scholarly journals Body Composition by CT vs. DXA: Long-Term Prediction of Mortality in the Health Health ABC Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 239-239
Author(s):  
Samaneh Farsijani ◽  
Lingshu Xue ◽  
Robert Boudreau ◽  
Adam Santanasto ◽  
Stephen Kritchevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Muscle Density ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Abstract Background: Early work in the Health ABC cohort found that strength, but not muscle size predicted mortality. Recent literature suggests that body composition by computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predicts adverse health outcomes in diverse populations, but has not been directly compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for predicting mortality. Objective: With long term follow-up, we reexamined body composition and mortality in Health ABC, comparing DXA and CT measures of muscle and fat. Methods: The Health ABC study assessed body composition in 2911 older adults (age 73.6±2.9 years) in 1996-97. Mid-thigh CTs were read for muscle area, inter-muscular, subcutaneous-fat areas and muscle density (HU). DXAs were read for whole body fat mass and appendicular lean mass (ALM). Mortality was assessed every 6-months through 2014 (maximum 17.4 years). Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for age, sex, race, height, weight, physical activity, smoking and comorbidities were used to assess mortality risk. Results: Strong correlations were observed between mid-thigh muscle and subcutaneous fat areas by CT and leg lean and fat mass by DXA (P<0.05). Lower mortality rates, per SD, were associated with higher CT muscle area (HR-men=0.76 [95%CI: 0.68-0.86]; HR-women=0.84 [0.75-0.94]), muscle density (HR-men=0.86 [0.79-0.93]; HR-women=0.89 [0.81-0.97]) and higher subcutaneous-fat (HR-men=0.90 [0.81-0.99]; HR-women=0.87 [0.77-0.98]), adjusting for covariates. Similarly for DXA, greater ALM (HR-men=0.56 [0.44-0.71]; HR-women=0.77 [0.59-1.01]) and higher total fat mass (HR-men=0.53 [0.40-0.72]; HR-women=0.58 [0.37-0.90]) were associated with lower risk of death. Conclusion: With long term follow-up, both CT and DXA assessments of body composition predicted all-cause mortality risk.

scholarly journals Muscle strength in patients with acromegaly at diagnosis and during long-term follow-up

2017 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Füchtbauer ◽  
Daniel S Olsson ◽  
Bengt-Åke Bengtsson ◽  
Lise-Lott Norrman ◽  
Katharina S Sunnerhagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Proximal Muscle ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
One Year

Objective Patients with acromegaly have decreased body fat (BF) and increased extracellular water (ECW) and muscle mass. Although there is a lack of systematic studies on muscle function, it is believed that patients with acromegaly may suffer from proximal muscle weakness despite their increased muscle mass. We studied body composition and muscle function in untreated acromegaly and after biochemical remission. Design Prospective observational study. Methods Patients with acromegaly underwent measurements of muscle strength (dynamometers) and body composition (four-compartment model) at diagnosis (n = 48), 1 year after surgery (n = 29) and after long-term follow-up (median 11 years) (n = 24). Results were compared to healthy subjects. Results Untreated patients had increased body cell mass (113 ± 9% of predicted) and ECW (110 ± 20%) and decreased BF (67 ± 7.6%). At one-year follow-up, serum concentration of IGF-I was reduced and body composition had normalized. At baseline, isometric muscle strength in knee flexors and extensors was normal and concentric strength was modestly increased whereas grip strength and endurance was reduced. After one year, muscle strength was normal in both patients with still active disease and patients in remission. At long-term follow-up, all patients were in remission. Most muscle function tests remained normal, but isometric flexion and the fatigue index were increased to 153 ± 42% and 139 ± 28% of predicted values, respectively. Conclusions Patients with untreated acromegaly had increased body cell mass and normal or modestly increased proximal muscle strength, whereas their grip strength was reduced. After biochemical improvement and remission, body composition was normalized, hand grip strength was increased, whereas proximal muscle fatigue increased.

