scholarly journals The pro1+ Gene From Sordaria macrospora Encodes a C6 Zinc Finger Transcription Factor Required for Fruiting Body Development

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Masloff ◽  
Stefanie Pöggeler ◽  
Ulrich Kück
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Cosmid Library ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Sordaria Macrospora ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Fruiting Body Development

Abstract During sexual morphogenesis, the filamentous ascomycete Sordaria macrospora differentiates into multicellular fruiting bodies called perithecia. Previously it has been shown that this developmental process is under polygenic control. To further understand the molecular mechanisms involved in fruiting body formation, we generated the protoperithecia forming mutant pro1, in which the normal development of protoperithecia into perithecia has been disrupted. We succeeded in isolating a cosmid clone from an indexed cosmid library, which was able to complement the pro1- mutation. Deletion analysis, followed by DNA sequencing, subsequently demonstrated that fertility was restored to the pro1 mutant by an open reading frame encoding a 689-amino-acid polypeptide, which we named PRO1. A region from this polypeptide shares significant homology with the DNA-binding domains found in fungal C6 zinc finger transcription factors, such as the GAL4 protein from yeast. However, other typical regions of C6 zinc finger proteins, such as dimerization elements, are absent in PRO1. The involvement of the pro1+ gene in fruiting body development was further confirmed by trying to complement the mutant phenotype with in vitro mutagenized and truncated versions of the pro1 open reading frame. Southern hybridization experiments also indicated that pro1+ homologues are present in other sexually propagating filamentous ascomycetes.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomics and Transcriptomics To Analyze Fruiting Body Development in Filamentous Ascomycetes

Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 213 (4) ◽  
pp. 1545-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Lütkenhaus ◽  
Stefanie Traeger ◽  
Jan Breuer ◽  
Laia Carreté ◽  
Alan Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Comparative Transcriptomics ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Fruiting Body Development ◽  
Genes Encoding

Many filamentous ascomycetes develop three-dimensional fruiting bodies for production and dispersal of sexual spores. Fruiting bodies are among the most complex structures differentiated by ascomycetes; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are insufficiently understood. Previous comparative transcriptomics analyses of fruiting body development in different ascomycetes suggested that there might be a core set of genes that are transcriptionally regulated in a similar manner across species. Conserved patterns of gene expression can be indicative of functional relevance, and therefore such a set of genes might constitute promising candidates for functional analyses. In this study, we have sequenced the genome of the Pezizomycete Ascodesmis nigricans, and performed comparative transcriptomics of developing fruiting bodies of this fungus, the Pezizomycete Pyronema confluens, and the Sordariomycete Sordaria macrospora. With only 27 Mb, the A. nigricans genome is the smallest Pezizomycete genome sequenced to date. Comparative transcriptomics indicated that gene expression patterns in developing fruiting bodies of the three species are more similar to each other than to nonsexual hyphae of the same species. An analysis of 83 genes that are upregulated only during fruiting body development in all three species revealed 23 genes encoding proteins with predicted roles in vesicle transport, the endomembrane system, or transport across membranes, and 13 genes encoding proteins with predicted roles in chromatin organization or the regulation of gene expression. Among four genes chosen for functional analysis by deletion in S. macrospora, three were shown to be involved in fruiting body formation, including two predicted chromatin modifier genes.

scholarly journals SdeK Is Required for Early Fruiting Body Development in Myxococcus xanthus

1998 ◽  
Vol 180 (17) ◽  
pp. 4628-4637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony G. Garza ◽  
Jeffrey S. Pollack ◽  
Baruch Z. Harris ◽  
Albert Lee ◽  
Ingrid M. Keseler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Transcriptional Start Site ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Myxococcus Xanthus ◽  
Predicted Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Developmental Program ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Fruiting Body Development

ABSTRACT Myxococcus xanthus cells carrying the Ω4408 Tn5lac insertion at the sde locus show defects in fruiting body development and sporulation. Our analysis ofsde expression patterns showed that this locus is induced early in the developmental program (0 to 2 h) and that expression increases approximately fivefold after 12 h of development. Further studies showed that expression of sde is induced as growing cells enter stationary phase, suggesting that activation of thesde locus is not limited to the developmental process. Because the peak levels of sde expression in both ansde + and an sde mutant background were similar, we conclude that the sde locus is not autoregulated. Characterization of the sde locus by DNA sequence analysis indicated that the Ω4408 insertion occurred within the sdeK gene. Primer extension analyses localized the 5′ end of sde transcript to a guanine nucleotide 307 bp upstream of the proposed start for the SdeK coding sequence. The DNA sequence in the −12 and −24 regions upstream of the sdetranscriptional start site shows similarity to the ς54family of promoters. The results of complementation studies suggest that the defects in development and sporulation caused by the Ω4408 insertion are due to an inactivation of sdeK. The predicted amino acid sequence of SdeK was found to have similarity to the sequences of the histidine protein kinases of two-component regulatory systems. Based on our results, we propose that SdeK may be part of a signal transduction pathway required for the activation and propagation of the early developmental program.

