scholarly journals Short-, medium-, and long-term weight changes and all-cause mortality in old age: Findings from the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Murayama ◽  
Jersey Liang ◽  
Benjamin A Shaw ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu ◽  
Erika Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Japanese Elderly

Abstract Background Recent studies, predominantly in Western populations, suggest that both weight loss and weight gain are associated with an increased mortality risk in old age. However, evidence of this association in older Asian populations remains sparse. This study aimed to examine the association between weight change and all-cause mortality in a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older Japanese people. Methods Data were obtained from the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly, which included 4,869 adults aged ≥60 years. Participants were followed for up to 30 years. We considered three indicators of weight change according to the follow-up interval: short-term (3 years), medium-term (6–7 years), and long-term (12–13 years). Weight change was classified as loss ≥5%, loss 2.5–4.9%, stable (±2.4%), gain 2.5–4.9%, and gain ≥5%. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the relative mortality risk of each weight change category. Results Weight loss ≥5% for all intervals was associated with higher mortality than stable weight and the effects were largely similar across all three intervals (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.36 [1.22–1.51] for short-term, 1.36 [1.22–1.51] for medium-term, and 1.31 [1.11–1.54] for long-term). A similar pattern of results was observed among the young-old and old-old, and among men and women. The effect of weight loss on higher mortality was greater among those with a lower body mass index at baseline. Conclusions These findings could inform clinical and public health approaches to body-weight management aimed at improving the health and survival of older adults, particularly in Asian populations.

scholarly journals Weight Change and All-Cause Mortality in Later Life: Findings From the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 376-377
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Murayama ◽  
Jersey Liang ◽  
Benjamin Shaw ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu ◽  
Erika Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Japanese Elderly

Abstract Recent studies predominantly in Western populations suggest that both weight gain and weight loss are associated with increased mortality risk in old age. However, evidence on this topic in Asian populations remains sparse. We examined the association between weight change and all-cause mortality in a nationally-representative sample of community-dwelling older Japanese. Data came from the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly (N = 4,869, age ≥ 60 years). Participants were followed for up to 30 years. Short-term (3 years) and medium-term (6 years) weight changes were classified as “loss ≥ 5%,” “loss 2.5%–4.9%,” “stable,” “gain 2.5%–4.9%,” and “gain ≥ 5%.” Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the relative (stable weight as reference) mortality risk associated with weight change categories. Short-term weight loss ≥ 5% was associated with higher mortality compared to the stable category, after adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and health conditions (hazard ratio = 1.36; 95% confidence interval = 1.22–1.51). The other weight change categories had no significant association with mortality. This was observed both among males and females. Moreover, the same pattern of results was observed when we used the medium-term weight change indicator. In conclusion, we found that both short- and medium-term weight loss greater than 5% increased the risk of dying among older Japanese; however, other types of weight change did not. This finding could inform clinical and public health approaches to body-weight management aimed to improve the health and survival of older adults, particularly in Asian populations.

Abstract P290: Short-term Weight Change and Long-term Mortality in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy R Cook ◽  
Lawrence J Appel ◽  
Paul K Whelton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hypertension Prevention ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Introduction: Although weight loss has favorable effects on intermediate outcomes, such as blood pressure and insulin resistance, few studies have examined its effects on long-term outcomes including total mortality. Methods: In the Trials of Hypertension Prevention (TOHP) individuals aged 30-54 years with high normal BP were randomized to a weight loss intervention, to one of several other lifestyle or dietary supplement interventions, or to usual care. All participants from Phase 1 (1987-90) and Phase 2 (1990-5) were followed for mortality through 2013. The association of weight change during any of the interventions with long-term mortality up to 18-24 years after the trial periods was examined among 3828 participants who fell into a high baseline weight stratum, defined as body mass index at least 26 kg/m2 in men and 24 kg/m2 in women. Results and Conclusions: There were 1477 high-weight participants in Phase 1 and 2351 in Phase 2, of whom 21% and 50%, respectively, were assigned to a weight loss intervention. Overall, mean weight change during the trial period was -1.8 lbs (-0.8% of baseline body weight) over 1.5 years in Phase 1 and 1.6 lbs (0.8%) over 3-4 years in Phase 2. A total of 556 (15%) lost > 5%, 1,101 (29%) lost <=5%, 1,567 (41%) gained less than 5%, and 604 (16%) gained > 5% in body weight. Corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) for total mortality were 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.57-1.18), 0.94 (95% CI=0.72-1.23), 1.00 (reference), and 1.29 (95% CI=0.92-1.80) (p-trend = 0.046). There was a direct linear relationship with percent change in weight during the trial period and later mortality (HR=1.14 per 5% change, 95% CI=1.02-1.28, p=0.019). This association persisted throughout the course of mortality follow-up (Figure). In these healthy individuals taking part in lifestyle and nutrition supplement trials , short-term weight change was directly associated with mortality about two decades later. These results are consistent with a long-term beneficial effect of presumed intentional weight loss on total mortality.

