5. Oil and Political Economy in the International Relations of the Middle East

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Luciani
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Rentier State ◽  
Eastern State ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Middle East Policy

This chapter examines the impact of oil and political economy on the international relations of the Middle East. It begins by discussing the relationship between oil and the consolidation and evolution of the modern Middle Eastern state system, noting that, while outside powers have invariably used oil in their calculations of Middle East policy, oil has figured less prominently in the foreign policies of Arab states. As regards domestic politics, the rentier state paradigm shows how oil has conditioned economic and political outcomes in both oil-rich and oil-poor states, slowing down the prospects for reform. The chapter proceeds by assessing the influence of oil on inter-Arab relations and concludes with some reflections on the regional and international environments as well as the political order in the Middle East.

A Dictionary of Politics in the Middle East

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Coates Ulrichsen
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Rentier State ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Arab Spring

Over 300 entriesThis dictionary provides a useful overview of the wide array of political structures and systems that comprise the contemporary Middle East. From Turkey through Iraq and Iran, to the Arabian Peninsula and the states of North Africa, it includes up-to-date definitions of political organizations, key political figures, and important developments, as well as region-specific concepts such as Majlis, academic terms such as rentier state theory, and events such as the Arab Spring.It is an essential reference resource for students taking courses or modules in politics in the Middle East or broader subject areas such as politics, history, economics, and international relations with a specific focus on Middle Eastern politics.

8. Islam and International Relations in the Middle East: From Umma to Nation State

2019 ◽  
pp. 180-200
Author(s):  
Peter Mandaville
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Affect States

This chapter addresses the role of Islam in the international relations in the Middle East. In a historically informed account, it shows how Islam has interacted with the domestic, regional, and international politics of the region in a variety of forms. Its influence, however, has ebbed and flowed alongside different currents in regional and international relations. In this regard, globalization has been a facilitator of transnational Islam, but by no means a force for union. Notwithstanding its evident importance, there has been little substantive presence of religion in the foreign policies of Middle Eastern states, even in those more overtly Islamic ones such as Saudi Arabia and Iran. However, the popular uprisings in the Arab world created new opportunities and challenges for the Islamic movement, which continue to affect states' foreign policies notably through the phenomenon of ‘sectarianization’.

scholarly journals The political consequences of the product cycle: industrial history and political outcomes

1979 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Kurth
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Product Cycle ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Industrial History ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
The Impact

What explains the continuing stagnation in the industrial economies of the West? What will be the impact of such stagnation upon domestic politics and upon international relations? Are there domestic and foreign policies which the state can undertake to bring about a return to sustained economic prosperity and a recapitulation of that lost golden age of 1948–1973? These are now the central questions for scholars in the emerging field of international political economy. A recent special issue of International Organization, edited by Peter Katzenstein, has presented some of the most useful and sophisticated approaches to these questions and analyses of the international political economy of the West during the period of the last thirty years.

scholarly journals UNITED STATES: A REVIEW OF THE US MIDDLE EAST POLICY FROM HARRY TRUMAN TO BILL CLINTON

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-65
Author(s):  
Kardo RACHED ◽  
Salam ABDULRAHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Middle East ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Bill Clinton ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
American President ◽  
The Us ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Middle East Policy

Since the Second World War, the Middle East has been mentioned in connection with the national interest of America manifested by US presidents. This paper looks at the US foreign policy in the Middle East from Truman to Clinton on the premise that the US foreign policy has contributed to creating a breeding ground for dissatisfaction toward the US In this context, the paper focuses on the doctrines in use from the time of President Truman to Clinton. Thus, every American president has a doctrine, and this doctrine tells what political line the president follows regarding domestic and foreign policies. Keywords: Middle-East, Israel, US national interest, Soviet Union, Natural resources, ideologies.

