scholarly journals Geographic disparities in bladder cancer incidence among men in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Mantey ◽  
S Cortaredona ◽  
V Grisoni ◽  
M De Fromont ◽  
P Albert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
The South ◽  
Geographic Disparities ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Spatial Scan ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Bladder cancer incidence is investigated in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône to provide answers to the population reporting an excess of cancer cases in industrial areas. The study aimed to describe the geographical variations of bladder cancer incidence among men and detect potential spatial clusters without point source specification. Incident cases diagnosed between 2013 and 2016 were extracted from the departmental observatory of cancers REVELA13. Age-standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for each commune and bayesian smoothed risk estimate based on the Besag, York and Mollie model were computed for incidence mapping. Morans’I, Potthoff-Whittinghill and Tango statistic tests were used to investigate global clustering and the spatial scan statistic of Kulldorf (SaTScan) was used to investigate local clustering. Analyses were adjusted on a French deprivation index, access to health-care services and population density. During the study period, 1 735 cases of bladder cancers were diagnosed among men. The study found a spatial heterogeneity (p < 0.01) and aggregation (p < 0.01) but no spatial autocorrelation (p = 0.09). Bayesian smoothed SIRs were not related to the confounding factors studied. An over-incidence was observed in the communes located in the South East of the department including Marseille, the biggest city of the study area. SaTScan algorithms detected two significant high-risk clusters in the same area (RR = 1.50 and 1.38). Introduction of each confounding factors in spatial scan detection, changed slightly the shape of clusters and/or the value of the relative risk but not the location. None high-risk cluster was detected in the communes of the industrial area. Spatial analysis provides a first answer to the population concerning an excess of risk of bladder cancer at commune level. However, more analysis should be led to identify etiological factors or common environmental exposure. Key messages Geographic disparities exist in bladder cancer incidence among men at a commune level in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône. Spatial analysis show excess of risk of bladder cancer in the south-east of the department including the urban area of Marseille.

scholarly journals Geographic disparities in bladder cancer incidence among women in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Mantey ◽  
S Cortaredona ◽  
T Martin ◽  
L Daniel ◽  
C Clément ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
National Level ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
The South ◽  
Spatial Scan Statistic ◽  
Local Cluster ◽  
Geographical Variations

Abstract While the incidence of bladder cancer begins to decline in men it increases in women related to tobacco smoking. The study aimed to describe bladder cancer among women in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône and assess their spatial distribution in order to detect potential spatial clusters. Cancer incidence data were obtained from the departmental observatory of cancers REVELA13. The characteristics of the cases registered were compared to those describe at the national level. Age-standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for each commune and bayesian smoothed risk estimate based on the Besag, York and Mollie model were computed for incidence mapping. The spatial scan statistic (SaTScan) was used to investigate local cluster. Spatial analyses were adjusted on various confounding factors as a French deprivation index, access to health-care services and population density. During the period 2013-2016, 395 cases of bladder cancers were diagnosed in women. Departmental incidence was significantly higher (3.3 cases per 100.000 inhabitants) than the national incidence (2.3). Compared to men, bladder cancers among women were diagnosed at a more advanced stage of the disease (p < 0.01). SIRs geographical variations were related to access of care but none of the communes showed any significant excess of cases. However, one significant cluster including nine districts of the biggest city (Marseille) and one neighbouring commune (RR = 1.76) was detected in the south east of the department. Spatial studies of bladder cancer in women rarely find over-incidence or clusters due to lack of power. However, this study has shown that geographical disparities exist in particular because of a lesser access to a specialist. Regarding the high prevalence of smoking among women in the south of France, practitioners need to think about bladder cancer in women with urinary signs. Key messages We identify for the first time a cluster of bladder cancers in women in France. Practitioners need to think about bladder cancers in women with urinary signs because this cancer will become a public health issue in the future.

Cancer incidence and mortality trends from 2003 to 2014 in Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlotta Buzzoni ◽  
Emanuele Crocetti ◽  
Stefano Guzzinati ◽  
Luigino Dal Maso ◽  
Silvia Francisci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Cancer Site ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
The South ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Incident Cases

