scholarly journals Many Faces of Sleep: Diverse Sleep Characteristics and Their Joint Associations With Stress on Health in Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 113-113
Author(s):  
Hye Won Chai ◽  
Soomi Lee ◽  
Nancy Sin
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Bidirectional Associations ◽  
Stress And Health ◽  
Joint Associations

Abstract Two separate bodies of literature point to the significant roles of sleep and stress and their associations with health outcomes in adulthood. To further extend the field’s knowledge on sleep, stress, and health, it is essential to consider the multi-dimensional aspects of sleep and diverse stress contexts and identify ways in which the three factors are interrelated to each other. Different sleep characteristics may have varying implications for stress processes that, in turn, shape health outcomes. Therefore, this symposium integrates diverse characteristics of sleep (duration, quality, and pileup) in conjunction with various stress processes and experiences (bereavement, stressor exposure and appraisals, rumination), and examines their associations with cognitive, emotional, and physiological health outcomes. The first paper by Vigoureux and colleagues investigates the interaction between daily sleep and stressor frequency and severity on daily rumination. The second paper by Slavish and colleagues examines the bidirectional associations between daily stress and sleep duration and efficiency. The third paper by Mu and colleagues explores the mediated associations of sleep quality and sufficiency with work impairment through perceived cognitive abilities and rumination. The fourth paper by Lee uses the stress concept of pileup and tests how pileup of insufficient sleep is associated with day-to-day trajectories of affective and physical well-being. The final paper by Chai and colleagues examines whether sleep quality moderates the association between family bereavement and heart rate variability. The discussant, Dr. Nancy Sin, will integrate key points and discuss considerations for mechanisms and long-term implications of sleep, stress, and health.

Assessing the impact of durable flooring structures on refugee sleep quality and duration

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas James Greene ◽  
Christina Ann Chao
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The Impact

Conflict and persecution continue to displace people from their homes adding to an already overwhelming refugee crisis worldwide. Overall, refugee health is difficult to measure objectively and is influenced by a number of factors including transient, and often inadequate, housing conditions. Emergency Floor (EF) is a quickly deployable, lightweight, insulated flooring system intended to protect temporary structures from extreme temperatures and outdoor conditions. A pilot study was conducted in two informal tented settlements in Hermel-Baalbek, Lebanon to assess how installing Emergency Floors in tented shelters impacted sleep duration and quality, indicators of overall wellness, among refugees. A baseline survey was administered, and Emergency Floors were installed in all households in both settlements in October 2016. A follow-up survey was conducted to record outcomes in April 2017. Thirty-four households consisting of 150 individuals participated in the baseline survey. Seven households were were not available for follow-up survey due to moving away from the area. The final sample yielded a total of 27 households and 120 individuals. Results indicated that sleep duration significantly increased, and sleep quality significantly improved after EF installation. Furthermore, respondents reported feeling more comfortable, warmer, safer, and cleaner when sleeping in a shelter with EF installed. These encouraging results suggest an overall increase in perceived well-being. Future research should continue monitoring floors to assess long term wear and explore additional uses for EF in other temporary structures.

scholarly journals Understanding the Relation Between Sleep and Health in Adulthood: Daily Experiences to Long-Term Health Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 635-635
Author(s):  
Hye Won Chai ◽  
David Almeida ◽  
Soomi Lee
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Restorative Sleep

Abstract An increasing number of studies evinces the significant role of sleep in health outcomes including physical symptoms, cardiometabolic functioning, and chronic health conditions. To further advance the field’s knowledge on sleep and health in adulthood, it is necessary to have an integrative understanding of this topic that pulls together short-term determinants to long-term health consequences of sleep. As such, this symposium places diverse aspects of sleep across multiple contexts, ranging from predictors and consequences of sleep in daily life to the role of sleep in long-term changes in health across adulthood. The first paper by Lee and colleagues examines the role of daily positive and negative events as precursors of concurrent and next-day sleep duration. The second paper by Joo and colleagues addresses the moderating role of nightly sleep duration in the association between daily stressor severity and intensity of headaches. The third paper by Chai and colleagues explores how the association between daily emotional well-being and cardiometabolic syndrome differs by sleep deficiency and by age. The fourth paper by Sin and colleagues focuses on daily affective vulnerability to short sleep duration as a risk factor for developing chronic conditions 10 years later. The final paper by Reither and colleagues assesses within-person changes and between-person differences in restorative sleep and their associations with body mass trajectories across 15 years. The discussant, Dr. Soomi Lee, will integrate key points from the studies, discuss the utilization of diverse measurements of sleep, and address considerations for future research on sleep and health.

