CO-OCCURRENCE OF ABUSE AND NEGLECT AS REPORTED BY DEMENTIA FAMILY CAREGIVERS

Abstract Understanding the co-occurrence or overlap among multiple forms of elder abuse and neglect (EAN) is important for designing effective interventions. This paper reports patterns of family caregiver’s daily behaviors related to physical assault, psychological mistreatment, and neglect. Majority of participants self-reported at least one EAN behavior (74%), with most reporting using multiple forms of EAN over the 21-day period (52%). On a given day, psychological mistreatment and neglect were more likely to happen in isolation, while physical assault was more likely to co-occur with psychological mistreatment. The mixed model’s intra-class coefficient suggests the daily context, rather than personal characteristics, explain the variance in the use of EAN. These findings highlight the importance of never minimizing a single event of EAN reported in clinical practice, give the high rate of polyvictimization, and reinforces the need to understand why caregivers use one form of EAN over another on a given day.

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Impact of Sensitization of Family Caregivers upon Treatment Compliance among Geriatric Patients Suffering from Elder Abuse and Neglect

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9020226 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 226

Author(s):

Rishabh Garg ◽

Khurshid Mattoo ◽

Lakshya Kumar ◽

Imran Khalid ◽

Fawaz Baig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Caregivers ◽

Treatment Satisfaction ◽

Geriatric Patients ◽

Elder Abuse ◽

Treatment Compliance ◽

Control Group ◽

Elder Abuse And Neglect ◽

Abuse And Neglect ◽

Group B ◽

The Impact

Geriatric patients in various outpatient department (OPDs) have been found to agonize from elder abuse and neglect (EAN). Such suffering imposes depressive states within individuals, which in turn affects treatment compliance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of sensitization (psychotherapeutic) of family caregivers (FCGs) upon two denture treatment parameters (maintenance and treatment satisfaction) among EAN patients and compare the differences in outcome with non-abused patients. A survey of completely edentulous subjects (n = 860, aged 41–80 years) provided a sampling frame of 332 EAN patients from which 150 patients (including FCGs) fulfilling the study criteria were distributed (simple random, convenient) into two groups (Group A—control, Group B—test). FCG sensitization for subjects in Group B was performed by a clinical psychologist in 2–4 short (30 min) sessions. Demographic characteristics (frequency) were measured using a self-reported questionnaire, denture maintenance was measured using a denture hygiene index (scores), and treatment satisfaction was analyzed on a 10-point visual analog scale. Relevant data were calculated for means and absolute/relative frequencies. Any difference between two groups was estimated using an unpaired t-test while the level of relationship was determined by Karl Pearson’s test at a p-value of < 0.05. The results showed highest frequency (38.6%) for neglect, with elder neglect (EN) being most common (38.14% alone and 14% in combination). EN was found more if the FCG was a son (52%), in the age group (21–30 years), and with low education and low income (75%). Patients whose FCGs were counselled (Group B) demonstrated low denture plaque scores (mean = 1.38 ± 0.618), while demonstrating comparatively higher scores in six different parameters of treatment satisfaction. Differences between the two groups for both parameters were also found to be statistically significant. Psychotherapeutic counselling in the form of FCG sensitization brings better results of denture maintenance and treatment satisfaction.

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INTEREST GROUP SESSION—ABUSE, NEGLECT AND EXPLOITATION OF ELDERLY PEOPLE: DAILY REFLECTIONS OF DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS: MICRO-LONGITUDINAL APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING ELDER ABUSE AND NEGLECT

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.2001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S544-S544

Author(s):

Carolyn E Pickering ◽

Zach Gassoumis

Keyword(s):

Protective Factors ◽

Family Caregivers ◽

Elder Abuse ◽

Intervention Development ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Elder Abuse And Neglect ◽