scholarly journals Mortality Risk Prediction by an Insurance Company and Long-Term Follow-Up of 62,000 Men

PLoS ONE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. e5457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. G. Sijbrands ◽  
Erik Tornij ◽  
Sietske J. Homsma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

scholarly journals Ten-year mortality risk of patients undergoing elective PCI: long-term follow-up of the GENetic Determinants of Restenosis (GENDER) study

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. W. Verschuren ◽  
S. Trompet ◽  
R. A. Tio ◽  
R. J. de Winter ◽  
P. A. F. M. Doevendans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Gender Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Treatment of acromegaly has substantial effects on body composition. A long-term follow-up study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Wolf ◽  
Sylvie Salenave ◽  
Emmanuel Durand ◽  
Jacques Young ◽  
Peter Kamenicky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Igf I ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

  Background: Acromegaly is associated with changes in body composition. Long-term changes following acromegaly treatment and the impact of different treatments have been less investigated. Methods: We performed a retrospective study in 201 patients with acromegaly. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). To investigate specific effects of treatment vs ageing, changes in body composition were compared in a group of patients evaluated both at the time of active and controlled disease (A>C; n=31) and in another group of patients evaluated two times while the disease was controlled (C>C; n=32). Results: In the whole cohort, IGF-I correlated with fat (r=-0.369;p<0.001) and lean mass (r=0.383;p<0.001). Patients from A>C and C>C groups were comparable for age, sex, BMI and follow-up duration (p=n.s.). Reduction in IGF-I levels was associated with an increase in fat mass and a decrease in lean mass in the A>C group, which was four and eight times more pronounced compared to the C>C group (fat mass: +39±34 vs +10±15%, p<0.001; lean mass: -8±8 vs -0.2±6%, p<0.001, respectively). Changes in fat mass were negatively associated with IGF-I (r=-0.450; p=0.011) and independent of the individual therapy. The daily dose of pegvisomant correlated with fat mass (r=0.421;p=0.002) and insulin sensitivity index (r=-0.466;p<0.001). Conclusions: Treatment of acromegaly strongly impacts body composition until biochemical disease remission, characterized by an increase in fat mass and a decrease in lean mass. These changes are closely associated with the normalization of IGF-I. Thereafter, body composition changes are similar to what is observed with ageing.

Morbidity and mortality risk ratios are elevated in severe supine dominant OSA: a long-term follow-up study

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 653-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Kulkas ◽  
Anu Muraja-Murro ◽  
Pekka Tiihonen ◽  
Esa Mervaala ◽  
Juha Töyräs
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Risk Ratios

Acute kidney injury after transcatheter aortic valve implantation and mortality risk—long-term follow-up

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orit Kliuk-Ben Bassat ◽  
Ariel Finkelstein ◽  
Samuel Bazan ◽  
Amir Halkin ◽  
Itzhak Herz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Aortic Valve Implantation ◽  
Valve Implantation

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) complicating transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is relatively frequent and associated with significant morbidity. Previous studies have shown a higher 30-day and 1-year mortality risk in patients with periprocedural AKI. Our aim was to identify the prognostic impact of periprocedural AKI on long-term follow-up. Methods This is a single-center prospective study evaluating patients undergoing TAVI for severe aortic stenosis. AKI was defined according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 definition, as an absolute increase in serum creatinine ≥0.3 mg/dL or an increase &gt;50% within the first week following TAVI. Mortality data were compared between patients who developed AKI and those who did not. Logistic and Cox regressions were used for survival analysis. Results The final analysis included 1086 consecutive TAVI patients. AKI occurred in 201 patients (18.5%). During the follow-up period, 289 patients died. AKI was associated with an increased risk of 30-day mortality {4.5 versus 1.9% in the non-AKI group; hazard ratio [HR] 3.70 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35–10.13]}. Although 1-year mortality was higher in the AKI group in univariate analysis, it was not significant after a multivariate regression. AKI was a strong predictor of longer-term mortality [42.3 versus 22.7% for 7-year mortality; HR 1.71 (95% CI 1.30–2.25)]. In 189 of 201 patients we had data regarding recovery from AKI up to 30 days after discharge. In patients with recovery from AKI, the mortality rate was lower (38.2 versus 56.6% in the nonrecovery group; P = 0.022). Conclusions Periprocedural AKI following TAVI is a strong risk factor for short-term as well as long-term mortality (up to 7 years). Therefore more effort is needed to reduce this complication.

