2007-P: Weight Change and Intentionality of Weight Loss Relate to Mortality Risk in the Postintervention (Years 8-16) Phase of Look AHEAD

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2007-P
Author(s):  
RENA R. WING ◽  
JEANNE CLARK ◽  
MARK ESPELAND ◽  
JAMES O. HILL ◽  
ROBERT W. JEFFERY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Look Ahead

scholarly journals Short-, medium-, and long-term weight changes and all-cause mortality in old age: Findings from the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Murayama ◽  
Jersey Liang ◽  
Benjamin A Shaw ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu ◽  
Erika Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Japanese Elderly

Abstract Background Recent studies, predominantly in Western populations, suggest that both weight loss and weight gain are associated with an increased mortality risk in old age. However, evidence of this association in older Asian populations remains sparse. This study aimed to examine the association between weight change and all-cause mortality in a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older Japanese people. Methods Data were obtained from the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly, which included 4,869 adults aged ≥60 years. Participants were followed for up to 30 years. We considered three indicators of weight change according to the follow-up interval: short-term (3 years), medium-term (6–7 years), and long-term (12–13 years). Weight change was classified as loss ≥5%, loss 2.5–4.9%, stable (±2.4%), gain 2.5–4.9%, and gain ≥5%. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the relative mortality risk of each weight change category. Results Weight loss ≥5% for all intervals was associated with higher mortality than stable weight and the effects were largely similar across all three intervals (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.36 [1.22–1.51] for short-term, 1.36 [1.22–1.51] for medium-term, and 1.31 [1.11–1.54] for long-term). A similar pattern of results was observed among the young-old and old-old, and among men and women. The effect of weight loss on higher mortality was greater among those with a lower body mass index at baseline. Conclusions These findings could inform clinical and public health approaches to body-weight management aimed at improving the health and survival of older adults, particularly in Asian populations.

scholarly journals Weight Change and Mortality Risk in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peisen Huang ◽  
Zejun Guo ◽  
Weihao Liang ◽  
Yuzhong Wu ◽  
Jingjing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the associations of weight loss or gain with all-cause mortality risk in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Methods and Results: Non-lean patients from the Americas from the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist study were analyzed (n = 1,515). Weight loss and weight gain were defined as a decrease or increase in weight ≥5% between baseline and 1 year. To determine the associations of weight change and mortality risk, we used adjusted Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline models. The mean age was 71.5 (9.6) years. Weight loss and gain were witnessed in 19.3 and 15.9% patients, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, weight loss was associated with higher risk of mortality (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.06–1.89, P = 0.002); weight gain had similar risk of mortality (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.68–1.42, P = 0.932) compared with weight stability. There was linear relationship between weight change and mortality risk. The association of weight loss and mortality was different for patients with and without diabetes mellitus (interaction p = 0.009).Conclusion: Among patients with HFpEF, weight loss was independently associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality, and weight gain was not associated with better survival.Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier: NCT00094302.

scholarly journals Weight Change and All-Cause Mortality in Later Life: Findings From the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 376-377
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Murayama ◽  
Jersey Liang ◽  
Benjamin Shaw ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu ◽  
Erika Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Japanese Elderly

Abstract Recent studies predominantly in Western populations suggest that both weight gain and weight loss are associated with increased mortality risk in old age. However, evidence on this topic in Asian populations remains sparse. We examined the association between weight change and all-cause mortality in a nationally-representative sample of community-dwelling older Japanese. Data came from the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly (N = 4,869, age ≥ 60 years). Participants were followed for up to 30 years. Short-term (3 years) and medium-term (6 years) weight changes were classified as “loss ≥ 5%,” “loss 2.5%–4.9%,” “stable,” “gain 2.5%–4.9%,” and “gain ≥ 5%.” Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the relative (stable weight as reference) mortality risk associated with weight change categories. Short-term weight loss ≥ 5% was associated with higher mortality compared to the stable category, after adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and health conditions (hazard ratio = 1.36; 95% confidence interval = 1.22–1.51). The other weight change categories had no significant association with mortality. This was observed both among males and females. Moreover, the same pattern of results was observed when we used the medium-term weight change indicator. In conclusion, we found that both short- and medium-term weight loss greater than 5% increased the risk of dying among older Japanese; however, other types of weight change did not. This finding could inform clinical and public health approaches to body-weight management aimed to improve the health and survival of older adults, particularly in Asian populations.

