PATHWAYS TO RESILIENCE: TRANSFORMING TRAUMA THROUGH THE POWER OF NETWORKS

Abstract Resilience has been examined in various age groups, initially focused on vulnerable children and more recently in enhancement of resilience in various age groups and in response to trauma. Based on studies of resilience in Holocaust survivors and intergenerational engagement to promote resilience in former gang members and isolated older adults, Corley’s 3E model of Experience, Expression and Engagement is discussed in terms of multiple studies and the implications for forming and strengthening networks in communities at risk. This includes initiating creative coalition-building endeavors to address loneliness in residential settings for older adults evolving from a project funded to the Motion Picture and Television Fund in Los Angeles from the AARP Foundation.

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Cognitive Load Affects Speech Motor Performance Differently in Older and Younger Adults

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2018_jslhr-s-17-0222 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 1258-1277 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Megan K. MacPherson

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Load ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Age Groups ◽

Incongruent Condition ◽

Sentence Production ◽

Movement Duration ◽

Production Task ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Speech Motor

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the impact of cognitive load imposed by a speech production task on the speech motor performance of healthy older and younger adults. Response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory were the primary cognitive processes of interest.MethodTwelve healthy older and 12 healthy younger adults produced multiple repetitions of 4 sentences containing an embedded Stroop task in 2 cognitive load conditions: congruent and incongruent. The incongruent condition, which required participants to suppress orthographic information to say the font colors in which color words were written, represented an increase in cognitive load relative to the congruent condition in which word text and font color matched. Kinematic measures of articulatory coordination variability and movement duration as well as a behavioral measure of sentence production accuracy were compared between groups and conditions and across 3 sentence segments (pre-, during-, and post-Stroop).ResultsIncreased cognitive load in the incongruent condition was associated with increased articulatory coordination variability and movement duration, compared to the congruent Stroop condition, for both age groups. Overall, the effect of increased cognitive load was greater for older adults than younger adults and was greatest in the portion of the sentence in which cognitive load was manipulated (during-Stroop), followed by the pre-Stroop segment. Sentence production accuracy was reduced for older adults in the incongruent condition.ConclusionsIncreased cognitive load involving response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory processes within a speech production task disrupted both the stability and timing with which speech was produced by both age groups. Older adults' speech motor performance may have been more affected due to age-related changes in cognitive and motoric functions that result in altered motor cognition.

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Video Games and Emotion Regulation

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000196 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 205-213 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kathryn L. Ossenfort ◽

Derek M. Isaacowitz

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Video Games ◽

Age Differences ◽

Interactive Media ◽

Age Groups ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Media Usage ◽

The Everyday ◽

Media Preferences

Abstract. Research on age differences in media usage has shown that older adults are more likely than younger adults to select positive emotional content. Research on emotional aging has examined whether older adults also seek out positivity in the everyday situations they choose, resulting so far in mixed results. We investigated the emotional choices of different age groups using video games as a more interactive type of affect-laden stimuli. Participants made multiple selections from a group of positive and negative games. Results showed that older adults selected the more positive games, but also reported feeling worse after playing them. Results supplement the literature on positivity in situation selection as well as on older adults’ interactive media preferences.

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Conflict Monitoring Across the Life Span

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803/a000120 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 124-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Daniela Czernochowski

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Life Span ◽

Age Groups ◽

Conflict Detection ◽

Response Conflict ◽

Conflict Monitoring ◽

Subsequent Performance ◽

Additional Control ◽

Performance Response ◽

Conflict Detection And Resolution

Errors can play a major role for optimizing subsequent performance: Response conflict associated with (near) errors signals the need to recruit additional control resources to minimize future conflict. However, so far it remains open whether children and older adults also adjust their performance as a function of preceding response conflict. To examine the life span development of conflict detection and resolution, response conflict was elicited during a task-switching paradigm. Electrophysiological correlates of conflict detection for correct and incorrect responses and behavioral indices of post-error adjustments were assessed while participants in four age groups were asked to focus on either speed or accuracy. Despite difficulties in resolving response conflict, the ability to detect response conflict as indexed by the Ne/ERN component was expected to mature early and be preserved in older adults. As predicted, reliable Ne/ERN peaks were detected across age groups. However, only for adults Ne/ERN amplitudes associated with errors were larger compared to Nc/CRN amplitudes for correct trials under accuracy instructions, suggesting an ongoing maturation in the ability to differentiate levels of response conflict. Behavioral interference costs were considerable in both children and older adults. Performance for children and older adults deteriorated rather than improved following errors, in line with intact conflict detection, but impaired conflict resolution. Thus, participants in all age groups were able to detect response conflict, but only young adults successfully avoided subsequent conflict by up-regulating control.

