COVID-19 Pandemic on smoking behavior changes among African American Smokers Eligible for LDCT Screening

Abstract Smoking has been observed to associate with an elevated severity of disease and risk of mortality among people with COVID-19. Additionally, African American smokers have higher rates of mortality from lung cancer than other racial/ethnic groups. Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening can detect lung cancer early to decrease lung cancer-specific mortality for current smokers but remains under-utilized among these population. However, we know little about the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on smoking behavior changes among African American smokers who qualify for LDCT screening. This study recruited 60 African American daily smokers seen in primary care clinics, who qualified to receive LDCT screening in a New Orleans, LA hospital. A total of 22 participants (36.7%) completed anonymous cross-sectional survey that collected demographic, disease history, tobacco use, and smoking cessation behaviors during the period of COVID-19 pandemic via phone interview. The majority were older (61.2 [SD=4.7]), female (77.3%), earned annual income less than $20,000 (100.0%), had Medicaid (63.6%), overweight/obesity (72.7%), planned to quit smoking within 6 months (52.4%), and would consider taking LDCT screening after COIVD-19 pandemic (95.2%). Half of smokers reported they have been diagnosed hypertension (47.6%), diabetes (52.4%), and arthritis (57.1%). Regarding health behavior changes, 42.9% smokers reported they smoked more, felt more stress (42.9%) and anxiety (33.4%) after COVID-19 outbreak. Smoking cessation programs may focus on this high-risk minority population in the post COVID-19 pandemic to help them decrease cigarette smoking and enhance their motivation to quit smoking.

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Association of smoking behavior among Chinese expectant fathers and smoking abstinence after their partner becomes pregnant: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22493/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wei Xia ◽

William Ho Cheung Li ◽

Wenzhi Cai ◽

Peige Song ◽

Laurie Long Kwan Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Health Hazards ◽

Smoking Abstinence ◽

Lasso Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Expectant Fathers

Abstract Background: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) during pregnancy can cause pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. About 40% of Chinese expectant fathers are smokers and they rarely attempt to quit smoking. There is a paucity of effective smoking cessation services targeting this population. In this study, we assessed the smoking behavior of Chinese expectant fathers and examined its association with smoking abstinence after their partner became pregnant, which is an essential prerequisite for designing effective smoking cessation interventions.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of three tertiary hospitals in China. Expectant fathers who smoked at least one cigarette per day for 1 month within the past 12 months were invited to participate in this study. The participants were asked to complete a structured questionnaire that assessed their smoking behaviors before and after their partner became pregnant. Results: From December 2017 to March 2018, we recruited a total of 466 eligible expectant fathers, among whom 323 (69.3%) were identified as current smokers and 143 (30.7%) were ex-smokers. Using lasso regression, 19 features were selected from among 27 independent variables. The results of the selected multivariable logistic regression model showed that knowledge about the health hazards of smoking among smokers (odds ratio (OR) 1.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24 to 1.58; p<0.001), knowledge about the health hazards of SHS to pregnant women (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.97; p<0.001), knowledge about harm to the fetus and newborn (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.25 to 2.03; p<0.001), and being a first-time expectant father (OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.02 to 3.85; p=0.046) were significantly positively associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant. Significantly negative associations were found for severe dysfunctionality in terms of family support (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.95; p=0.036) and smoking only outside the home (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.26 to 0.98; p<0.001). Conclusions: In this study, we identified several factors associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant. These findings can guide the development of effective interventions targeting expectant fathers, to help them quit smoking.

