scholarly journals Association of Sedentary and Active Bout Frequency With Mortality in Older Men Using Accelerometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 969-970
Author(s):  
Lauren Roe ◽  
Stephanie Harrison ◽  
Kyle Moored ◽  
Kristine Ensrud ◽  
Katie Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Transition Frequency ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Mortality Models ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

Abstract Background Time spent sedentary increases with age and has several negative health consequences. We sought to examine associations between daily sedentary and active bout frequency with all-cause mortality. Methods Data are from 2,918 men in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study (mean age at Visit 3±SD: 79.0±5.1 years) with valid activity monitor data (5.1±0.3 days worn>90%) at Year 7 visit (Visit 3, 2007-2009). Sedentary and active bout frequencies are defined as the daily transition frequency from a sedentary bout lasting 5+ minutes to activity of any intensity, and the transition frequency from an active bout lasting 5+ minutes to sedentary. Deaths were centrally adjudicated using death certificates. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine associations between quartiles of sedentary (Q1 referent, <13.6 bouts/day) or active (Q1 referent, <5 bouts/day) bout frequency and mortality. Models were repeated, stratifying by median daily total time spent sedentary and active. Results After 9.4±3.7 years of follow-up, 1,487 (51.0%) men died. Men averaged 16.9±5.1 and 8.2±4.2 sedentary and active bouts/day, respectively. After full covariate adjustment, each quartile reflecting a higher sedentary (Q4 vs Q1 HR: 0.68, 95%CI: 0.58-0.81, p-trend<0.001) and active bout (Q4 vs Q1 HR: 0.57, 95%CI: 0.48-0.68, p-trend<0.001) frequency was associated with lower mortality risk. There was no evidence that effects differed by total sedentary time (p-interaction for sedentary bout frequency and total sedentary time>0.05). Conclusions More frequent, prolonged sedentary and active bouts are associated with a lower mortality risk in older men and is not moderated by total sedentary time.

Replacing Sedentary Time With Light or Moderate–Vigorous Physical Activity Across Levels of Frailty

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Godin ◽  
Joanna M. Blodgett ◽  
Kenneth Rockwood ◽  
Olga Theou
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
Light Activity ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

The authors sought to examine how much sedentary time needs to be replaced by light or moderate–vigorous physical activity in order to reduce frailty and protect against mortality. The authors built isotemporal substitution models to assess the theoretical effect of replacing sedentary behavior with an equal amount of light or moderate–vigorous activity on frailty and mortality in community-based adults aged 50 years and older. Controlling for age, sex, body mass index, marital status, race, education, employment status, and National Health and Nutrition Examination Study cycle, replacing 1 hr of sedentary time with moderate–vigorous or light physical activity daily was associated with a lower frailty index. For mortality, results varied based on frailty level. Replacing sedentary behavior with moderate–vigorous exercise was associated with lower mortality risk in vulnerable individuals; however, replacing sedentary behavior with light activity was associated with lower mortality risk in frailer individuals.

Obesity is associated with lower mortality risk in elderly diabetic subjects: the Casale Monferrato study

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Perotto ◽  
Francesco Panero ◽  
Gabriella Gruden ◽  
Paolo Fornengo ◽  
Bartolomeo Lorenzati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

Abstract 016: Muscular Strength Predicts All-Cause Mortality Independent of MVPA in Women Ages 63-99 Years

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J LaMonte ◽  
David M Buchner ◽  
Cora E Lewis ◽  
Eileen Rillamas-Sun ◽  
John Bellettiere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