scholarly journals Weight Change and Mortality Risk in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peisen Huang ◽  
Zejun Guo ◽  
Weihao Liang ◽  
Yuzhong Wu ◽  
Jingjing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the associations of weight loss or gain with all-cause mortality risk in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Methods and Results: Non-lean patients from the Americas from the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist study were analyzed (n = 1,515). Weight loss and weight gain were defined as a decrease or increase in weight ≥5% between baseline and 1 year. To determine the associations of weight change and mortality risk, we used adjusted Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline models. The mean age was 71.5 (9.6) years. Weight loss and gain were witnessed in 19.3 and 15.9% patients, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, weight loss was associated with higher risk of mortality (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.06–1.89, P = 0.002); weight gain had similar risk of mortality (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.68–1.42, P = 0.932) compared with weight stability. There was linear relationship between weight change and mortality risk. The association of weight loss and mortality was different for patients with and without diabetes mellitus (interaction p = 0.009).Conclusion: Among patients with HFpEF, weight loss was independently associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality, and weight gain was not associated with better survival.Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier: NCT00094302.

scholarly journals Short-term weight trajectories and long-term weight outcomes from a lifestyle intervention in real-world clinical practice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Romanelli ◽  
Sylvia Sudat ◽  
Qiwen Huang ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Elizabeth M Venditti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Real World ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
Weight Trajectories

Abstract Centers for Disease Control and Prevention aligned lifestyle change programs are effective in promoting weight loss among those with elevated cardiometabolic risk; yet, variability in weight outcomes among participants is high. Little is known about heterogeneity of short-term weight changes among participants in real-world clinical practice. We sought to identify short-term weight trajectory clusters among lifestyle change program participants in real-world clinical practice and to examine the relationship between cluster membership and long-term weight outcomes. We identified participants from the electronic health records (2010–2017) with weight measured ≤30 days prior to program initiation (baseline) and in four intervals (3-week segments) in the 12 weeks after baseline. Clustering analysis was performed to identify distinct trajectories in percent weight change over 12 weeks. Cluster-specific differences in weight change at 12 and 52 weeks were assessed. Among 1,148 participants, across 18 clinic sites, three clusters were identified: minimal-to-no weight loss (MWL), delayed-minimal weight loss (DWL), and steady-moderate weight loss (SWL), corresponding to mean weight changes of 0.4%, −2.3%, and −4.8% at 12 weeks follow-up, respectively. Mean weight changes were 0.4%, −1.8%, and −5.1% for MWL, DWL, and SWL clusters, respectively, at 52 weeks follow-up, which correlated in direction and magnitude with short-term weight changes. Clustering analysis reveals heterogeneous, short-term weight trajectories among lifestyle change program participants in real-world clinical practice. Given the relationship between the magnitudes of short- and long-term weight change, individual participant weight trajectories may be useful in identifying potential non-responders in need of adjunctive or alternative therapy.

scholarly journals The association of weight change and all-cause mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tagrid A Alharbi ◽  
Susan Paudel ◽  
Danijela Gasevic ◽  
Joanne Ryan ◽  
Rosanne Freak-Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Weight Fluctuation ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective there may be age-related differences in the impact of weight change on health. This study systematically reviewed the evidence on the relationship between weight change and all-cause mortality in adults aged 65 years and older. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched from inception to 11 June 2020, PROSPERO CRD 42019142268. We included observational studies reporting on the association between weight change and all-cause mortality in older community-dwelling adults. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate pooled hazard ratios and scored based on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality guidelines. Results a total of 30 studies, including 1,219,279 participants with 69,255 deaths, demonstrated that weight loss was associated with a 59% increase in mortality risk (hazard ratio (HR): 1.59; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45–1.74; P &lt; 0.001). Twenty-seven studies that reported outcomes for weight gain (1,210,116 participants with 65,481 deaths) indicated that weight gain was associated with a 10% increase in all-cause mortality (HR: 1.10; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.17; P = 0.01). Four studies investigated weight fluctuation (2,283 events among 6,901 participants), which was associated with a 63% increased mortality risk (HR: 1.66; 95%CI: 1.28, 2.15). No evidence of publication bias was observed (all P &gt; 0.05). Conclusion for community-dwelling older adults, weight changes (weight loss, gain or weight fluctuation) are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality risk relative to stable weight. Further research is needed to determine whether these associations vary depending upon initial weight, and whether or not the weight loss/gain was intentional.