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Association of Smoking Behavior Among Chinese Expectant Fathers and Smoking Abstinence After Their Partner Becomes Pregnant: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22493/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wei Xia ◽

William Ho Cheung Li ◽

Wenzhi Cai ◽

Peige Song ◽

Laurie Long Kwan Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Health Hazards ◽

Smoking Abstinence ◽

Lasso Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Expectant Fathers

Abstract Background Exposure to secondhand smoke during pregnancy can cause pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. About 40% of Chinese expectant fathers are smokers and they rarely attempt to quit smoking. There is a paucity of effective smoking cessation services targeting this population. In this study, we assessed the smoking behavior of Chinese expectant fathers and examined its association with smoking abstinence after their partner became pregnant, which is an essential prerequisite for designing effective smoking cessation interventions.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of three tertiary hospitals in China. Expectant fathers who smoked at least one cigarette per day for 1 month within the past 12 months were invited to participate in this study. The participants were asked to complete a structured questionnaire that assessed their smoking behaviors before and after their partner became pregnant.Results From December 2017 to March 2018, we recruited a total of 466 eligible expectant fathers, among whom 323 (69.3%) were identified as current smokers and 143 (30.7%) were ex-smokers. Using lasso regression, 19 features were selected from among 27 independent variables. The results of the selected multivariable logistic regression model showed that knowledge about the health hazards of smoking among smokers (odds ratio (OR) 1.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24 to 1.58; p < 0.001), knowledge about the health hazards of SHS among pregnant women (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.97; p < 0.001), knowledge about harm to the fetus and newborn (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.25 to 2.03; p < 0.001), and being a first-time expectant father (OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.02 to 3.85; p = 0.046) were significantly positively associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant. Significantly negative associations were found for severe dysfunctionality in terms of family support (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.95; p = 0.036) and smoking only outside the home (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.26 to 0.98; p < 0.001).Conclusions In this study, we identified several factors associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant. These findings can guide the development of effective interventions targeting expectant fathers, to help them quit smoking.

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Tobacco Health Risk Awareness among Socially Disadvantaged People—A Crucial Tool for Smoking Cessation

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15102244 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2244 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marek Milcarz ◽

Kinga Polanska ◽

Leokadia Bak-Romaniszyn ◽

Dorota Kaleta

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Health Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Socially Disadvantaged ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

The Unemployed ◽

Harmful Effects ◽

Disadvantaged People

The goal of this cross-sectional survey was to assess the level of knowledge on harmful effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and active smoking among socially-disadvantaged people in Poland. The study was conducted among 1817 respondents aged 18–59 years, who used aid services from local social care institutions in Piotrkowski district. Majority of the participants were aware of the fact that smoking may cause serious diseases and lung cancer (92%). However, those percentages were lower for awareness of ETS and health risk (69.4%) and for awareness of smoking/ETS-associated risk of stroke and heart attack (57%, 68%). The male respondents and smokers had much higher odds of lacking knowledge that smoking causes serious diseases and lung cancer compared to the females (OR = 1.47 and OR = 1.86; p < 0.05) and non-smokers (OR = 2.35 and OR = 2.31; p < 0.001). In addition, those with temporary jobs and the unemployed had a higher risk of lack of knowledge on smoking and lung cancer risk (OR = 2.14 and OR = 1.66; p < 0.05) as well as ETS and the risk of stroke (OR = 1.52 and OR = 1.51; p < 0.05) as compared to those with permanent jobs. The smokers who were aware of four health consequences of smoking indicated an intention to quit smoking within the next month more frequently when compared to those who did not have the knowledge on all of the analyzed harmful effects of tobacco use (19.7% vs. 13.1%; p < 0.05). There is a need to improve knowledge on the dangers associated with active and passive smoking among socially disadvantaged populations.

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Perceived Pain and Smoking Interrelations and Expectancies Are Associated With Pain and Smoking Cessation in Individuals With Mobility Impairments

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntz111 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Romano Endrighi ◽

Nicolle Rueras ◽

Shira I Dunsiger ◽

Belinda Borrelli

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Lower Probability ◽

Smoking Abstinence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mobility Impairments ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Perceived Pain