Background: While some studies report muscle strength is associated with mortality, independent of aerobic physical activity (PA), in older people, there are less data in women and lack of studies adjusting the association for objective measures of PA and physical performance. We prospectively examined this association in 5,061 multiethnic (White, 48.2%; Black, 34.0%; Hispanic, 17.9%) women ages 63-99 (mean 78.3) with complete information for analysis in the Objective Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health Study. Methods: Quartile categories of dominant hand grip strength (<14, 14-18, 18.1-22.5, >22.5 kg) and EPESE categories of time to complete five consecutive unassisted chair stands (>16.6, 16.6-13.7, 13.6-11.2, <11.2 sec) were the muscle strength exposure measures. Primary covariables included age, race-ethnicity, current smoking, BMI, and number of comorbidities. Accelerometer measured moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and total sedentary time, and gait speed during a self-paced 8 meter walk test were further assessed as confounding factors. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: There were 306 (5.5%) all-cause deaths during a mean 3.3 year follow-up. Adjusting for primary covariables, significant inverse trends in mortality were observed across categories of grip strength, HR (95% CI) = 1.00 (ref), 0.70 (0.53, 0.93), 0.77 (0.56, 1.05), 0.59 (0.41, 0.87), trend p = .007, and chair stands, 1.00, 0.82 (0.62, 1.09), 0.76 (0.55, 1.04), 0.53 (0.36, 0.77), trend p <.001. Further adjustment for MVPA attenuated these associations which remained statistically significant, 1.00, 0.72, 0.81, 0.66, trend p = .032, and 1.00, 0.91, 0.88, 0.65, trend p = .033, respectively. Similarly, adding sedentary time or gait speed to the primary covariables did not eliminate significance of the inverse mortality trends with either muscle strength measure. Adjusting for primary covariables, each 1-standard deviation (6.2 sec) faster chair stand time was associated with 12% lower mortality risk (p = .004), which was attenuated to 8% risk reduction (p = .04) when further controlling for MVPA. Adjusting for primary covariables and MVPA, each 1-standard deviation (6.8 kg) increment in grip strength was associated with 13% lower mortality risk (p = .04), and this inverse association was generally consistent across subgroups defined by age (interaction p = .78), race-ethnicity (p = .19), and BMI (p = .88). Controlling for gait speed opposed to MVPA resulted in consistent findings. Conclusions: Higher muscular strength is associated with lower mortality in older women, independent of device-measured MVPA and sedentary time, and measured gait speed, an indicator of aerobic fitness. If results are confirmed, in addition to guideline recommendations regarding aerobic PA, promoting skeletal muscle strength is an important component of aging well.

Frequency, predictors, and prognosis of ejection fraction improvement in heart failure: an echocardiogram-based registry study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (26) ◽  
pp. 2110-2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anukul Ghimire ◽  
Nowell Fine ◽  
Justin A Ezekowitz ◽  
Jonathan Howlett ◽  
Erik Youngson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Multivariable Adjustment ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

Abstract Aims To identify variables predicting ejection fraction (EF) recovery and characterize prognosis of heart failure (HF) patients with EF recovery (HFrecEF). Methods and results Retrospective study of adults referred for ≥2 echocardiograms separated by ≥6 months between 2008 and 2016 at the two largest echocardiography centres in Alberta who also had physician-assigned diagnosis of HF. Of 10 641 patients, 3124 had heart failure reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (EF ≤ 40%) at baseline: while mean EF declined from 30.2% on initial echocardiogram to 28.6% on the second echocardiogram in those patients with persistent HFrEF (defined by <10% improvement in EF), it improved from 26.1% to 46.4% in the 1174 patients (37.6%) with HFrecEF (defined by EF absolute improvement ≥10%). On multivariate analysis, female sex [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40–1.96], younger age (aOR per decade 1.16, 95% CI 1.09–1.23), atrial fibrillation (aOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.68–2.38), cancer (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.03–2.26), hypertension (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.18–1.62), lower baseline ejection fraction (aOR per 1% decrease 1.07 (1.06–1.08), and using hydralazine (aOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.19–2.40) were associated with EF improvements ≥10%. HFrecEF patients demonstrated lower rates per 1000 patient years of mortality (106 vs. 164, adjusted hazard ratio, aHR 0.70 [0.62–0.79]), all-cause hospitalizations (300 vs. 428, aHR 0.87 [0.79–0.95]), all-cause emergency room (ER) visits (569 vs. 799, aHR 0.88 [0.81–0.95]), and cardiac transplantation or left ventricular assist device implantation (2 vs. 10, aHR 0.21 [0.10–0.45]) compared to patients with persistent HFrEF. Females with HFrEF exhibited lower mortality risk (aHR 0.94 [0.88–0.99]) than males after adjusting for age, time between echocardiograms, clinical comorbidities, medications, and whether their EF improved or not during follow-up. Conclusion HFrecEF patients tended to be younger, female, and were more likely to have hypertension, atrial fibrillation, or cancer. HFrecEF patients have a substantially better prognosis compared to those with persistent HFrEF, even after multivariable adjustment, and female patients exhibit lower mortality risk than men within each subgroup (HFrecEF and persistent HFrEF) even after multivariable adjustment.