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A preliminary study of adaptations of interpersonal psychotherapy for older adults at risk for suicide

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e558182009-008 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

M. J. Heisel ◽

P. R. Duberstein ◽

N. L. Talbot ◽

D. A. King ◽

X. M. Tu

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

At Risk ◽

Interpersonal Psychotherapy ◽

Preliminary Study

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Age and marital status predictors of binge alcohol use among adults with major depressive episode

10.31234/osf.io/e7w6y ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Areen Omary

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Marital Status ◽

Depressive Episode ◽

Major Depressive Episode ◽

Age Groups ◽

Future Research ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Never Married ◽

At Risk Populations

Aims: This study aims to examine if age and marital status can predict the risk for binge alcohol use (BAU) among adults with a major depressive episode (MDE). Methods: Data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) 2018 National Survey for Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were analyzed. The unweighted sample included 6,999 adults representing a weighted population size of 33,900,452.122 in the US. Results and Conclusions: The findings of this retrospective research confirmed that age and marital status significantly predicted BAU in the past month among adults with MDE. Adults with MDE at higher risk for BAU were adults under the age of 50, adults who were never married, and adults who were divorced/separated. Special attention must be paid to those in age groups under 50, never married, and have been separated/divorced who are particularly at-risk for future alcohol abuse. Future research should consider examining additional potential confounders for BAU among other at-risk populations.

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Anticipatory Care Planning Intervention for Older Adults at Risk of Functional Decline: A Primary Care Feasibility Study

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct03902743 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Primary Care ◽

At Risk ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Functional Decline ◽

Care Planning ◽

Planning Intervention

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TAIC: Student-led Exercise for Older Adults at Risk of Falling

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct03961750 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

At Risk ◽

Risk Of Falling

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Introduction

10.1093/oso/9780190865788.003.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Steven Cohan

Keyword(s):

Los Angeles ◽

Motion Picture ◽

Motion Picture Industry ◽

Theoretical Argument ◽

Historical Overview ◽

Silent Era

The introduction provides the theoretical argument of the book. It explains why the backstudio picture is not a cycle but a genre in its own right, and how the genre depicts Hollywood as a geographic place in Los Angeles, as an industry, and as a symbol. It goes on to show how the backstudio picture has historically served to brand the motion picture industry as “Hollywood,” working in much the same way as consumer brands do today. Additionally, the introduction provides a historical overview of the genre, focusing on its four major cycles of production, from the silent era to the present day. Finally, it briefly describes the content of the seven chapters.

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‘Too old to test?’: A life course approach to HIV-related risk and self-testing among midlife-older adults in Malawi

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10573-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cheryl Johnson ◽

Moses Kumwenda ◽

Jamilah Meghji ◽

Augustine T. Choko ◽

Mackwellings Phiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Life Course ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

Sexual Risk ◽

Age Groups ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Treatment As Prevention ◽

Sexual Risk Taking ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Self Testing

Abstract Background Despite the aging HIV epidemic, increasing age can be associated with hesitancy to test. Addressing this gap is a critical policy concern and highlights the urgent need to identify the underlying factors, to improve knowledge of HIV-related risks as well as uptake of HIV testing and prevention services, in midlife-older adults. Methods We conducted five focus group discussions and 12 in-depth interviews between April 2013 and November 2016 among rural and urban Malawian midlife-older (≥30 years) men and women. Using a life-course theoretical framework we explored how age is enacted socially and its implications on HIV testing and sexual risk behaviours. We also explore the potential for HIV self-testing (HIVST) to be part of a broader strategy for engaging midlife-older adults in HIV testing, prevention and care. Thematic analysis was used to identify recurrent themes and variations. Results Midlife-older adults (30–74 years of age) associated their age with respectability and identified HIV as “a disease of youth” that would not affect them, with age protecting them against infidelity and sexual risk-taking. HIV testing was felt to be stigmatizing, challenging age norms, threatening social status, and implying “lack of wisdom”. These norms drove self-testing preferences at home or other locations deemed age and gender appropriate. Awareness of the potential for long-standing undiagnosed HIV to be carried forward from past relationships was minimal, as was understanding of treatment-as-prevention. These norms led to HIV testing being perceived as a threat to status by older adults, contributing to low levels of recent HIV testing compared to younger adults. Conclusions Characteristics associated with age-gender norms and social position encourage self-testing but drive poor HIV-risk perception and unacceptability of conventional HIV testing in midlife-older adults. There is an urgent need to provide targeted messages and services more appropriate to midlife-older adults in sub-Saharan Africa. HIVST which has often been highlighted as a tool for reaching young people, may be a valuable tool for engaging midlife-older age groups who may not otherwise test.

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