Abstract Introduction Smoking and pain are highly prevalent among individuals with mobility impairments (MIs; use assistive devices to ambulate). The role of pain-related smoking motives and expectancies in smoking cessation is unknown. We examined cross-sectional and prospective associations between a novel measure of pain-related smoking motives (how smokers with pain perceive their pain and smoking to be interrelated) and pain and smoking behavior in smokers with MI. Methods This is a secondary data analysis of a smoking cessation induction trial (N = 263; 55% female) in smokers with MI. Participants did not have to want to quit to enroll. Pain-related smoking motives and expectancies were assessed at baseline with the pain and smoking inventory (PSI) which measures perceived pain and smoking interrelations in three distinct but related domains (smoking to cope with pain, pain as a motivator of smoking and as a barrier to cessation). Other measures included pain occurrence and interference, nicotine dependence, motivation and self-efficacy to quit smoking, and number of cigarettes per day. Biochemically verified smoking abstinence was assessed at 6 months. Results PSI scores were significantly higher among smokers with chronic pain occurrence compared to occasional and to no occurrence (p < .002) and were associated with greater pain interference (ps < .01) and lower self-efficacy to quit smoking (ps < .01). In prospective analyses adjusted for age, treatment group, and chronic pain, only expectancies of smoking to help cope with pain predicted lower odds of abstinence. Conclusions Targeting expectancies of smoking as a mechanism to cope with pain may be useful in increasing smoking cessation in pain populations. Implications Individuals with MI have a high prevalence of smoking and pain, yet the extent to which this population perceives pain and smoking to be interrelated is unknown. This is the first article to examine prospective associations between a novel measure of perceived pain and smoking interrelations (PSI) and smoking outcomes. The PSI was associated with greater pain and lower self-efficacy for quitting. Prospectively, the PSI subscale tapping into expectancies that smoking help coping with pain predicted a lower probability of smoking abstinence. In smokers with MI, expectancies of smoking as pain-coping mechanism may be an important clinical target.

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Smartphone Ownership and Interest in Mobile Health Technologies for Self-care Among Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.31982 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jonathan W Leigh ◽

Ben S Gerber ◽

Christopher P Gans ◽

Mayank M Kansal ◽

Spyros Kitsiou

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

African American ◽

Mobile Health ◽

Self Care ◽

Minority Population ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Monitoring ◽

Health Technologies ◽

Mhealth Apps

BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a highly prevalent chronic condition that places a substantial burden on patients, families, and health care systems worldwide. Recent advances in mobile health (mHealth) technologies offer great opportunities for supporting many aspects of HF self-care. There is a need to better understand patients’ adoption of and interest in using mHealth for self-monitoring and management of HF symptoms. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to assess smartphone ownership and patient attitudes toward using mHealth technologies for HF self-care in a predominantly minority population in an urban clinical setting. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of adult outpatients (aged ≥18 years) at an academic outpatient HF clinic in the Midwest. The survey comprised 34 questions assessing patient demographics, ownership of smartphones and other mHealth devices, frequently used smartphone features, use of mHealth apps, and interest in using mHealth technologies for vital sign and HF symptom self-monitoring and management. RESULTS A total of 144 patients were approached, of which 100 (69.4%) participated in the study (63/100, 63% women). The participants had a mean age of 61.3 (SD 12.25) years and were predominantly Black or African American (61/100, 61%) and Hispanic or Latino (18/100, 18%). Almost all participants (93/100, 93%) owned a cell phone. The share of patients who owned a smartphone was 68% (68/100). Racial and ethnic minorities that identified as Black or African American or Hispanic or Latino reported higher smartphone ownership rates compared with White patients with HF (45/61, 74% Black or African American and 11/18, 61% Hispanic or Latino vs 9/17, 53% White). There was a moderate and statistically significant association between smartphone ownership and age (Cramér V [ΦC]=0.35; P<.001), education (ΦC=0.29; P=.001), and employment status (ΦC=0.3; P=.01). The most common smartphone features used by the participants were SMS text messaging (51/68, 75%), internet browsing (43/68, 63%), and mobile apps (41/68, 60%). The use of mHealth apps and wearable activity trackers (eg, Fitbits) for self-monitoring of HF-related parameters was low (15/68, 22% and 15/100, 15%, respectively). The most popular HF-related self-care measures participants would like to monitor using mHealth technologies were physical activity (46/68, 68%), blood pressure (44/68, 65%), and medication use (40/68, 59%). CONCLUSIONS Most patients with HF have smartphones and are interested in using commercial mHealth apps and connected health devices to self-monitor their condition. Thus, there is a great opportunity to capitalize on the high smartphone ownership among racial and ethnic minority patients to increase reach and enhance HF self-management through mHealth interventions.