Diary Studies ◽

Abuse And Neglect

Abstract Studies with clinic samples have found approximately 50% of family caregivers self-report engaging in abusive and neglectful acts towards the person with dementia whom they assist. Despite this, interventions to reduce and prevent elder abuse and neglect in dementia caregiving are lacking. To develop targeted interventions, the field still has much to learn about what happens during single incidents of elder abuse and neglect including (1) the types of tactics used (2) contextually-based risk/protective factors and (3) circumstances surrounding acts. This symposium will advance discussions on these topics through presentation of pilot data from a micro-longitudinal study on abuse and neglect within dementia family caregiving. Micro-longitudinal methods, such as daily diary studies, rely on intensive longitudinal measures over shorter periods of time. This approach can better ascertain ecologically-valid factors and identify temporal patterning between variables than traditional longitudinal and cross-sectional methods. First, we will provide an overview of the pilot project with family caregivers (N=50) completing diaries for 21 days. The second presenter will discuss data on the co-occurrence of different types of elder abuse and neglect as they manifest in daily lives of family caregivers, and lead discussion on measurement considerations. The next presenter will discuss data on contextually-based risk and protective factors for abuse and neglect that occur during daily caregiving activities. The final presentation will discuss findings on caregivers’ perceptions of the circumstances surrounding abusive and neglectful behaviors. Discussion will focus on how these findings, and methods, can be used to advance intervention development for the field.

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Elder Abuse and Neglect in China: Prevalence, Co-occurrence, and Intergenerational Risk Factors

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260520985501 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088626052098550

Author(s):

Mengtong Chen ◽

Ko Ling Chan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Childhood Abuse ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Elder Abuse ◽

Elderly Parents ◽

Contextual Risk ◽

Elder Abuse And Neglect ◽

The Past ◽

Abuse And Neglect

The prevalence and patterns of elder abuse and neglect in China have been understudied. The objectives of this study were to examine the chronicity and prevalence of different patterns of elder abuse, and the influence of individual and contextual risk factors. We used data from a sample of 7,466 adults randomly recruited from six regions in China. The participants responded to a questionnaire about their demographic characteristics, childhood abuse experiences, and instances of abuse and neglect against their elderly parents. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of elder abuse and neglect with individual and contextual factors. The results showed that one in 10 participants reported that their elderly parents had experienced abuse or neglect in the past year. The elder victims were reported to have suffered different types of abuse and neglect on multiple occasions, ranging from 3.6 to 11.82 times on average. More than 5% of participants reported that their elderly parents had suffered two or more types of abuse and neglect in the past year, accounting for 40% of the elderly victims. The co-occurrence of elder abuse within elderly couples was also high. Reports of abuse and neglect of elderly parents were related to low socioeconomic status, living in rural areas, and the experience of childhood abuse of the participants. This study supports the model of intergenerational transmission of violence in the Chinese population. The high prevalence, chronicity, and co-occurrence of elder abuse and neglect underline the importance of screening for risk factors, and have implications for preventive practice and policy.

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ELDER ABUSE AND NEGLECT IN MEDICINE AND LAW: THE NEED FOR REFORM

Journal of Legal Medicine ◽

10.1080/019476401750365174 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 159-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Sana Loue

Keyword(s):

Elder Abuse ◽

Elder Abuse And Neglect ◽

Abuse And Neglect

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Consequences of Elder Abuse and Neglect: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838017692798 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 197-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Raudah Mohd Yunus ◽

Noran Naqiah Hairi ◽

Wan Yuen Choo

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Health Care ◽

Low Income ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Elder Abuse ◽

Care Utilization ◽

Health Care Consumption ◽

Elder Abuse And Neglect ◽

Wide Range ◽

Abuse And Neglect

This article presents the results of a systematic review of the consequences of elder abuse and neglect (EAN). A systematic search was conducted in seven electronic databases and three sources of gray literature up to January 8, 2016, supplemented by scanning of citation lists in relevant articles and contact with field experts. All observational studies investigating elder abuse as a risk factor for adverse health outcomes, mortality, and health-care utilization were included. Of 517 articles initially captured, 19 articles met our inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Two reviewers independently performed abstract screening, full-texts appraisal, and quality assessment using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Across 19 studies, methodological heterogeneity was a prominent feature; seven definitions of EAN and nine measurement tools for abuse were employed. Summary of results reveals a wide range of EAN outcomes, from premature mortality to increased health-care consumption and various forms of physical and psychological symptoms. Higher risks of mortality emerged as the most credible outcome, while the majority of morbidity outcomes originated from cross-sectional studies. Our findings suggest that there is an underrepresentation of older adults from non-Western populations and developing countries, and there is a need for more population-based prospective studies in middle- and low-income regions. Evidence gathered from this review is crucial in upgrading current practices, formulating policies, and shaping the future direction of research.

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