Short-term weight loss after hospitalization predicts long-term survival in patients with chronic heart failure

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Lainscak ◽  
S von Haehling ◽  
A Sandek ◽  
I Keber ◽  
M Kerbev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival

2007-P: Weight Change and Intentionality of Weight Loss Relate to Mortality Risk in the Postintervention (Years 8-16) Phase of Look AHEAD

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2007-P
Author(s):  
RENA R. WING ◽  
JEANNE CLARK ◽  
MARK ESPELAND ◽  
JAMES O. HILL ◽  
ROBERT W. JEFFERY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Look Ahead

scholarly journals Long-Term and Short-Term Prognostic Value of Circulating Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity-2 Concentration in Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cardiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Guoqi Dong ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Hongru Zhang ◽  
Yihuang Gu
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Increasing Risk

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) has been considered as a prognostic factor of cardiovascular disease. However, the prognostic value of sST2 concentration in chronic heart failure remains to be summarized. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for eligible studies up to January 1, 2020. Data extracted from articles and provided by authors were used in agreement with the PRISMA statement. The endpoints were all-cause mortality (ACM), cardiovascular mortality (CVM)/heart failure-related hospitalization (HFH), and all-cause mortality (ACM)/heart failure-related readmission (HFR). <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 11 studies with 5,121 participants were included in this analysis. Higher concentration of sST2 predicted the incidence of long-term ACM (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.04), long-term ACM/HFR (HR: 1.42, CI: 1.27–1.59), and long-term CVM/HFH (HR: 2.25, CI: 1.82–2.79), regardless of short-term ACM/HFR (HR: 2.31, CI: 0.71–7.49). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Higher sST2 concentration at baseline is associated with increasing risk of long-term ACM, ACM/HFR, and CVM/HFH and can be a tool for the prognosis of chronic heart failure.

scholarly journals Long-Term Data Traffic Forecasting for Network Dimensioning in LTE with Short Time Series

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1151
Author(s):  
Carolina Gijón ◽  
Matías Toril ◽  
Salvador Luna-Ramírez ◽  
María Luisa Marí-Altozano ◽  
José María Ruiz-Avilés
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Traffic Forecasting ◽  
Series Analysis ◽  
Radio Planning

Network dimensioning is a critical task in current mobile networks, as any failure in this process leads to degraded user experience or unnecessary upgrades of network resources. For this purpose, radio planning tools often predict monthly busy-hour data traffic to detect capacity bottlenecks in advance. Supervised Learning (SL) arises as a promising solution to improve predictions obtained with legacy approaches. Previous works have shown that deep learning outperforms classical time series analysis when predicting data traffic in cellular networks in the short term (seconds/minutes) and medium term (hours/days) from long historical data series. However, long-term forecasting (several months horizon) performed in radio planning tools relies on short and noisy time series, thus requiring a separate analysis. In this work, we present the first study comparing SL and time series analysis approaches to predict monthly busy-hour data traffic on a cell basis in a live LTE network. To this end, an extensive dataset is collected, comprising data traffic per cell for a whole country during 30 months. The considered methods include Random Forest, different Neural Networks, Support Vector Regression, Seasonal Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average and Additive Holt–Winters. Results show that SL models outperform time series approaches, while reducing data storage capacity requirements. More importantly, unlike in short-term and medium-term traffic forecasting, non-deep SL approaches are competitive with deep learning while being more computationally efficient.

EP.WE.14Prognostic significance of metabolic syndrome in patients undergoing carotid artery revascularisation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahab Hajibandeh ◽  
Shahin Hajibandeh
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Major Adverse Events

Abstract Aims to evaluate prognostic significance of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients undergoing carotid artery revascularisation. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in compliance with PRISMA standards to evaluate prognostic significance of MetS in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy or carotid stenting. Short-term (&lt;30 days) postoperative outcomes (all-cause mortality, stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA), myocardial infarction, major adverse events) and long-term outcomes (restenosis, all-cause mortality, stroke or TIA, myocardial infarction, major adverse events) were considered as outcomes of interest. Random effects modelling was applied for the analyses. Results Analysis of 3721 patients from five cohort studies showed no difference between the MetS and no MetS groups in terms of the following short-term outcomes: all-cause mortality (OR: 1.67,P=0.32), stroke or TIA (OR: 2.44,P=0.06), myocardial infarction (OR: 1.01,P=0.96), major adverse events (OR: 1.23, P = 0.66). In terms of long-term outcomes, MetS was associated with higher risk of restenosis (OR: 1.75,P=0.02), myocardial infarction (OR: 2.12,P=0.04), and major adverse events (OR: 1.30, P = 0.009) but there was no difference between the two groups in terms of all-cause mortality (OR: 1.11, P = 0.25), and stroke or TIA (OR: 1.24, P = 0.33). The quality and certainty of the available evidence were judged to be moderate. Conclusions The best available evidence suggest that although MetS may not affect the short-term postoperative morbidity and mortality outcomes in patients undergoing carotid revascularisation, it may result in higher risks of restenosis, myocardial infarction and major adverse events in the long-term. Evidence from large prospective cohort studies are required for more robust conclusions.

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