Improvement in Cognitive Abilities, Mental and Emotional Well-being of Teenagers following a Meditation Retreat: An Open-Trial pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Kanchibhotla ◽  
Saumya Subramanian ◽  
Shashank Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Meditation Retreat ◽  
Mental Well Being

Background: Background: Today’s teenagers face several challenges that result in poor mental health, depression and anxiety. Several studies in the past decade have explored meditation as an adjunctive therapy for mental illness however the long term residual benefits of meditation have rarely been studied. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the benefits of a four day meditation retreat on cognitive abilities, mental and emotional well-being of teenagers. Methods: 303 teenagers participated in this study. Cognitive abilities of the students were measured using theSix letter cancellation test (SLCT). Mental and emotional well-being was measured using World Health Organization Well-being index (WHO-5) and Strength and Difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) respectively. Data analysis was performed using paired sample t-test and repeated measure ANOVA. Results: Teenagers demonstrated a 33% increase in average accuracy for SLCT post intervention. WHO-5 mental well-being index scores also increased significantly (p <1). The participants experienced significant reduction in emotional problems and hyperactivity as measured by SDQ. The benefits of the retreat continued to persist, when measured after 40 days of the intervention. Conclusion: A well-structured meditation retreat has significant and long term benefits on teenagers’ mental well-being, emotional stability and cognitive capacity.

The immediate effect of Sinapis nigra and Zingiber officinale as thermogenic substances during footbaths: A Randomized Controlled Cross-over Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Vagedes ◽  
Silja Kuderer ◽  
Eduard Helmert ◽  
Katrin Vagedes ◽  
Matthias Kohl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Stimulus Perception ◽  
Late Evening ◽  
Short And Long Term

Objective: Warm footbaths infused with Sinapis nigra (mustard, or MU) or Zingiber officinale (ginger, or GI) are used for various thermoregulatory conditions, but little is known about how they are perceived by individuals, both short- and long-term. We analyzed the immediate and long-term effects of MU and GI on warmth and stimulus perception in healthy adults. Methods: Seventeen individuals (mean age 22.1±2.4 years; 11 female) received three footbaths (mean temperature was 40 ± 0.2 ℃, administered between 1:30-6:30pm) in a randomized order with a cross-over design: 1. with warm water only (WA), 2. with warm water and MU and 3. with warm water and GI. Warmth and stimulus perception at the feet were assessed at the 1st, 5th, 10th, 15th, and 20th minute of the footbaths, in the late evening (EVE), and the following morning (MG). We further assessed well-being (at EVE and MG) and sleep quality (at MG). The primary outcome measure was the warmth perception at the feet at the 10th minute of the footbath. Results: At the 10th minute of the footbath, warmth perception at the feet was significantly higher with MU and GI compared to WA. The immediate thermogenic effects pointed to a quick increase in warmth and stimulus perception with MU, a slower increase with GI, and a gradual decrease with WA. Regarding the long-term effects, warmth and stimulus perception were still higher after GI compared to WA at EVE and MG. No differences were seen for general well-being and sleep quality. Conclusion: Thermogenic substances can significantly alter the dynamics of warmth and stimulus perception when added to footbaths. The different profiles in the application of GI and MU could be relevant for a more differentiated and specific use of both substances in different therapeutic indications.

scholarly journals Sleep and health: examining the relation of sleep to burnout and well-being using a consumer fitness tracker

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina R. Grossi ◽  
Bernad Batinic ◽  
Sebastian Moharitsch
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Essential Requirement ◽  
White Collar Workers ◽  
Fitness Tracker

AbstractSleep is an essential requirement for both physiological and psychological functioning and has an impact on various health parameters. The present study aimed to examine how quantity and quality of sleep predicts burnout and well-being by using both self-reported and objectively collected sleep data. The participants were 104 white-collar workers who wore a fitness tracker for 14 consecutive days and filled out a questionnaire about sleep, burnout, and well-being. The results showed that self-reported sleep quality predicts burnout and well-being, but neither did self-reported nor objective sleep duration. We concluded that although measuring sleep duration with a consumer fitness tracker still needs to be improved, it is a useful addition to self-reported sleep measures. The study did solidify results from previous self-reported measures and point out the prominent role of sleep quality rather than hours of sleep.