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Association of smoking behavior among Chinese expectant fathers and smoking abstinence after their partner becomes pregnant: A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22493/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wei Xia ◽

William Ho Cheung Li ◽

Wenzhi Cai ◽

Peige Song ◽

Laurie Long Kwan Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Hazards ◽

Smoking Abstinence ◽

Lasso Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Expectant Fathers

Abstract Background: Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) during pregnancy can cause pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. About 40% of Chinese expectant fathers are smokers and they rarely attempt to quit. There is a paucity of effective smoking cessation services targeting this population. In this study, we assessed the smoking behavior of Chinese expectant fathers and examined its association with smoking abstinence after their partner became pregnant, which is an essential prerequisite for designing effective smoking cessation interventions. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of three tertiary hospitals in China. Expectant fathers who smoked at least one cigarette per day for 1 month within the past 12 months were invited to participate in this study. The participants were asked to complete a structured questionnaire that assessed their smoking behaviors before and after their partner became pregnant. Results: From December 2017 to March 2018, we recruited a total of 466 eligible expectant fathers, among whom 323 (69.3%) were identified as current smokers and 143 (30.7%) were ex-smokers. Using lasso regression, 19 features were selected from among 27 independent variables. The results of the selected multivariable logistic regression model showed that knowledge about the health hazards of smoking among smokers (odds ratio (OR) 1.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24 to 1.58; p<0.001), knowledge about the health hazards of SHS to pregnant women (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.97; p<0.001), knowledge about harm to the fetus and newborn (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.25 to 2.03; p<0.001), and being a first-time expectant father (OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.02 to 3.85; p=0.046) were significantly positively associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant. Significantly negative associations were found for severe dysfunctionality in terms of family support (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.95; p=0.036) and smoking only outside the home (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.26 to 0.98; p<0.001). Conclusions: In this study, we identified several factors associated with smoking abstinence among expectant fathers after their partner became pregnant. These findings can guide the development of effective interventions targeting expectant fathers, to help them quit smoking.

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Health behavior changes in African American family members facing lung cancer: Tensions and compromises

European Journal of Oncology Nursing ◽

10.1016/j.ejon.2018.12.002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 57-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Karen Kane McDonnell ◽

Otis L. Owens ◽

DeAnne K. Hilfinger Messias ◽

Sue P. Heiney ◽

Daniela B. Friedman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

African American ◽

Health Behavior ◽

Family Members ◽

Behavior Changes ◽

African American Family ◽

American Family ◽

Health Behavior Changes

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Why are male Chinese smokers unwilling to quit? A multicentre cross-sectional study on smoking rationalisation and intention to quit

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025285 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. e025285

Author(s):

Xinyuan Huang ◽

Wenjie Fu ◽

Haiying Zhang ◽

Hong Li ◽

Xiaoxia Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Intention To Quit ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Point Increase ◽

