japanese elderly
Recently Published Documents


TOTAL DOCUMENTS

490
(FIVE YEARS 104)

H-INDEX

40
(FIVE YEARS 4)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
Masumi Iida ◽  
Shohei Okamoto ◽  
Ikuko Sugawara ◽  
Erika Kobayashi

Abstract Spousal loss is one of the most consequential negative life events for the surviving partners. While there is abundant research on mental health and well-being of widows, most of these studies rely on the post-bereavement data. In this study, we use the data from the National Survey of Japanese Elderly (NSJE), which is a publicly available longitudinal data set collected from Japanese adults aged 60 years and older. The current study uses the first seven waves of data from 1987 to 2006, where participants were followed every three to four years. Using the NSJE advances our understanding of the bereavement process as it allows us to observe the levels and trajectories of depressive symptom before, during, and after the loss of their spouses. In our analyses, we selected 522 participants (average age at bereavement: 75.0 years; 27% male) who experienced spousal loss at some point during the seven waves. We examined the trajectories of depressive symptoms assessed using CES-D as these participants transition to widowhood. The results showed a small significant increase in depressive symptoms leading up to the time of the loss. There was also a significant increase in symptoms at the time of the loss, but we did not observe any decline in symptoms after the loss. In addition, we found that their age at bereavement significantly moderated the pattern, such that the increase in depressive symptoms at the time of the loss was attenuated for older participants. The implications of these findings will be discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 462-462
Author(s):  
Shiro Furuya ◽  
James Raymo

Abstract Despite growing media, policy, and research attention to loneliness, it remains an understudied dimension of inequality in demography. Additionally, research on loneliness often fails, both methodologically and conceptually, to distinguish loneliness from social isolation. This is an important limitation given the positive correlation between measures of these two distinct concepts, a relationship that may be particularly relevant in collectivistic societies. This study focuses on Japan, describing the synthetic cohort duration of exposure to loneliness at older ages, with and without adjusting for the correlation between loneliness and social isolation. Combining life tables from the Human Mortality Database with individual data from the National Survey of Japanese Elderly, we calculated isolation-adjusted lonely life expectancies. We also evaluated regional and educational differences in isolation-adjusted lonely life expectancies. Results showed significant differences in lonely life expectancy before and after adjusting for social isolation; however, the attention to social isolation did little to alter our general understandings of trends and differentials in lonely life expectancy. In contrast to public perceptions of growing loneliness, we find that lonely life expectancy is short among older Japanese and has not increased over time. Additionally, we found no clear regional nor educational differences in isolation-adjusted lonely life expectancy.


Author(s):  
Shoichi Masumoto ◽  
Mikiya Sato ◽  
Tomotsugu Yamakawa ◽  
Shuhei Hamada ◽  
Takashi Inaba ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeka Takabayashi ◽  
Takumi Hirata ◽  
Wenjing Zhao ◽  
Takashi Kimura ◽  
Shigekazu Ukawa ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Dietary diversity is thought to reduce risk of malnutrition although it is also linked to obesity. We examined whether dietary diversity is associated with all-cause mortality in Japanese elderly by body mass index (BMI). Methods The current study included 2,944 people aged 64-65 years who participated in the NISSIN project in 1996-2005. Dietary diversity was measured by the Food Variety Score (FVS) which calculates frequency of all food items consumed daily using a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Participants were divided into tertiles according to their FVS (1st: low, 2nd: middle, 3rd: high). Multivariate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. In stratified analysis, BMI was used to divide the participants into 3 groups: lean (BMI <20), normal (BMI 20–24.9), and overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 25). Results Overall, 454 (30.7%) men and 222 (15.2%) women died over the median follow-up period of 16.6 years. No significant association between FVS and all-cause mortality was observed overall. However, when grouped by BMI, in the lean, multivariate adjusted HRs were 0.32 (CI: 0.17-0.59) in the middle FVS and 0.41 (CI: 0.19 -0.91) in the high FVS, compared with the low FVS. No significant association was found for normal and overweight/obese. Conclusions These findings indicate dietary diversity should be promoted for lean older adults. Key messages BMI should be considered when promoting dietary diversity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihoko Takahashi ◽  
Midori Kamei ◽  
Makiko Uemura

