Discretionary Power and Criteria to Issue Site-Blocking Orders

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Blocking Orders ◽  
Site Blocking

Blocking Orders: Assessing Tensions with Human Rights

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Geiger ◽  
Elena Izyumenko
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Blocking Orders

scholarly journals Achieving Social and Ecological Outcomes in Collaborative Environmental Governance: Good Examples from Swedish Moose Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Sabrina Dressel ◽  
Annelie Sjölander-Lindqvist ◽  
Maria Johansson ◽  
Göran Ericsson ◽  
Camilla Sandström
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Ecological Context ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Resource Governance ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social

Collaborative governance approaches have been suggested as strategies to handle wicked environmental problems. Evaluations have found promising examples of effective natural resource governance, but also highlighted the importance of social-ecological context and institutional design. The aim of this study was to identify factors that contribute to the achievement of social and ecological sustainability within Swedish moose (Alces alces) management. In 2012, a multi-level collaborative governance regime was implemented to decrease conflicts among stakeholders. We carried out semi-structured interviews with six ‘good examples’ (i.e., Moose Management Groups that showed positive social and ecological outcomes). We found that ‘good examples’ collectively identified existing knowledge gaps and management challenges and used their discretionary power to develop procedural arrangements that are adapted to the social-ecological context, their theory of change, and attributes of local actors. This contributed to the creation of bridging social capital and principled engagement across governance levels. Thus, our results indicate the existence of higher-order social learning as well as a positive feedback from within-level collaboration dynamics to between-level collaboration. Furthermore, our study illustrates the importance of institutional flexibility to utilize the existing knowledge across stakeholder groups and to allow for adaptations based on the social learning process.

A Conservative Critique of Blacksburg

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip W. Gray ◽  
Sara Mattingly-Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Civil Servants ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Constitutional Democracy ◽  
Michael Oakeshott ◽  
Administrative Theory

This article presents a conservative rejoinder to the Blacksburg perspective inviting a more discursive elaboration on the overlaps between key conservative thinkers, such as those from Michael Oakeshott, and portions of the Blacksburg view, specifically from the works of John Rohr and Charles T. Goodsell. We posit a conservative perspective that would contest three points in the Refounding texts. The article concludes by elaborating on the generative role that a discussion between the Refounders and key conservatives plays in positing new avenues for administrative theory and addressing challenges to the discretionary power of civil servants in a constitutional democracy.

Electoral and Partisan Cycles in the Canadian Provinces

1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Petry ◽  
Louis M. Imbeau ◽  
Jean Crête ◽  
Michel Clavet
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Normal Behaviour ◽  
Political Budget Cycle ◽  
Budget Cycle ◽  
Opportunistic Behaviour ◽  
Electoral Defeat ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
The Government ◽  
Expansionary Policy

AbstractThis study tests explanations of the growth of Canadian provincial governments that draw from the political budget cycle approach. The approach assumes that governments jointly respond to electoral and partisan goals. When the next election is not expected soon, the government uses its discretionary power to pursue its ideological target. When the next election is near, politicians in government, fearing electoral defeat, deviate from their normal behaviour and engage in a re-election effort by undertaking an expansionary policy. This study suggests that provincial governments behave in the opportunistic fashion described by the model. Moreover, there is no sign that this opportunistic behaviour has been affected by government cutbacks in the 1990s.

scholarly journals Enzyme-Site Blocking Combined with Optimization of Molecular Docking for Efficient Discovery of Potential Tyrosinase Specific Inhibitors from Puerariae lobatae Radix

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haichun Liu ◽  
Yitian Zhu ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Jin Qi ◽  
Xuming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibition ◽  
Computational Docking ◽  
Site Blocking ◽  
Leading Compounds ◽  
Positive Results