scholarly journals Leukocyte and Skeletal Muscle Telomere Length and Body Composition in Monozygotic Twin Pairs Discordant for Long-term Hormone Replacement Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Sillanpää ◽  
Paula Niskala ◽  
Eija K. Laakkonen ◽  
Elodie Ponsot ◽  
Markku Alén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Monozygotic Twin ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area

Estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be associated with deceleration of cellular aging. We investigated whether long-term HRT has effects on leukocyte (LTL) or mean and minimum skeletal muscle telomere length (SMTL) in a design that controls for genotype and childhood environment. Associations between telomeres, body composition, and physical performance were also examined. Eleven monozygotic twin pairs (age 57.6 ± 1.8 years) discordant for HRT were studied. Mean duration of HRT use was 7.3 ± 3.7 years in the user sister, while their co-twins had never used HRT. LTL was measured by qPCR and SMTLs by southern blot. Body and muscle composition were estimated by bioimpedance and computed tomography, respectively. Physical performance was measured by jumping height and grip strength. HRT users and non-users did not differ in LTL or mean or minimum SMTL. Within-pair correlations were high in LTL (r= 0.69,p= .020) and in mean (r= 0.74,p= .014) and minimum SMTL (r= 0.88,p= .001). Body composition and performance were better in users than non-users. In analyses of individuals, LTL was associated with BMI (r2= 0.30,p= .030), percentage total body (r2= 0.43,p= .014), and thigh (r2= 0.55,p= .004) fat, while minimum SMTL was associated with fat-free mass (r2= 0.27,p= .020) and thigh muscle area (r2= 0.42,p= .016). We found no associations between HRT use and telomere length. Longer LTLs were associated with lower total and regional fat, while longer minimum SMTLs were associated with higher fat-free mass and greater thigh muscle area. This suggests that telomeres measured from different tissues may have different associations with measures of body composition.

scholarly journals The significance of the FTO gene on weight gain and body composition in young Swedish women with severe anorexia nervosa: a three-year follow-up study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Svedlund(New Corresponding Author) ◽  
Bojan Tubic ◽  
Anders Elfvin(Former Corresponding Author) ◽  
Per Magnusson ◽  
Diana Swolin-Eide
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Muscle Area

Abstract Background: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the potential influence of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), SNP rs9939609, on body mass index (BMI) and body composition in women with severe anorexia nervosa during intensive nutrition therapy and after three years. Methods: Twenty-five female anorexia nervosa patients (age 20.1±2.3 years, BMI 15.5±1.0 kg/m2) were treated for 12 weeks with a high-energy diet. FTO was genotyped and body composition parameters were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography at baseline, after 12 weeks and at three-year follow-up. Results: Patients gained, on average, 9.9 kg and BMI increased to 19.0±0.9 kg/m2 during intensive nutrition therapy. Fat mass increased, p<0.001, but total lean mass was stable. After three years, BMI remained stable, 19.4±3.3 kg/m2, as well as fat mass parameters and total lean mass. Muscle density decreased while the quotient fat/muscle area increased during nutrition therapy, but both then stabilized and remained stable after three years. There were no associations between FTO genotype and BMI or body composition parameters during the nutrition therapy or after three years. A tendency towards more stable BMI was observed in patients with the TT genotype and wider range in BMI for patients with the risk allele A after three years. Conclusions: Irrespective of the FTO genotype, there was no difference in weight response during nutrition therapy, or at three-year follow-up. Hence, there is limited support for individualized therapy for anorexia nervosa based on FTO genotype. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN76310580. Date of registration: 15/01/2020. Retrospectively registered.

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