scholarly journals Associations Between HIV Stigma and Mental Health Among Older Hispanics and Whites Living With HIV

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 970-970
Author(s):  
Kayle Karcher ◽  
Lily Kamalyan ◽  
Veronica Gonzalez ◽  
Lilla Brody ◽  
Robert Heaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Hispanics/Latinos/as/x (henceforth Hispanics) have higher rates of HIV infection than non-Hispanic (NH) Whites, particularly in older age. People living with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk of stigma and poor mental health, but these associations have not been thoroughly examined in older PWH. We investigated ethnic differences in HIV stigma and its association with mental health in older Hispanic and NH White PWH. Participants included 116 PWH ages 50-75 (58 Hispanic and 58 NH White) from southern California (for the overall cohort: 82.7% male; 57.7% AIDS, 93.9% on antiretroviral therapy). Participants completed self-report measures of HIV-stigma, depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II; BDI-II), and cumulative alcohol use (i.e., lifetime total quantity/total days). Covariates examined included sociodemographic and HIV-disease characteristics. An independent sample t-test showed no significant ethnic differences in HIV stigma (p=.82). Separate multivariable linear regression models on mental health outcomes (adjusting for significant covariates) showed no significant interaction between HIV stigma and ethnicity on BDI-II scores (p=.83) or cumulative alcohol use (p=.51). Follow up models removing the interaction term, showed that increased HIV stigma was associated with higher BDI-II scores (B=0.34, 95% Cl=0.21-0.48; p<.001), but not with cumulative alcohol use (p=.49) in the overall sample. Findings indicate a significant link between HIV stigma and depression symptoms in older PWH, with comparable associations among Hispanics and NH Whites. Future studies examining factors that may moderate the link between HIV stigma and depression in diverse older PWH would help guide the development of interventions aimed at improving mental health in this population.

scholarly journals HIV Stigma, Mental Health, and Alcohol Use Disorders among People Living with HIV/AIDS in New Orleans

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica A. Felker-Kantor ◽  
Maeve E. Wallace ◽  
Aubrey Spriggs Madkour ◽  
Dustin T. Duncan ◽  
Katherine Andrinopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Psychosocial Determinants of HIV Stigma among Men Who Have Sex with Men in San Francisco, California

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8031
Author(s):  
Dharma N. Bhatta ◽  
Jennifer Hecht ◽  
Shelley N. Facente
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: Stigma and discrimination are major challenges faced by people living with HIV (PLWH), and stigma continues to be prevalent among PLWH. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 584 men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV between July 2018 and December 2020, designed to better understand which demographic and behavioral characteristics of MSM living with HIV in San Francisco, California are associated with experience of stigma, so that programs and initiatives can be tailored appropriately to minimize HIV stigma’s impacts. Methods: This analysis was conducted with data from San Francisco AIDS Foundation (SFAF) encompassing services from multiple different locations in San Francisco. Data about the level of HIV-related stigma experienced were collected through a single question incorporated into programmatic data collection forms at SFAF as part of the client record stored in SFAF’s electronic health record. We performed linear regression to determine the associations between self-reported experiences of HIV stigma and other characteristics among MSM living with HIV. Results: HIV stigma was low overall among MSM living with HIV who are actively engaged in HIV care in San Francisco; however, it was significantly higher for the age groups of 13–29 years (adjusted risk difference (ARD): 0.251, 95% CI: 0.012, 0.489) and 30–49 years (ARD: 0.205, 95% CI: 0.042, 0.367) when compared to the age group of 50 years and older, as well as people who were homeless (ARD: 0.844, 95% CI: 0.120, 1.568), unstably housed (ARD: 0.326, 95% CI: 0.109, 0.543) and/or having mental health concerns (ARD: 0.309, 95% CI: 0.075, 0.544), controlling for race, injection history, and viral load. Conclusions: These findings highlight an opportunity to develop culturally, socially, and racially appropriate interventions to reduce HIV stigma among MSM living with HIV, particularly for younger men and those struggling with housing stability and/or mental health.

scholarly journals The Association between CD-4 Level, Stress and Depression Symptoms among People Living with HIV/AIDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 3459-3463
Author(s):  
Elmeida Effendy ◽  
Mustafa M. Amin ◽  
Lidya De Vega ◽  
Nurul Utami
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