Development Levels ◽

Potential Strategy ◽

The Relationship

ObjectiveWe aimed to describe the rationalisation beliefs endorsed by Chinese male smokers and to examine the association between rationalisation and the intention to quit.SettingQuestionnaires were conducted among male smokers in three cities (Shanghai, Nanning and Mudanjiang) which represent different geographical locations, economic development levels and legislative status of tobacco control in China.Design and participantsIt was a multicentre cross-sectional survey involved a total of 3710 male smokers over 18 years.Outcome measuresPrimary outcomes were intention to quit, smoking rationalisation scores and sub scores in six dimensions. Smoking rationalisation was assessed using a newly developed Chinese rationalisation scale. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine the relationship between rationalisation and intention to quit.ResultsOn average, smokers scored 3.3 out of 5 on the smoking rationalisation scale. With a one point increase in total rationalisation scale, the odds for intention to quit in the next 6 months decreased by 48% (OR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.61; p<0.001). Separate logistic regressions for six subscales of rationalisation shown consistent inverse associations with intention to quit (all p values <0.001). Believing that smoking was socially acceptable was the strongest predictor (OR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.55 to 0.71; p<0.001).ConclusionsRationalisation beliefs could be important barriers to smoking cessation. Some beliefs have stronger association with quit intention than others. Eroding rationalisation beliefs endorsed by smokers is a potential strategy for smoking cessation intervention.

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Conflict About Quitting Predicts the Decision to Stop Smoking Gradually or Abruptly: Evidence From Stop Smoking Clinics in Malaysia

The Journal of Smoking Cessation ◽

10.1375/jsc.6.1.37 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 37-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lei Hum Wee ◽

Lion Shahab ◽

Awang Bulgiba ◽

Robert West

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Single Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Single Dimension ◽

Quit Attempt ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Stop Smoking ◽

Conflict Scale

AbstractBackground: Little is known about the extent to which smokers attending stop-smoking clinics experience conflicting motivations about their quit attempt, whether such conflict can be understood in terms of a single dimension and if this ‘conflict about quitting’ differs from motivation to stop smoking and is associated with a smoker's choice of method to stop smoking (stopping gradually or abruptly). Method: Sociodemographic, smoking and quit attempt characteristics as well as measures relating to conflict about stopping smoking were recorded in a cross-sectional survey of 198 smokers attending five quit smoking clinics in Malaysia. Results: Five measures (having seriously thought about quitting before, being happy about becoming a non-smoker, being strongly motivated to stop, intending to stop smoking completely and believing in stopping for good this time) were loaded onto a single factor that could be labelled ‘conflict about quitting’. The resultant scale had moderate internal reliability (Cronbach's α= .625). Most smokers exhibited conflicting motivations about stopping smoking, with over half (52.0%, 95% CI 45.1–59.1) scoring 2 or higher on the 5-point conflict scale. ‘Conflict about quitting’ was significantly associated with the decision to stop smoking gradually rather than abruptly controlling for other variables (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.05–1.76) and was more strongly associated with the choice of smoking cessation method than motivation to stop smoking. Conclusions: ‘Conflict about quitting’ can be conceptualised as a single dimension and is prevalent among smokers voluntarily attending stop-smoking clinics. The finding that smokers who display greater conflict about quitting are more likely to choose gradual cessation may explain contradictory findings in the literature regarding the effectiveness of different methods of smoking cessation.

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Supports Used by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Women for Their Health, including Smoking Cessation, and a Baby’s Health: A Cross-Sectional Survey in New South Wales, Australia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17217766 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (21) ◽

pp. 7766

Author(s):

Gillian S. Gould ◽

Carl Holder ◽

Christopher Oldmeadow ◽

Maree Gruppetta

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Torres Strait Islander ◽

Smoking Status ◽

The Internet ◽

Access To Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Age Related ◽

Torres Strait

This study explored Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women’s use of supports for their general health, for smoking cessation, and the health of babies or children, and analyzed the women’s predictors for seeking types of support. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women were recruited for a cross-sectional survey in two regions of NSW N = 132. The 19-item survey questioned the likelihood that the participant would use the various supports for their health, to quit smoking, and for a baby or child’s health. Logistic regression analyses were performed on N = 98 with complete data. Older participants were less likely to use Facebook or the internet for their health, or the health of a child, but were more likely to consult with health professionals. Women who had quit smoking were less likely to use an app for their health compared to smokers. Women who had a child living in their household were less likely to use the internet for a child’s health. This community-based study revealed age-related differences for access to health services and differences according to smoking status. Patterns of internet and app use warrant further consideration when planning strategies to improve Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and children’s health.

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