Abstract Background In April 2020, the Japanese government requested that people stay home except when unavoidable for their livelihood, as a COVID-19 emergency measure. Especially, elderly people refrained from going out. We investigated mortality rates from external causes in 2020 among Japanese elderly people. Methods The monthly mortality rates from accidents (V01-X59), traffic accidents (V01-V99) and suicides (X60-X84) among elderly from 2015 to November 2020 were analyzed. Ordinary monthly expected values and reference ranges (RR: 95% range) were calculated by cause and sex and compared with the observed values. Results All accidents: Abnormal increases (beyond the RR) occurred in August for both sexes. Traffic accidents: Extreme decreases (below the RR) occurred in at least 3 months from March to October for each sex. Suicides: Extreme decreases occurred in at least 2 months from February to May for each sex. Abnormal increases occurred in November for males, and in September to November for females. Conclusions Extreme decreases in traffic accident mortalities can be explained by people staying home. Abnormal increases in accident mortalities in summer might be explained by the heat. The increases might also be related to wearing face masks. Suicide results suggest that females are especially vulnerable to the social environment created by the preventive measures against COVID-19. Key messages COVID-19 measures might have affected the physical, mental, and social well-being of elderly people. Acknowledgements This study was supported by Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Welfare Foundation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Nagata ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
Sachiko Tanaka ◽  
Aya Kadota ◽  
Takehito Hayakawa ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Little is known about the relationships between higher-level functional capacity (HLFC) and mortality, and its gender difference. Methods NIPPON DATA90 is the cohort study of the National Cardiovascular Survey of Japan in 1990. We followed up 1824 Japanese adults over 65 years who were independent in basic activities of daily living in 1995 until 2010. HLFC was measured in 1995 using the total score and 3 subscales (instrumental activities of daily living [IADL], intellectual activity, social role) by the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC). The association of HLFC to mortality was evaluated by adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using the Cox proportional hazard model. Results During average 12.2-year follow-up, 836 participants (45.8%) died. Participants with impaired total TMIG-IC score showed significantly higher risk of mortality (adjusted HR 1.37; 95%CI 1.14-1.66) compared with normal participants, even after adjusting for other variables. The corresponding HR was significant only in women (HR 1.42; 95% CI 1.10-1.83). Among the 3 subscales, only impaired social role showed significantly higher risk of mortality (HR 1.37; 95%CI 1.12-1.67) in men. In contrast, IADL and intellectual activity showed significantly higher risk in women (HR 1.51; 95%CI 1.16-1.96) (HR 1.46; 95%CI 1.19-1.80). Conclusions Impaired HLFC was related to higher risk of long-term mortality in Japanese elderly at baseline. Especially among women, IADL and intellectual activity were important predictors, whereas social role was important in men. Key messages Impaired HLFC was related to long-term mortality in Japanese elderly.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hinako Nanri ◽  
Tsukasa Yoshida ◽  
Yuya Watanabe ◽  
Hiroyuki Fujita ◽  
Misaka Kimura ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: It is unclear whether habitual green tea consumption is related to comprehensive frailty. Objective: We conducted this study to investigate this relationship among a Japanese elderly population.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of baseline data from 2012. The study included 5668 Japanese participants (2766 men and 2902 women, aged 65 years or older). The subjects completed a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire that included green tea consumption. We evaluated comprehensive frailty by using a 25-item Kihon Checklist (KCL), which comprised seven domains (instrumental activities of daily living [IADL], physical function, malnutrition, oral or eating function, socialization and housebound, cognitive function, and depression). Frailty was defined as a KCL score ≥7. Results: We found that higher consumption of green tea was associated with a lower risk of frailty in both sexes. Further age-stratified analysis showed that higher consumption of green tea among women was associated with a lower risk of frailty, regardless of age. In men, however, these associations were found only in the older age groups. An analysis of the association between green tea consumption and frailty subdomains showed that green tea consumption was associated with a lower risk of oral dysfunction and cognitive problem in both sexes. In addition, only in women, higher green tea consumption was inversely associated with a lower risk of IADL and mobility-related disability problems.Conclusions: Green tea consumption is inversely associated with the prevalence of comprehensive frailty in Japanese men and women. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm this association.


Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2738
Author(s):  
Akio Shimizu ◽  
Ichiro Fujishima ◽  
Keisuke Maeda ◽  
Kenta Murotani ◽  
Tatsuro Inoue ◽  
...  

This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the accuracy of the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) and the SNAQ for Japanese Elderly (SNAQ-JE) for the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM)-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia screening in older persons. We included 380 inpatients aged ≥65 years (mean age, 79.3 ± 7.9; 60.0% women) and admitted to rehabilitation units. Undernutrition and sarcopenia were diagnosed based on GLIM criteria and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, respectively, using bioimpedance analysis. Poor appetite was defined as an SNAQ score of <14 points and an SNAQ-JE score of ≤14 points. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of these tools for detecting poor appetite for GLIM-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia were assessed. The rates of GLIM-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia were 56.8% and 59.2%, respectively. The number of patients with poor appetite was 94 (24.7%) for the SNAQ and 234 (61.6%) for the SNAQ-JE. The sensitivity and specificity of the SNAQ measured against GLIM-defined malnutrition were 32.9% and 73.1%, respectively, and against sarcopenia were 29.8% and 70.2%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the SNAQ-JE measured against GLIM-defined malnutrition were 82.6% and 51.0%, respectively, and against sarcopenia were 86.0% and 53.7%, respectively. The SNAQ-JE showed fair accuracy for GLIM-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia in older patients admitted to rehabilitation units.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document