BACKGROUND: The lives of individuals diagnosed with HIV and the subsequent illness, AIDS, were often chaotic because these individuals deal with the physical, emotional, and interpersonal sequelae of this illness. Depressive symptoms and stress were common and impact on functioning, quality of life, and health status, highlighting the importance of diagnosis and treatment of patients with HIV infection. Psychiatric clinical practice and rating scales have come to play an ever-increasing role both in determining specific symptoms and diagnosing an individual condition. Descriptive reports of psychiatric morbidity among those with HIV infection, that relied primarily on self-report rating scales, described high rates of symptomatic depression and stress. AIM: This study aimed to determine the proportion of depression among people living with HIV/AIDS using the BDI-II and PSS to determine a relationship between symptoms of depression and stress with CD4 counts. METHODS: This study was a numerical correlative analytic study with a cross-sectional study approach that assessed the correlation between stress, depression and CD4 level in people with HIV/AIDS that were receiving ARV therapy in the Voluntary Counselling Test (VCT) Polyclinic of General Hospital Haji Medan by recruiting 46 subjects. CD4 level was examined in the Pramita Medan laboratory. RESULTS: When analysis of BDI-II level and CD4 scores were done, a significant correlation was found (P < 0.05). The strength of the relationship between the BDI score and the CD4 score was 0.548 revealing a positive correlation with moderate correlation strength CONCLUSION: We have shown a significant relationship between depression, stress and CD4 level among people with HIV/AIDS in Medan, Indonesia. Psychological distress may affect the immunity in infected people, leading to the disease progressivity.

Occupational stress in Remotely Piloted Aircraft System operators

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Phillips ◽  
D Sherwood ◽  
N Greenberg ◽  
N Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Occupational Functioning ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft System ◽  
Aircraft System

Abstract Background Although there is currently little research data to support the contention, concerns have been raised about possible traumatic stressors inherent to Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) operator roles. Factors such as exposure to visually traumatic events compounded by long working hours and blurred boundaries between military and civilian life have been cited as potential stressors. Robust research into the well-being of RPAS operators is scarce and mostly samples US personnel. Aims To provide mental health and well-being data relating to UK RPAS operators. Methods UK RPAS operators completed mental health questionnaires to assess levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and depression symptoms, alcohol use and occupational functioning. Respondents were also asked about work patterns. Results Forty-one per cent of the sample reported potentially hazardous alcohol use. Ten per cent met psychiatric symptom criteria for moderate or severe anxiety, and 20% for moderate depressive symptoms. While there were no cases of probable PTSD, 30% of the sample reported sub-clinical PTSD symptoms likely to impair occupational functioning. Overall, 70% of the sample reported that psychological symptoms significantly impaired their functioning. Conclusions Compared to UK military sub-groups, RPAS operators were not at increased risk of mental health problems. However, a high proportion of the sample reported significant functional impairment, which has not been explored in other comparable studies. The most frequently highlighted work-related stressors were timing of RPAS work and operator shift patterns.

scholarly journals Mental health disorders and alcohol use are associated with increased likelihood of smoking relapse among people living with HIV attending routine clinical care

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosmas M. Zyambo ◽  
Greer A. Burkholder ◽  
Karen L. Cropsey ◽  
James H. Willig ◽  
Craig M. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Smoking Relapse ◽  
Routine Clinical Care ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLWH) have a high level of interest in quitting smoking, but only a small proportion have sustainable abstinence 6 months after cessation. Few investigations have focused on relapse to smoking among PLWH. In this investigation, we evaluated the prevalence of relapse after smoking cessation and the characteristics associated with smoking relapse using a retrospective, longitudinal cohort of PLWH during an eight-year observation. Methods All patients aged ≥19 years that reported current smoking during the study period and then reported not smoking on a subsequent tobacco use questionnaire (quitters) were eligible for the study. In addition, patients required at least one subsequent follow-up visit after quitting where smoking status was again reported to allow for assessment of relapse. A Cox proportional hazard model was fit to evaluate factors associated with smoking relapse in PLWH attending routine clinical care. Results Of the 473 patients who quit smoking in the study, 51% relapsed. In multivariable analysis, factors significantly associated with a higher likelihood of relapse were anxiety symptoms (HR = 1.55, 95% CI [1.11, 2.17]) and at-risk alcohol use (HR = 1.74, 95% CI [1.06, 2.85]), whereas antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence (HR = 0.65, 95% CI [0.49, 0.99]) and longer time in care (HR = 0.94, 95% CI [0.91, 0.98]) were associated with a reduced likelihood of relapse after cessation. Conclusion Our study underscores the high prevalence of smoking relapse that exists among PLWH after they quit smoking. Successful engagement in mental health care may enhance efforts to reduce relapse in the underserved populations of PLWH.