scholarly journals Healthy eating and lower mortality risk in a large cohort of cardiac patients who received state-of-the-art drug treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 1527-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke PC Sijtsma ◽  
Sabita S Soedamah-Muthu ◽  
Janette de Goede ◽  
Linda M Oude Griep ◽  
Johanna M Geleijnse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Large Cohort ◽  
Cardiac Patients ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

Clinical Decision Analysis as a Means of Technology Assessment: The Effectiveness of Intraoperative Cholangiography

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Scott ◽  
Itzhak Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Decision Analysis ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Common Duct ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Intraoperative Cholangiography ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

AbstractThree strategies for timely detection of common duct stones are examined by decision analysis: the use of intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) in ALL, NONE, or in SOME of the cases that are selected by the estimated probability of a common duct stone. Selective use of IOC is the most cost-effective option and offers a slightly lower mortality risk.

1095 Gastroenterologist Care is Associated With Lower Mortality Risk in Hospitalized Ulcerative Colitis Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. S-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay K. Murthy ◽  
A. Hillary Steinhart ◽  
Jill M. Tinmouth ◽  
Peter C. Austin ◽  
Geoffrey C. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

scholarly journals Personality Pathways to Mortality: Interleukin-6 Links Conscientiousness to Mortality Risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Páraic S O'Súilleabháin ◽  
Nick Turiano ◽  
Denis Gerstorf ◽  
Martina Luchetti ◽  
stephen gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Physiological Pathways ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Lower Mortality Risk

Personality is associated consistently with mortality hazards, but the physiological pathways are not yet clear. Immune system dysregulation may be one such pathway due to its role in age-related morbidity and mortality. In this preregistered study, we tested whether interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) mediated the associations between personality traits and mortality hazards. The sample included 957 participants (M ± SD = 58.65 ± 11.51 years; range = 35 – 86 years) from the Midlife in the United States Survey that had 14 years of follow-up. Higher conscientiousness was associated with lower mortality hazards, with each one standard deviation higher conscientiousness associated with a 35% lower mortality risk. IL-6, but not CRP, partially mediated this association, with IL-6 accounting for 18% of this association in the fully adjusted model. While there was initial evidence that the biomarkers mediated both neuroticism and agreeableness and mortality risk, the indirect effects were not significant when controlling for the sociodemographic variables. Taken together, higher conscientiousness may lead to a longer life partially as a result of lower IL-6. This work highlights the importance of biological pathways that link personality to future mortality risk.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities across life and premature mortality from 1971 to 2016: findings from three British birth cohorts born in 1946, 1958, and 1970

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meg E Fluharty ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
George B. Ploubidis ◽  
Benedetta Pongiglione ◽  
David Bann
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Housing Tenure ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models

AbstractIntroductionDisadvantaged socioeconomic position (SEP) in early and adult life has been repeatedly associated with premature mortality. However, it is unclear whether these inequalities differ across time, nor if they are consistent across different SEP indicators.MethodsBritish birth cohorts born in 1946, 1958 and 1970 were used, and multiple SEP indicators in early and adult life were examined. Deaths were identified via national statistics or notifications. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate associations between SEP indicators and mortality risk—from 26-43 (n=40,784), 26-58 (n=35,431), and 26-70 years (n=5,353).ResultsMore disadvantaged SEP was associated with higher mortality risk—magnitudes of association were similar across cohort and each SEP indicator. For example, hazards ratios (95% CI) between 26-43 years comparing lowest to highest father’s social class were 2.74 (1.02—7.32) in 1946c, 1.66 (1.03—2.69) in 1958c, and 1.94 (1.20—3.15) in 1970c. Childhood social class, adult social class, and housing tenure were each independently associated with mortality risk.ConclusionsSocioeconomic circumstances in early and adult life appear to have had persisting associations with premature mortality from 1971—2016. This reaffirms the need to address socioeconomic factors across life to reduce inequalities in survival to older age.

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