term QOL and reduce the risk of PTSD symptoms.

Reclaiming Your Life from a Traumatic Experience

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Olasov Rothbaum ◽  
Edna B. Foa ◽  
Elizabeth A. Hembree ◽  
Sheila A.M. Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Exposure Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Trauma Survivors ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Prolonged Exposure Therapy ◽  
Fear And Anxiety

This workbook, written for patients, is part of a brief cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program for individuals who are diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or who manifest PTSD symptoms that cause distress and/or dysfunction following various types of trauma. The overall aim of the treatment is to help trauma survivors emotionally process their traumatic experiences to diminish or eliminate PTSD and other trauma-related symptoms. The term “prolonged exposure” (PE) reflects the fact that the treatment program emerged from the long tradition of exposure therapy for anxiety disorders in which patients are helped to confront safe but anxiety-evoking situations to overcome their unrealistic, excessive fear and anxiety. PE is designed to get the patient in touch with these emotions and reactions. This workbook is a companion to the Therapist’s Guide, Prolonged Exposure Therapy for PTSD.

scholarly journals Changes in perceived social support and PTSD symptomatology among Danish army military personnel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette Bonde Pollmann ◽  
Anni B. S. Nielsen ◽  
Søren Bo Andersen ◽  
Karen-Inge Karstoft
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Level ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
Military Rank ◽  
Ptsd Symptomatology

Abstract Purpose Previous research has identified social support to be associated with risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among military personnel. While the lack of social support influences PTSD symptomatology, it is unknown how changes in perceived social support affect the PTSD symptom level in the aftermath of deployment. Furthermore, the influence of specific sources of social support from pre- to post-deployment on level of PTSD symptoms is unknown. We aim to examine how changes in perceived social support (overall and from specific sources) from pre- to 2.5 year post-deployment are associated with the level of post-deployment PTSD symptoms. Methods Danish army military personnel deployed to Afghanistan in 2009 and 2013 completed questionnaires at pre-deployment and at 2.5 year post-deployment measuring perceived social support and PTSD symptomatology and sample characteristics of the two cohorts. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate nominal logistic regression. Results Negative changes in perceived social support from pre- to post-deployment were associated with both moderate (OR 1.99, CI 1.51–2.57) and high levels (OR 2.71, CI 1.94–3.78) of PTSD symptoms 2.5 year post-deployment (adjusted analysis). Broadly, the same direction was found for specific sources of social support and level of PTSD symptoms. In the adjusted analyses, pre-deployment perceived social support and military rank moderated the associations. Conclusions Deterioration in perceived social support (overall and specific sources) from pre- to 2.5 year post-deployment increases the risk of an elevated level of PTSD symptoms 2.5 year post-deployment.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Trajectories of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD) in Medical Staff After Outbreak of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Sheng ◽  
Rong Wang ◽  
Ming Yao ◽  
Qinghe Zhou ◽  
Zhihong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Background: In the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, medical staff is the main force for aiding in the control of the rapid spread. They have to risk lives to undertake the high-pressure task which may cause immediate and long-term psychological problems. This study aims to explore the trajectories of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) over time after the outbreak and determine predictors associated with each trajectory. Methods: 448 medical workers participated in the investigation and completed the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Self-Rating Scale (PTSD-SS) for the first PTSD screening at 1 month after the outbreak and 259 (57.81%) of them finished the second round at 12 months. According to whether the medical staff had close contact with the COVID-19 patient, participants were divided into close contact group (CC group) and non-close contact group (non-CC group). While in each group, subgroups were created based on the time-varying changes of developing PTSD. Distinct patterns of PTSD symptom trajectories were established according to the different development of PTSD in respective subgroup. Then, repeated-measure analysis of variance(ANOVA), bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine predictors for trajectory membership.Results: Four trajectories of PTSD symptoms were found both in CC and non-CC group, namely, resilience (25.28%, 45.24%, respectively), recovery (36.26%, 32.74%, respectively), chronic (16.48%, 10.71%, respectively), and delayed (21.98%, 11.31%, respectively). ANOVA revealed that PTSD scores were significantly changed through time both in CCs and non- CCs. With bivariate and multivariate analyses, several socio-demographic predictors and work experience related factors were found in the CC group, while limited ones in the non-CC group. This means that although the trajectory trends are similar between these two groups, the methods of psychological intervention may need to be treated differently. Furthermore, CC group had less resilient individuals (p=0.002) and more delayed PTSD sufferers (p=0.022) compared with non-CC medical staff, which suggest that CCs were more likely to experience PTSD course and encounter long-term psychological problems.Conclusions: A considerable number of medical personnel have long-term PTSD, both in CC group and non-CC group, which deserve public attention. Identified factors may indicate preventive and treatment interventions for medical workers with PTSD symptoms.