scholarly journals Exploring genetic moderators and epigenetic mediators of contextual and family effects: From Gene × Environment to epigenetics

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4pt2) ◽  
pp. 1333-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. H. Beach ◽  
Gene H. Brody ◽  
Allen W. Barton ◽  
Robert A. Philibert
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Family Effects ◽  
Community Environments ◽  
Family Based

AbstractIn the current manuscript, we provide an overview of a research program at the University of Georgia's Center for Family Research designed to expand upon rapid and ongoing developments in the fields of genetics and epigenetics. By placing those developments in the context of translational research on family and community determinants of health and well-being among rural African Americans, we hope to identify novel, modifiable environments and biological processes. In the first section of the article, we review our earlier work on genotypic variation effects on the association between family context and mental and physical health outcomes as well as differential responses to family-based intervention. We then transition to discuss our more recent research on the association of family and community environments with epigenetic processes. In this second section of the article, we begin by briefly reviewing terminology and basic considerations before describing evidence that early environments may influence epigenetic motifs that potentially serve as mediators of long-term effects of early family and community environments on longer term health outcomes. We also provide evidence that genotype may sometimes influence epigenetic outcomes. Finally, we describe our recent efforts to use genome-wide characterization of epigenetic patterns to better understand the biological impact of protective parenting on long-term shifts in inflammatory processes and its potential implications for young adult health. As will be clear, research on epigenetics as a mediator of the connections between family/community processes and a range of health outcomes is still in its infancy, but the potential to develop important insights regarding mechanisms linking modifiable environments to biological processes and long-term health outcomes already is coming into view.

scholarly journals Anxiety and depressive symptoms are associated with poor sleep health during a period of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown: a cross-sectional analysis of adults in Jordan

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e041995
Author(s):  
Yazan A Al-Ajlouni ◽  
Su Hyun Park ◽  
Jude Alawa ◽  
Ghaith Shamaileh ◽  
Aziz Bawab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Problem ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Short Sleep

Background Jordan, a Middle Eastern country, declared a state of national emergency due to COVID-19 and a strict nationwide lockdown on 17 March 2020, banning all travel and movement around the country, potentially impacting mental health. This study sought to investigate the association between mental health (eg, anxiety and depressive symptoms) and sleep health among a sample of Jordanians living through a state of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown. Methods Using Facebook, participants (n=1240) in Jordan in March 2020 were recruited and direct to a web-based survey measuring anxiety (items from General Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale instrument), depressive symptoms (items from Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), sleep health (items from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and sociodemographic. A modified Poisson regression model with robust error variance. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% CIs were estimated to examine how anxiety and depressive symptoms may affect different dimensions of sleep health: (1) poor sleep quality, (2) short sleep duration, (3) encountering sleep problems. Results The majority of participants reported having experienced mild (33.8%), moderate (12.9%) or severe (6.3%) levels of anxiety during lockdown, and nearly half of respondents reported depressive symptoms during lockdown. Similarly, over 60% of participants reported having experienced at least one sleep problem in the last week, and nearly half reported having had short sleep duration. Importantly, anxiety was associated with poor sleep health outcomes. For example, corresponding to the dose–response relationship between anxiety and sleep health outcomes, those reporting severe anxiety were the most likely to experience poor sleep quality (aPR =8.95; 95% CI=6.12 to 13.08), short sleep duration (aPR =2.23; 95% CI=1.91 to 2.61) and at least one problem sleep problem (aPR=1.73; 95% CI=1.54 to 1.95). Moreover, depressive symptoms were also associated with poor sleep health outcomes. As compared with scoring in the first quartile, scoring fourth quartile was associated with poor sleep quality (aPR=11.82; 95% CI=6.64 to 21.04), short sleep duration (aPR=1.87; 95% CI=1.58 to 2.22), and experiencing at least one sleep problem (aPR=1.90; 95% CI=1.66 to 2.18). Conclusions Increased levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms can negatively influence sleep health among a sample of Jordanian adults living in a state of COVID-19-induced nationwide lockdown.