scholarly journals Comparison of levels of anxiety and depression between women and men living with HIV of a Mexico City clinic

Salud Mental ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Patricia Caballero-Suárez ◽  
◽  
Evelyn Rodríguez Estrada ◽  
María Candela-Iglesias ◽  
Gustavo Reyes-Terán
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Living With Hiv

Introduction. Studies show that women with HIV have higher depression, anxiety symptoms and worse quality of life than men with HIV, but limited data on mental health status of people living with HIV (PLWH) is available in Mexico, hindering the development of specific mental health interventions. Objective. To compare the frequency and severity of depression and anxiety symptoms between men and women of a HIV specialized clinic of Mexico City. Method. Data were derived from a cross-sectional survey on condom use and serostatus disclosure carried out between 2012-2013. Data from Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and sociodemographic characteristics were included in this study. Non-parametric tests were used to compare sociodemographic, clinical and psychological variables and odds ratio were calculated. Results. 291 PLWH were included, 13.1% (n = 38) were women. Significant differences between genders were found in sociodemographic variables (age, marital status, occupation, education, sexual orientation), but not in clinical variables. Depression symptoms were present in 45% of women versus 18.6% of men (x2 = 13.17, p < .001) and anxiety symptoms were present in 47.4% of women and 30% of men (x2 = 4.53, p = .033). In unadjusted analysis, women had 3.5 times higher risk than men of presenting depression symptoms (OR = 3.54, 95% CI = 1.61-7.65, p < .001) and 2 times higher risk of having anxiety symptoms than men (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 0.98-4.42, p < .033). Discussion and conclusion. An important percentage of participants had depression and anxiety symptoms; women showed greater frequency and severity of symptoms as well as greater socioeconomic vulnerability. Mental health interventions are needed and should take into consideration the gender specific differences.

scholarly journals Impact of co-occurring drug use, hazardous alcohol use and mental health disorders on drug use patterns in people living with HIV and hepatitis C virus infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean McCormick ◽  
Kathleen M Ward ◽  
Catherine G Sutcliffe ◽  
Risha Irvin ◽  
Geetanjali Chander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Drug use, hazardous alcohol use, and mental health disorders are prevalent among people with HIV and HCV infection. Co-occurrence of alcohol use and depression negatively impacts substance use patterns. Nevertheless, HCV treatment provides a promising opportunity to identify and address co-occurring drug use, hazardous alcohol use, and mental health disorders.

scholarly journals HIV Stigma and Unhealthy Alcohol Use Among People Living with HIV in Russia

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2609-2617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Lunze ◽  
Dmitry Lioznov ◽  
Debbie M. Cheng ◽  
Ruslan V. Nikitin ◽  
Sharon M. Coleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Unhealthy Alcohol Use ◽  
Unhealthy Alcohol ◽  
Living With Hiv

Sedentary Behavior in People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davy Vancampfort ◽  
James Mugisha ◽  
Marc De Hert ◽  
Michel Probst ◽  
Brendon Stubbs
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background:Sedentary behavior is independently associated with an increased risk of poor mental health, developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature mortality. Despite the knowledge that CVD is one of the leading causes of non-AIDS related premature mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH), relatively little attention has been attributed to sedentary behavior in this population. The aims of this meta-analysis were to (a) establish the pooled mean time spent sedentary, (b) investigate predictors of sedentary levels, and (c) explore differences with age- and gender-matched healthy controls.Methods:Two independent authors searched major databases until August 2016. A random effects meta-analysis was performed.Results:Across 6 unique cross-sectional studies, including 9 sedentary levels, there were 523 (292 men) PLWH (age range = 37 to 58 years). PLWH spent 533 min/day (95% CI = 466 to 599) engaging in sedentary behavior. There was a trend (P = .07) for higher levels of sedentary behavior in self-report measures (551 min, 95% CI = 543 to 560, N = 4) than in objective sedentary behavior time (505 min, 95% CI = 498 to 512, N = 3). The time PLWH spend engaging in sedentary behavior is among the highest levels reported in the literature.Conclusions:Given that sedentary behavior is an independent predictor of CVD, future lifestyle interventions specifically targeting the prevention of sedentary behavior in PLWH are warranted.

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