Trauma and Traumatic Stress among Missionaries

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
North American Population ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Civil Unrest ◽  
Traumatic Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Mission Field

Research was conducted to determine the extent and nature of traumatic events experienced by missionaries and the extent to which missionaries reported Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms due to traumatic exposure on the mission field. Ninety-four percent of missionaries reported having been exposed to trauma on the field, with 86% reporting exposure to multiple incidents. This was considerably higher than their exposure when off the field and could be attributed primarily to an increased risk of exposure to civil unrest and violent crime. Less than half of the missionaries reported symptoms at a level necessary for a diagnosis of PTSD at their most difficult period of adjustment to their most distressing traumatic experience. No missionaries reported current symptoms at a level necessary for a diagnosis of PTSD. The data suggests that missionaries from North America have a greater resilience to trauma than is found in the general North American population.

Effects of Psychoeducation and Stress Coping Techniques on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 710-724
Author(s):  
Fadwa Al Mughairbi ◽  
Ahmed Abdulaziz Alnajjar ◽  
Abdalla Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Mass Trauma ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Ptsd Checklist ◽  
Management Techniques

This study examined the effects of psychoeducation and stress management techniques on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms in Libya. The 41 Libyan patients who volunteered to take part in the study were first assessed using the PTSD Checklist. They attended workshops on PTSD symptoms, stress management techniques, and communication skills on three successive days after which they were asked to answer the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations two weeks after they completed the workshops. Among the 39% of the participants who were diagnosed with PTSD prior to the intervention, 15% met the diagnostic criteria for PTSD after the intervention. The preintervention scores were consistently higher than the postintervention scores, and there were significant differences in the PTSD Checklist total score and the re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptom scores. This study concluded that in mass-trauma events such as war and natural disasters, PTSD education can reduce the PTSD symptoms of those affected. Whether the benefits of psychoeducation on the participants are long term or short term is recommended for further study due to the limitations imposed by the willingness of the participants to participate, the amount of time they are willing to stay with the program, and the duration of the psychoeducation program itself.

Are acute involuntary hospitalization related to anxiety disorders?

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
I. De Vitton ◽  
H. Delavenne ◽  
F.D. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Involuntary Hospitalization ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionAcute involuntary hospitalization is perceived as a threatening event for most of patients. Acute involuntary hospitalization of psychiatric patients is probably a major source of anxiety and may be related to anxiety disorders. Further knowledge on the anxiety disorders secondary to involuntary hospitalization may limit traumatic experience and is, indeed, of considerable importance.MethodsBibliographic review of the existing literature was conducted using MEDLINE/PubMed (1969-2010). The following key words were used “involuntary hospitalization”; “coercion”; “patient admission”; “stress disorder” “anxiety” and “posttraumatic stress disorder”. All papers in English and French were considered in this review.ResultsAlthough the impact of diverse stressful or traumatic events has been the subject of numerous publications, we found only one study in the literature dealing with PTSD symptoms related to acute involuntary hospitalization. In this article involuntarily admitted patients were not more traumatized than voluntarily admitted ones. Although coercive measures can be traumatizing, but forced medication, seclusion, or application of any coercive measure were not significantly associated with traumatizing. Reviews on involuntary hospital admission’ demonstrated negative and positive consequences on various outcome domains. Findings highlight the predominantly negative impact of physical restraint on the person restrained and their family. These findings support minimal use of restraint in health care to a relatively vulnerable group of people. But coercion can also lead to positive outcomes.ConclusionsSpecific studies concerning the impact of involuntary hospitalization, coercitive measures and forced treatment causing anxiety disorders are still needed. Discussion about its methodology and ethical aspects remains necessary.

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