Enzyme inhibitors from natural products are becoming an attractive target for drug discovery and development; however, separating enzyme inhibitors from natural-product extracts is highly complex. In this study, we developed a strategy based on tyrosinase-site blocking ultrafiltration integrated with HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and optimized molecular docking to screen tyrosinase inhibitors from Puerariae lobatae Radix extract. Under optimized ultrafiltration parameters, we previously used kojic acid, a known tyrosinase inhibitor, to block the tyrosinase active site in order to eliminate false-positive results. Using this strategy, puerarin, mirificin, daidzin and genistinc were successfully identified as potential ligands, and after systematic evaluation by several docking programs, the rank of the identified compounds predicted by computational docking was puerarin > mirificin > kojic acid > daidzin ≈ genistin, which agreed with the results of tyrosinase-inhibition assays. Structure-activity relationships indicated that C-glycosides showed better tyrosinase inhibition as compared with O-glycosides, with reduced inhibition achieved through the addition of glycosyl, which provides ideas about the screen of leading compounds and structural modification.

Cleaning up after the Mess: The Individual-Community Nexus in Correctional Rehabilitation

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
Roger Guy
Keyword(s):  
Observational Learning ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Albert Bandura ◽  
Parole Officers ◽  
The Individual

The population of America's local, state, and federal prisons increased by nearly 340 percent between 1980 and 2005 (Paparozzi and Demichele 2008). Much of this increase reflects policy intended to get tough on criminals by locking them up longer and removing discretionary power of judges. Therefore, community corrections (i.e., probation and parole) have assumed increased attention recently as more prisoners are diverted and placed on probation and others are released through mandatory parole. One of the most measurable goals of community corrections is a reduction in recidivism. Much of what works today has its origins in symbolic interaction theory. Most social learning occurs through what Albert Bandura referred to as “observational learning.” One component of this approach as applied to community corrections involves parole officers modeling behavior for the offender. Research has shown us that successful modeling requires skill on the part of parole officers in order for the process of observational learning to occur. The second component in therapeutic intervention in corrections is that the client/offender must have the opportunity to reinforce the new behavior. Research suggests that this “role playing” should occur in a nonthreatening environment, with the offender receiving reinforcement for positive prosocial/noncriminal behavior and immediate disapproval for antisocial behavior. Finally, this paper will propose an integrative approach for prisoner reentry that extends this process of resocialization to include broader involvement of social institutions and the community.

Homicide in Islamic Law

1951 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
The Third ◽  
Simple Classification ◽  
First Category ◽  
Injured Party ◽  
The Right ◽  
Exclusive Or

Perhaps the first point which attracts the attention of the European lawyer who begins to study the treatment of qatl (homicide) in the text-books of Islamic law is that it is there treated, in modern parlance, more as a tort than a crime. To understand the offence properly, however, no such simple classification will suffice: instead, it is essential to view it in its historical setting and detailed development.Under the heading of ‘uqūbāt, or punishments, Muslim lawyers treat primarily the very limited number of offences for which definite penalties (hudūd, singular hadd) are expressly prescribed in the arīa, although reference is also frequently made to the discretionary power of the Ruler or Judge suitably to punish other wrongdoing. Offences in general, moreover, are normally sub-divided into those which are regarded as exclusively involving the “right of God”, those in which both the “right of God” and the right of some individual is recognized but the former is held to preponderate, and those in which the latter is regarded as predominant. In the first category all jurists include sariqa in its two degrees (theft and brigandage), zinā (illicit sex relations), urb (wine drinking) and, when placed in this context, irtidād (apostacy from Islam); in the second, some jurists place qaf (the unproved assertion of a chaste person's incontinence), although others put this in the third category; while in the latter all include homicide and wounding. In effect an offence in which the right of God (as the Head of the community) is held to be exclusive or preponderant more or less corresponds to the modern crime, and one in which a private individual's right is regarded as predominant to the modern tort, for the chief practical difference is that in the former neither the party primarily injured nor, indeed, the Court may drop the case or allow a settlement once it has been started, while in the latter the injured party may do either at his or her discretion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document