scholarly journals The association of weight change and all-cause mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tagrid A Alharbi ◽  
Susan Paudel ◽  
Danijela Gasevic ◽  
Joanne Ryan ◽  
Rosanne Freak-Poli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Weight Fluctuation ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective there may be age-related differences in the impact of weight change on health. This study systematically reviewed the evidence on the relationship between weight change and all-cause mortality in adults aged 65 years and older. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched from inception to 11 June 2020, PROSPERO CRD 42019142268. We included observational studies reporting on the association between weight change and all-cause mortality in older community-dwelling adults. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to calculate pooled hazard ratios and scored based on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality guidelines. Results a total of 30 studies, including 1,219,279 participants with 69,255 deaths, demonstrated that weight loss was associated with a 59% increase in mortality risk (hazard ratio (HR): 1.59; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45–1.74; P < 0.001). Twenty-seven studies that reported outcomes for weight gain (1,210,116 participants with 65,481 deaths) indicated that weight gain was associated with a 10% increase in all-cause mortality (HR: 1.10; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.17; P = 0.01). Four studies investigated weight fluctuation (2,283 events among 6,901 participants), which was associated with a 63% increased mortality risk (HR: 1.66; 95%CI: 1.28, 2.15). No evidence of publication bias was observed (all P > 0.05). Conclusion for community-dwelling older adults, weight changes (weight loss, gain or weight fluctuation) are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality risk relative to stable weight. Further research is needed to determine whether these associations vary depending upon initial weight, and whether or not the weight loss/gain was intentional.

scholarly journals Depression-related weight change and incident diabetes in a community sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Graham ◽  
Tristan Watson ◽  
Sonya S. Deschênes ◽  
Kristian B. Filion ◽  
Mélanie Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractThis cohort study aimed to compare the incidence of type 2 diabetes in adults with depression-related weight gain, depression-related weight loss, depression with no weight change, and no depression. The study sample included 59,315 community-dwelling adults in Ontario, Canada. Depression-related weight change in the past 12 months was measured using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview—Short Form. Participants were followed for up to 20 years using administrative health data. Cox proportional hazards models compared the incidence of type 2 diabetes in adults with depression-related weight change and in adults with no depression. Adults with depression-related weight gain had an increased risk of type 2 diabetes compared to adults no depression (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.32–2.20), adults with depression-related weight loss (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.09–2.42), and adults with depression with no weight change (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03–1.86). Adults with depression with no weight change also had an increased risk of type 2 diabetes compared to those with no depression (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.04–1.45). Associations were stronger among women and persisted after adjusting for attained overweight and obesity. Identifying symptoms of weight change in depression may aid in identifying adults at higher risk of type 2 diabetes and in developing tailored prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Patterns of Weight Change in Aging and Dying

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 491-491
Author(s):  
Stephen Thielke
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Remaining Life ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
History Of

Abstract Little research has characterized the natural history of weight change in older adults. Different changes may occur during aging and dying. We analyzed 18 years of weight measures from a cohort of 736,361 Veterans, all of whom had died at age 70 or older. We produced summary measures that accounted for both chronological age and number of years before death. Several clear population-level trends appeared. (1) The average weight of the sample declined across all ages at a rate of about 0.18 BMI points per year. (2) Starting about seven years before death, the amount of loss began to accelerate, reaching a decline of 0.75 BMI points in the year before death. (3) Changes in weight relative to years of remaining life were independent of chronologic age. People who died at age 70 experienced, on average, the same type and duration of terminal decline as did those who died at age 95. (4) The dying process involved a cumulative loss of about 1.3 BMI points. (5) The distribution of weights during advancing age both declined and narrowed. (6) Disproportionate deaths occurred at the lower BMI ranges (below a BMI of 24), and especially below 18, regardless of age. (7) The finding in #5 is explained by the entire cohort losing weight, with death of the thinnest members. These findings argue for examining survival time in studies of weight change. They indicate that weight loss may be a natural part of dying, rather than a risk factor for it.

scholarly journals Association of weight change with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and amyloid positron emission tomography in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriol Grau-Rivera ◽  
◽  
Irene Navalpotro-Gomez ◽  
Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides ◽  
Marc Suárez-Calvet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Preclinical Ad ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
T Tau

Abstract Background Recognizing clinical manifestations heralding the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related cognitive impairment could improve the identification of individuals at higher risk of AD who may benefit from potential prevention strategies targeting preclinical population. We aim to characterize the association of body weight change with cognitive changes and AD biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired middle-aged adults. Methods This prospective cohort study included data from cognitively unimpaired adults from the ALFA study (n = 2743), a research platform focused on preclinical AD. Cognitive and anthropometric data were collected at baseline between April 2013 and November 2014. Between October 2016 and February 2020, 450 participants were visited in the context of the nested ALFA+ study and underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) extraction and acquisition of positron emission tomography images with [18F]flutemetamol (FTM-PET). From these, 408 (90.1%) were included in the present study. We used data from two visits (average interval 4.1 years) to compute rates of change in weight and cognitive performance. We tested associations between these variables and between weight change and categorical and continuous measures of CSF and neuroimaging AD biomarkers obtained at follow-up. We classified participants with CSF data according to the AT (amyloid, tau) system and assessed between-group differences in weight change. Results Weight loss predicted a higher likelihood of positive FTM-PET visual read (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.00–1.61, p = 0.049), abnormal CSF p-tau levels (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.19–1.89, p = 0.001), and an A+T+ profile (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.25–2.20, p = 0.001) and was greater among participants with an A+T+ profile (p < 0.01) at follow-up. Weight change was positively associated with CSF Aβ42/40 ratio (β = 0.099, p = 0.032) and negatively associated with CSF p-tau (β = − 0.141, p = 0.005), t-tau (β = − 0.147 p = 0.004) and neurogranin levels (β = − 0.158, p = 0.002). In stratified analyses, weight loss was significantly associated with higher t-tau, p-tau, neurofilament light, and neurogranin, as well as faster cognitive decline in A+ participants only. Conclusions Weight loss predicts AD CSF and PET biomarker results and may occur downstream to amyloid-β accumulation in preclinical AD, paralleling cognitive decline. Accordingly, it should be considered as an indicator of increased risk of AD-related cognitive impairment. Trial registration NCT01835717, NCT02485730, NCT02685969.

