scholarly journals FOOD INSECURITY AND COST-RELATED MEDICATION NON-ADHERENCE IN OLDER ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S635-S635
Author(s):  
Lisa L Boss ◽  
Shaunna Caouette
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Food insecurity (FI) is defined as having limited access to nutritional and safe foods due to lack of financial resources and is believed to negatively influence health outcomes. Older adults, in particular, face rising healthcare costs and may be forced to choose between purchasing prescribed medications and using their limited financial resources for basic needs, such as food. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationship of food insecurity (FI) and cost-related medication non-adherence (CRN) in older adults living in the community setting. A comprehensive, electronic review of the literature was performed. Criteria for inclusion were original quantitative or qualitative research, written in English, human participants ≥60 years, and published from January 2000 through January 2019. The total number of studies included was six. Main findings from the studies largely indicate that FI and CRN are significantly and positively correlated in older adults living in American communities. Further, CRN increases with the severity of FI. Most participants in these six studies were female, non-Hispanic white, with an annual household income <20k, and with less than a high school education. Although preliminary evidence is promising, research with more rigorous design is warranted to better understand the relationship of FI and CRN in older adults, and to develop appropriate interventions and programs for this growing public health concern.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Effects of Football Playing on Changes in Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11828
Author(s):  
Randall Gutiérrez-Vargas ◽  
Alexis Ugalde-Ramírez ◽  
Markel Rico-González ◽  
José Pino-Ortega ◽  
Juan González-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Bdnf Level ◽  
Exercise Effect ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Serum Bdnf

Background: Consistent evidence suggests that exercise improves cognition and decision making, with preliminary evidence suggesting that brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNFs) may mediate these effects on high-intensity interval activities, such as in football playing. We conducted a systematic review of studies on football players or football task interventions that evaluated the causality of exercise or its relationship with changes in the basal BDNF level. Methods: The search was conducted in PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane, and FECYT (Web of Sciences, CCC, DIIDW, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, and SCIELO) according to the guidelines for performing systematic reviews in the sport sciences field. Results: From the 44 studies initially identified, seven studies were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analysed. In the scientific study of football, the studies published thus far have explored the relationship of serum BDNF levels and other cognitive function factors with the genetic expression of polymorphisms, the anthropometric and fitness conditions, the acute exercise effect of the match, and the typical actions of the match such as heading. Conclusions: The heterogeneity of designs and variables evaluated in studies related to BDNF exercise or interaction and football playing does not allow us to conclusively determine that there is a relationship with the cause or effect of genetic, anthropometric, or conditional factors that derive from an increase in BDNF due to actions during the playing of football.

Respiratory Periodicity and Electroencephalogram Arousals During Sleep in Older Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Waag Carlson ◽  
Virginia J. Neelon ◽  
John R. Carlson ◽  
Marilyn Hartman ◽  
Sunil Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Arterial Oxygenation ◽  
Type B ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

The aim of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship of electroencephalogram (EEG) arousals to breathing patterns and the relationship of both arousals and breathing patterns to arterial oxygenation during sleep in older adults. Five older adults were monitored using standard polysomnography. Records were divided into 5-min segments and breathing patterns identified based on the level of respiratory periodicity and the variability in the frequency of breathing cycles. Standard criteria were used to determine sleep states and occurrence of EEG arousals. High respiratory periodicity was seen in 23% of the segments, whereas 24% had low respiratory periodicity with minimal variability in the frequency of breathing (Type A low respiratory periodicity) and 53% had low respiratory periodicity with high variability in the frequency of breathing (Type B low respiratory periodicity). Nearly all (97%) segments with high respiratory periodicity had EEG arousals, whereas fewer segments (33%) with low respiratory periodicity had arousals, regardless of the stage of sleep. Desaturations occurred more often in segments with high respiratory periodicity, F (2,4) = 57.3, p < .001, but overall, the mean SaO2 of segments with high respiratory periodicity did not differ from levels seen in segments with low respiratory periodicity, F( 2,4) = 0.77, ns. Our findings suggest that high respiratory periodicity is a common feature of EEG arousals and, in older adults, may be important for maintaining oxygen levels during desaturations during sleep.

scholarly journals Sedentary behaviors and psychological outcomes among older adults: a systematic review

Motricidade ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Ramalho ◽  
João Petrica ◽  
António Rosado
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sedentary Activities

This systematic review aimed to synthesize the scientific evidence about the relationship between sedentary behaviours and various psychological outcomes in older adults. The study searches were conducted in the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, ISI Web of Knowledge and ScienceDirect. We selected 15 observational quantitative studies according to specific eligibility criteria. The data extraction was performed independently by different authors, including the evaluation of the risk of bias of the studies and the classification of the force of evidence. The results showed a tendency of showing no associations between the sedentary behaviours, the well-being and quality of life of the elderly. Concerning life satisfaction and perceived stress, it seems that active sedentary activities have positive effects on these indicators. Evidence has also suggested that some sedentary behaviours may help maintain some cognitive functions in the elderly population, namely in different types of memory. In other studies, it has been demonstrated a tendency that too much time in passive sedentary activities has been associated with depressive symptomatology. However, this review suggested that the evidence is not yet consistent in the relationship between the sedentary behaviours of the elderly and the indicators analysed, and more research is needed.

The Relationship of Older Adults' Activities and Body Mass Index

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristi Rahrig Jenkins ◽  
Nancy H. Fultz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Assessing Language in Unstructured Conversation in People With Aphasia: Methods, Psychometric Integrity, Normative Data, and Comparison to a Structured Narrative Task

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Marion C. Leaman ◽  
Lisa A. Edmonds
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Picture Book ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Percent Correct ◽  
Global Coherence ◽  
Literature Base ◽  
Communicative Success ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study evaluated interrater reliability (IRR) and test–retest stability (TRTS) of seven linguistic measures (percent correct information units, relevance, subject–verb–[object], complete utterance, grammaticality, referential cohesion, global coherence), and communicative success in unstructured conversation and in a story narrative monologue (SNM) in persons with aphasia (PWAs) and matched participants without aphasia (M-PWoAs). Furthermore, the relationship of language in unstructured conversation and SNM was investigated for these measures. Methods Twenty PWAs and 20 M-PWoAs participated in two unstructured conversations on different days with different speech-language pathologists trained as social conversation partners. An 8- to 12-min segment of each conversation was analyzed. Additionally, a wordless picture book was used to elicit an SNM sample at each visit. Correlational analyses were conducted to address the primary research questions. Normative range and minimal detectable change data were also calculated for the measures in both conditions. Results IRR and TRTS were moderate to good for parametric measures and moderate to excellent for nonparametric measures for both groups, except for TRTS for referential cohesion for the PWAs in conversation. Furthermore, in PWAs, a strong correlation was demonstrated for three of eight measures across conditions. Moderate or weaker correlations were demonstrated for three of eight measures, and correlations for two of eight measures were not significant. An ancillary finding was no significant differences occurred for sample-to-sample variability between the two conditions for any measure. Conclusions This study replicates previous research demonstrating the feasibility to reliably measure language in unstructured conversation in PWAs. Furthermore, this study provides preliminary evidence that language production varies for some measures between unstructured conversation and SNM, contributing to a literature base that demonstrates language variation between different types of monologue. Thus, these findings suggest that inclusion of the specific types of discourse of interest to the PWA may be important for comprehensive assessment of aphasia. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16569360

The relationship of handwriting ability and literacy in kindergarten: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Ray ◽  
Kerry Dally ◽  
Leah Rowlandson ◽  
Kit Iong Tam ◽  
Alison E. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document