Objective: To evaluate short-term (2003–2014) cancer incidence and mortality trends in Italy. Methods: Italian Cancer Registries data, available in the AIRTUM database, from 17 out of 20 regions were used. The number of incident cases and deaths were estimated for those registries and those years with incomplete information. Age-standardized rates, overall and stratified by geographic area, region, sex, cancer site, and major age group, were computed. Time trends were expressed as annual percent change of rates. Results: In Italy, among males, incidence rates for all cancers showed during 2003–2014, a significant decrease (−0.9%/year), with stronger reductions in the northwest (−1.3%/year) and northeast (−2.0%/year since 2006) than in central (−0.7%/year) and southern (−0.4%/year) areas. Among females, a weak but significant overall reduction was detected (−0.1%/year), with a stronger decrease in the northwest (−0.5%/year). Incidence increased among women in the south (0.3%/year) of Italy. Mortality decreased in both sexes (−1.0%/year among males and −0.5%/year among females), but not in the south, where rates had a stable tendency. Conclusions: Incidence among males decreased, supported by trends for prostate, lung, colorectal, and urinary bladder cancers; among females the. The overall cancer incidence trend was stable, or even decreasing, in the northern and central areas and increasing in the southern areas, due to lung, thyroid, and melanoma rising trends. Study results provided information on the outcomes, in terms of cancer incidence and mortality, of primary and secondary prevention measures employed by regional health systems.

Ongoing risk of bladder cancer among former workers at the last benzidine manufacturing facility in the USA

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106431
Author(s):  
Melissa L Millerick-May ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Carol Rice ◽  
Kenneth D Rosenman
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
White Men ◽  
Social Security Administration ◽  
Vital Status ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Incident Cases

ObjectiveTo determine whether there is an ongoing risk of developing bladder cancer in a previously studied cohort of workers exposed to both benzidine and dichlorobenzidine or dichlorobenzidine only in the last benzidine manufacturing plant in the USA.MethodsWorkers (n=488) were identified from the quarterly 941 forms the employer was required to submit to the Social Security Administration from 1960 to 1977. Exposures were assigned based on dates worked and known benzidine/dichlorobenzidine production schedules. Incidence, vital status and cause of death were determined through 2014. Analyses were restricted to white men.ResultsBladder cancer incidence and mortality were significantly increased (25 incident cases, standardised incidence ratio (SIR) 2.19, 95% CI 1.42 to 3.23, and 5 deaths, standardised mortality ratio (SMR) 3.79, 95% CI 1.23 to 8.84). There were significant increases in incidence and mortality in those exposed to both benzidine and dichlorobenzidine (SIR 3.11, 95% CI 1.97 to 4.67, SMR 4.10, 95% CI 1.12 to 10.50), but not among workers exposed to dichlorobenzidine only (two incident cases, SIR 0.89, 95% CI 0.11 to 3.23 and one death, SMR 2.90, 95% CI 0.07 to 16.15). Bladder cancer incidence and mortality were increased in individuals with >20 years since last exposure with >5 years worked (six observed, SIR 5.94, 95% CI 2.18 to 12.92 and two deaths, SMR 7.93, 95% CI 0.96 to 28.65).ConclusionsIncidence and mortality due to bladder cancer increased among workers exposed to benzidine but not among workers exposed only to dichlorobenzidine. The risk of incidence and death from bladder cancer remain elevated more than 20 years after last exposure to benzidine in those who worked >5 years.

scholarly journals Identifying hidden Zika hotspots in Pernambuco, Brazil: A spatial analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Picinini Freitas ◽  
Rachel Lowe ◽  
Andrew E. Koepp ◽  
Sandra Valongueiro Alves ◽  
Molly Dondero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Spatial Scan Statistic ◽  
Scan Statistic ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Spatial Scan ◽  
Risk Reporting

AbstractNortheast Brazil has the world’s highest rate of Zika-related microcephaly. Yet, in this hard-hit region, traditional case counts of Zika cannot accurately describe Zika risk. Reporting of Zika cases only became mandatory after its association with microcephaly in neonates, when the Zika epidemic was already declining in the region. To advance the study of the Brazilian Zika epidemic and its impacts, we identified hotspots of Zika in Pernambuco state, Northeast Brazil, using Aedes-borne diseases (dengue, chikungunya and Zika) and microcephaly data. We used the Kulldorff’s Poisson purely spatial scan statistic to detect low- and high-risk clusters and combined the results to identify the municipalities most affected by the Zika epidemic. Municipalities were classified as hotspots if they were part of any high-risk cluster, and classified according to a gradient of Zika burden during the epidemic, considering the strength of the evidence. In Pernambuco, officials confirmed 123,934 dengue cases, 167 Zika cases, and 32,983 chikungunya cases between 2014-2017, and 800 microcephaly cases between 2015-2017. We identified 26 Aedes-borne diseases clusters (11 high-risk), and 5 microcephaly cases clusters (3 high-risk). Combining the results, sixty-three out of 184 municipalities were identified as hotspots for Zika. The northeast of Pernambuco and the Sertão region were hit hardest by the Zika epidemic. The first is the most populous area, while the second has one of the highest rates of social and economic inequality in Brazil. The identification of Sertão as a Zika hotspot was only possible because the clusters results were combined. The under-reporting of acute infectious diseases is expected to be higher in poor areas. Therefore, using only Aedes-borne data does not correctly identify the high-risk areas. We successfully identified hidden Zika hotspots using a simple methodology combining Aedes-borne diseases and microcephaly information.