Business Class Travel Preserves Sleep Quality and Quantity and Minimizes Jet Lag During the ICC Women’s T20 World Cup

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Benita J. Lalor ◽  
Jacqueline Tran ◽  
Shona L. Halson ◽  
Justin G. Kemp ◽  
Stuart J. Cormack
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Jet Lag ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Median Split ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: To determine the impact of the quality and quantity of sleep during an international flight on subsequent objective sleep characteristics, training and match-day load, self-reported well-being, and perceptions of jet lag of elite female cricketers during an International Cricket Council Women’s T20 World Cup. Methods: In-flight and tournament objective sleep characteristics of 11 elite female cricketers were assessed using activity monitors. Seated in business class, players traveled west from Melbourne, Australia, to Chennai, India. The outbound flight departed Melbourne at 3:30 AM with a stopover in Dubai for 2 hours. The arrival time in Chennai was 8:10 PM local time (1:40 AM in Melbourne). The total travel time was 19 hours 35 minutes. Perceptual ratings of jet lag, well-being, and training and competition load were collected. To determine the impact of in-flight sleep on tournament measures, a median split was used to create subsamples based on (1) in-flight sleep quantity and (2) in-flight sleep quality (2 groups: higher vs lower). Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the bivariate associations between sleep measures, self-reported well-being, perceptual measures of jet lag, and internal training and match-day load. Results: Mean duration and efficiency of in-flight sleep bouts were 4.72 hours and 87.45%, respectively. Aggregated in-flight sleep duration was 14.64 + 3.56 hours. Players with higher in-flight sleep efficiency reported higher ratings for fatigue (ie, lower perceived fatigue) during the tournament period. Tournament sleep duration was longer, and bed and wake times were earlier compared with habitual. Compared with other nights during the tournament, sleep duration was shorter following matches. Conclusions: Maximizing in-flight sleep quality and quantity appears to have implications for recovery and sleep exhibited during competition. Sleep duration was longer than habitual except for the night of a match, which suggests that T20 matches may disrupt sleep duration.

scholarly journals Astronauts well-being and possibly anti-aging improved during long-duration spaceflight

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuniaki Otsuka ◽  
Germaine Cornelissen ◽  
Satoshi Furukawa ◽  
Yutaka Kubo ◽  
Koichi Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Magnetic Fluctuations ◽  
Activity Change ◽  
Rr Intervals ◽  
Mission Duration ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

AbstractThis study assesses how circadian rhythms of heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV) and activity change during long-term missions in space and how they relate to sleep quality. Ambulatory 48-h ECG and 96-h actigraphy were performed four times on ten healthy astronauts (44.7 ± 6.9 years; 9 men): 120.4 ± 43.7 days (Before) launch; 21.1 ± 2.5 days (ISS01) and 143.0 ± 27.1 days (ISS02) after launch; and 86.6 ± 40.6 days (After) return to Earth. Sleep quality was determined by sleep-related changes in activity, RR-intervals, HRV HF- and VLF-components and LF-band. The circadian amplitude of HR (HR-A) was larger in space (ISS01: 12.54, P = 0.0099; ISS02: 12.77, P = 0.0364) than on Earth (Before: 10.90; After: 10.55 bpm). Sleep duration in space (ISS01/ISS02) increased in 3 (Group A, from 370.7 to 388.0/413.0 min) and decreased in 7 (Group B, from 454.0 to 408.9/381.6 min) astronauts. Sleep quality improved in Group B from 7.07 to 8.36 (ISS01) and 9.36 (ISS02, P = 0.0001). Sleep-related parasympathetic activity increased from 55.2% to 74.8% (pNN50, P = 0.0010) (ISS02). HR-A correlated with the 24-h (r = 0.8110, P = 0.0044), 12-h (r = 0.6963, P = 0.0253), and 48-h (r = 0.6921, P = 0.0266) amplitudes of the magnetic declination index. These findings suggest associations of mission duration with increased well-being and anti-aging benefitting from magnetic fluctuations.

The Rationale for a Well-Being Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-24
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Social Narrative

This chapter presents the rationale for a well-being approach. A well-being approach—that is, establishing well-being as the goal and measure of what matters in order to create a future in which people, communities, and the planet can all thrive—provides a new compass for decision-making, resource allocation, social narrative, and even consciousness. The chapter highlights the benefits, positive outcomes, and potential for transformation via a well-being approach. Some of the key points include the ability of a well-being approach to: shift the focus to things that matter most to people and communities; create more urgency to address inequities and shift power; break down structural barriers and “silos” to encourage cross-sector collaboration; link human well-being and environmental sustainability; create a new expectation, demand, and accountability for a well-being agenda; and focus on the future through long-term agendas and inter-generational leadership. Meanwhile, key among the enabling conditions for well-being in the local context are truth telling about history and experiences, and ensuring that benefits are equitably shared.

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