scholarly journals Functional Characterization of MAT1-1-Specific Mating-Type Genes in the Homothallic Ascomycete Sordaria macrospora Provides New Insights into Essential and Nonessential Sexual Regulators

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 894-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Klix ◽  
M. Nowrousian ◽  
C. Ringelberg ◽  
J. J. Loros ◽  
J. C. Dunlap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sordaria Macrospora ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Fruiting Body Development ◽  
Mating Type Genes ◽  
Domain Protein

ABSTRACT Mating-type genes in fungi encode regulators of mating and sexual development. Heterothallic ascomycete species require different sets of mating-type genes to control nonself-recognition and mating of compatible partners of different mating types. Homothallic (self-fertile) species also carry mating-type genes in their genome that are essential for sexual development. To analyze the molecular basis of homothallism and the role of mating-type genes during fruiting-body development, we deleted each of the three genes, SmtA-1 (MAT1-1-1), SmtA-2 (MAT1-1-2), and SmtA-3 (MAT1-1-3), contained in the MAT1-1 part of the mating-type locus of the homothallic ascomycete species Sordaria macrospora. Phenotypic analysis of deletion mutants revealed that the PPF domain protein-encoding gene SmtA-2 is essential for sexual reproduction, whereas the α domain protein-encoding genes SmtA-1 and SmtA-3 play no role in fruiting-body development. By means of cross-species microarray analysis using Neurospora crassa oligonucleotide microarrays hybridized with S. macrospora targets and quantitative real-time PCR, we identified genes expressed under the control of SmtA-1 and SmtA-2. Both genes are involved in the regulation of gene expression, including that of pheromone genes.

scholarly journals The Glyoxysomal Protease LON2 Is Involved in Fruiting-Body Development, Ascosporogenesis and Stress Resistance in Sordaria macrospora

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Antonia Werner ◽  
Kolja Otte ◽  
Gertrud Stahlhut ◽  
Leon M. Hanke ◽  
Stefanie Pöggeler
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Protein Quality Control ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Sordaria Macrospora ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Fruiting Body Development

Microbodies, including peroxisomes, glyoxysomes and Woronin bodies, are ubiquitous dynamic organelles that play important roles in fungal development. The ATP-dependent chaperone and protease family Lon that maintain protein quality control within the organelle significantly regulate the functionality of microbodies. The filamentous ascomycete Sordaria macrospora is a model organism for studying fruiting-body development. The genome of S. macrospora encodes one Lon protease with the C-terminal peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS1) serine-arginine-leucine (SRL) for import into microbodies. Here, we investigated the function of the protease SmLON2 in sexual development and during growth under stress conditions. Localization studies revealed a predominant localization of SmLON2 in glyoxysomes. This localization depends on PTS1, since a variant without the C-terminal SRL motif was localized in the cytoplasm. A ΔSmlon2 mutant displayed a massive production of aerial hyphae, and produced a reduced number of fruiting bodies and ascospores. In addition, the growth of the ΔSmlon2 mutant was completely blocked under mild oxidative stress conditions. Most of the defects could be complemented with both variants of SmLON2, with and without PTS1, suggesting a dual function of SmLON2, not only in microbody, but also in cytosolic protein quality control.

New insights from an old mutant: SPADIX4 governs fruiting body development but not hyphal fusion in Sordaria macrospora

2016 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Teichert ◽  
Miriam Lutomski ◽  
Ramona Märker ◽  
Minou Nowrousian ◽  
Ulrich Kück
Keyword(s):  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Hyphal Fusion ◽  
Sordaria Macrospora ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Fruiting Body Development

scholarly journals A MADS Box Protein Interacts with a Mating-Type Protein and Is Required for Fruiting Body Development in the Homothallic Ascomycete Sordaria macrospora

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1043-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Nolting ◽  
Stefanie Pöggeler
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Sordaria Macrospora ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Fruiting Body Development ◽  
Putative Transcription Factor ◽  
Putative Homologue

ABSTRACT MADS box transcription factors control diverse developmental processes in plants, metazoans, and fungi. To analyze the involvement of MADS box proteins in fruiting body development of filamentous ascomycetes, we isolated the mcm1 gene from the homothallic ascomycete Sordaria macrospora, which encodes a putative homologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae MADS box protein Mcm1p. Deletion of the S. macrospora mcm1 gene resulted in reduced biomass, increased hyphal branching, and reduced hyphal compartment length during vegetative growth. Furthermore, the S. macrospora Δmcm1 strain was unable to produce fruiting bodies or ascospores during sexual development. A yeast two-hybrid analysis in conjugation with in vitro analyses demonstrated that the S. macrospora MCM1 protein can interact with the putative transcription factor SMTA-1, encoded by the S. macrospora mating-type locus. These results suggest that the S. macrospora MCM1 protein is involved in the transcriptional regulation of mating-type-specific genes as well as in fruiting body development.

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