Bladder cancer incidence and survival in the south-eastern part of the Netherlands, 1975–1989

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1134-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A.L.M. Kiemeney ◽  
J.W.W. Coebergh ◽  
N.P. Koper ◽  
L.H. van der Heijden ◽  
R.P.E. Pauwels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern

scholarly journals Spatial Distributions and Determinants of High-risk Fertility Behavior among Women in Ethiopia: Further Analysis from 2016 Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zemenu Tadesse Tessema ◽  
Koku Sisay Tamirat
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Fertility Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: High-risk fertility behavior associated with numerous unfavorable child and maternal health outcomes such as chronic undernutrition, anemia, and child mortality. Although different studies have been conducted to assess the magnitude and effects of high-risk fertility behaviors, there are limited shreds of evidence about the geographical distributions and determinants in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the spatial distributions and determinants of high-risk fertility behavior among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Method: This study was based on secondary data analysis from the 2016 Ethiopia Demography and Health Survey. Information about 11,022 women who gave birth five years preceding the survey were extracted from the kid’s record (KR) file. For the spatial analysis ArcGIS 10.6 and Sat ScanTM 9.6, were used and for multilevel analysis, STATA 14.1 was used. Mixed effect Multivariable multilevel logistic regression model was fitted to identify determinants of high-risk fertility behavior.Result: More than three fourth (76.5%) with 95%CI (75.1 to 77.1) women had high-risk fertility behavior. From the spatial analysis, high-risk fertility behavior in Ethiopia geographically varies, the eastern and northern parts of the country such as Somalia and Tigray had an increased risk of fertility behavior. Primary education (AOR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.80) and secondary (AOR=0.73; 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.89), not ever used contraceptive (AOR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.12 1.40), unwanted pregnancy (AOR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.23 1.59), no ANC visit (AOR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.05 1.35), rural-dwelling (AOR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.04 1.51), regions of Ethiopia [Somalia (AOR=1.70,95%CI:1.24 2.32) and Amhara (AOR=0.72,95%CI:0.53 0.96)] were determinants of high risk fertility behavior.Conclusion: High-risk fertility behavior was significantly higher and geographical variations also noticed and the eastern and northern parts of the country were the hot spot areas. Education, rural residence, unwanted pregnancies, No ANC visit, and contraceptive use were determinants of high-risk fertility behavior. This suggests that areas with high-risk fertilities need special interventions to avert related complications.

273: Timing of Recurrence and Outcomes Following Induction BCG for High Risk TA, T1 Bladder Cancer - A Southwest Oncology Group Trial

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 72-72
Author(s):  
Seth P. Lerner ◽  
Cathy Tangen ◽  
Heidi Sucharew ◽  
David P. Wood ◽  
E. David Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Oncology Group ◽  
Southwest Oncology Group ◽  
Group Trial

scholarly journals Anti-HPV16 Antibody Titers Prior to an Incident Cervical HPV16/31 Infection

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1548
Author(s):  
Ana Gradissimo ◽  
Viswanathan Shankar ◽  
Fanua Wiek ◽  
Lauren St. Peter ◽  
Yevgeniy Studentsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Incident Detection ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Circulating Antibodies ◽  
Prospective Association ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Incident Cases

The goal of this study was to investigate the serological titers of circulating antibodies against human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (anti-HPV16) prior to the detection of an incident HPV16 or HPV31 infection amongst vaccinated participants. Patients were selected from a prospective post-HPV vaccine longitudinal cohort at Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center in Manhattan, NY. We performed a nested case–control study of 43 cases with incident detection of cervical HPV16 (n = 26) or HPV31 (n = 17) DNA who had completed the full set of immunizations of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (4vHPV). Two control individuals whom had received three doses of the vaccine (HPV16/31-negative) were selected per case, matched on age at the first dose of vaccination and follow-up time in the study: a random control, and a high-risk control that was in the upper quartile of a sexual risk behavior score. We conducted an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies specific to anti-HPV16 virus-like particles (VLPs). The results suggest that the average log antibody titers were higher among high-risk controls than the HPV16/31 incident cases and the randomly selected controls. We show a prospective association between anti-HPV16 VLP titers and the acquisition of an HPV16/31 incident infection post-receiving three doses of 4vHPV vaccine.

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