Weight loss trajectories and related factors in a 16-week mobile obesity intervention: A retrospective observational study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Heon Kim ◽  
Young In Kim ◽  
Andreas Michaelides ◽  
Yu Rang Park
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Obesity Management ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Cluster 2

BACKGROUND In obesity management, whether patients lose 5% or more of their initial weight is a critical factor in their clinical outcome. However, evaluations that only take this approach cannot identify and distinguish between individuals whose weight change varies and those who steadily lose weight. Evaluation of weight loss considering the volatility of weight change through a mobile-based intervention for obesity can facilitate the understanding of individuals’ behavior and weight changes from a longitudinal perspective. OBJECTIVE With machine learning approach, we examined weight loss trajectories and explored the factors related to behavioral and app usage characteristics that induce weight loss. METHODS We used the lifelog data of 19,784 individuals who enrolled in a 16-week obesity management program on the healthcare app Noom in the US during August 8, 2013 to August 8, 2019. We performed K-means clustering with dynamic time warping to cluster the weight loss time series and inspected the quality of clusters with the total sum of distance within the clusters. To identify the usage factors to determine clustering assignment, we longitudinally compared weekly usage statistics with effect size on a weekly basis. RESULTS Initial Body Mass Index (BMI) of participants was 33.9±5.9 kg/m2, and ultimately reached an average BMI of 32.0±5.7 kg/m2. In their weight log, 5 Clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (sharp decrease) showed a high proportion of weight reduction class between 10% and 15%—the highest among the five clusters (n=2,364/12,796, 18.9%)—followed by Cluster 2 (moderate decrease), Cluster 3 (increase), Cluster 4 (yoyo), Cluster 5 (other). In comparison between cluster 2 and cluster 4, although the effect size of difference in the average meal input adherence and average weight input adherence did not show a significant difference in the first week, it increased continuously for 7 weeks (Cohen’s d=0.408; 0.38). CONCLUSIONS With machine learning approach clustering shape-based timeseries similarity, this study identified 5 weight loss trajectories in mobile weight management app. Overall adherence and early adherence related to self-monitoring emerged as a potential predictor of these trajectories.

Abstract P290: Short-term Weight Change and Long-term Mortality in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy R Cook ◽  
Lawrence J Appel ◽  
Paul K Whelton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hypertension Prevention ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Introduction: Although weight loss has favorable effects on intermediate outcomes, such as blood pressure and insulin resistance, few studies have examined its effects on long-term outcomes including total mortality. Methods: In the Trials of Hypertension Prevention (TOHP) individuals aged 30-54 years with high normal BP were randomized to a weight loss intervention, to one of several other lifestyle or dietary supplement interventions, or to usual care. All participants from Phase 1 (1987-90) and Phase 2 (1990-5) were followed for mortality through 2013. The association of weight change during any of the interventions with long-term mortality up to 18-24 years after the trial periods was examined among 3828 participants who fell into a high baseline weight stratum, defined as body mass index at least 26 kg/m2 in men and 24 kg/m2 in women. Results and Conclusions: There were 1477 high-weight participants in Phase 1 and 2351 in Phase 2, of whom 21% and 50%, respectively, were assigned to a weight loss intervention. Overall, mean weight change during the trial period was -1.8 lbs (-0.8% of baseline body weight) over 1.5 years in Phase 1 and 1.6 lbs (0.8%) over 3-4 years in Phase 2. A total of 556 (15%) lost > 5%, 1,101 (29%) lost <=5%, 1,567 (41%) gained less than 5%, and 604 (16%) gained > 5% in body weight. Corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) for total mortality were 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.57-1.18), 0.94 (95% CI=0.72-1.23), 1.00 (reference), and 1.29 (95% CI=0.92-1.80) (p-trend = 0.046). There was a direct linear relationship with percent change in weight during the trial period and later mortality (HR=1.14 per 5% change, 95% CI=1.02-1.28, p=0.019). This association persisted throughout the course of mortality follow-up (Figure). In these healthy individuals taking part in lifestyle and nutrition supplement trials , short-term weight change was directly associated with mortality about two decades later. These results are consistent with a long-term beneficial effect of presumed intentional weight loss on total mortality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document