Middle East Dilemma: Pakistan’s Role as Mediator for Conflict Resolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Zikriya ◽  
Naushad Khan ◽  
Asif Salim
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
East Region ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Middle East Region

The development of International relations together with forces like globalization and technology has brought the world closer to each other. Friendly ties and relations with states create massive challenges during times of conflict. The focus of the paper is on the crisis evolving in the Middle East region and the role of Pakistan in solving those crisis considering relations with its closest allies, political and financial circumstances, and its foreign policy principles. A qualitative research approach with desk analysis technique has been applied to analyse the role of Pakistan as a mediator for the conflict resolution among Middle Eastern countries. The research highlights how the disputes created great problems for Pakistan but it is still striving to resolve conflicts among Middle Eastern countries because maintaining peace and prosperity in the Muslim world has always been a top priority of Pakistan’s foreign policy.

5. Oil and Political Economy in the International Relations of the Middle East

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-131
Author(s):  
Giacomo Luciani
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Rentier States

This chapter looks at the role of oil in the political economy and the international relations of the Middle East. Oil is commonly considered a political commodity. Because of its pivotal importance as a primary source of energy, governments are concerned with its continued availability and seek to minimize import dependence. Historically, interest in oil — especially in the United Kingdom and the United States — strongly influenced attitudes towards the Middle East and the formation of the state system in the region, following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. Oil also affects the power balance within the region. The polarization in the region between oil-rich and oil-poor states is thus an essential tool of analysis. The parallel distinction between rentier and non-rentier states helps to explain how oil affects the domestic political development of the oil-rich states and influences their regional relations.

scholarly journals IR in the Middle East: foreign policy analysis in theoretical approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
May Darwich ◽  
Juliet Kaarbo
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Foreign Policy Analysis ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Missed Opportunity

Research on international relations of the Middle East (IRME) has suffered from a schism between International Relations (IR) theory and regional particularities. To address this, scholars have offered corrective accounts by adding domestic factors to IR structural approaches. Studies on IRME thus reflect the turn to decision-making and domestic politics that has recently occurred. This article develops a critical analysis of the domestic politics orientation in IRME. We argue that this scholarship ignores work in foreign policy analysis (FPA) with its psychological-oriented and agent-based dimensions and that this constitutes a missed opportunity for the study of the region. The article offers suggestions for incorporating FPA research into IRME and argues that an FPA perspective offers an alternative and complementary approach to the eclectic frameworks predominant in the scholarship on IRME.

'Freedom's a Lifestyle Choice': US Cultural Diplomacy, Empire's Soundtrack, and Middle Eastern 'Youth' in our Contemporary Global Infowar

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-135
Author(s):  
Omar El-Khairy
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Lifestyle Choice ◽  
Point Of Entry ◽  
Communication Culture

AbstractThe point of entry for this article is contemporary globalization, in particular its triumphant tone and promise of an alternative and improved global political arrangement. Although accepting that many of the most visible cultural expressions of globalization are American, contemporary accounts seem inadequate to address how globalization is more specifically providing the infrastructure for America's global dominance of 'benevolent supremacy.' Such an endeavor cannot be described simply in terms of a traditional colonial project, but rather as a pursuit of hegemony through techniques of government, modernization, and development, driven by the themes of American social doxa. With today's shift from an iron curtain ideology to a velvet curtain of culture, how is one to understand the current disjuncture(s) between the economy, communication, culture, and politics – this globally variable synaesthesia? This article, therefore, attempts to highlight today's mechanisms of control, as well as hip-hop culture's particular attempts to counteract our contemporary technopoly through its formation of alternative public spheres. Cultural campaigns are increasingly becoming the primary front to today's post-modern political economy. Through an investigation into the sensory assault of contemporary globalization across the Middle East, this article strives to re-work conventional approaches to the relation ship between commerce, communication, and culture in the region. The article concludes by interrogating what our soundtrack of globalization sounds like today, as well as the possible lessons to be learnt from those lost tapes of freedom which directed previous generations.

scholarly journals El estudio de Medio Oriente en la disciplina de relaciones internacionales en México

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (225) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Marta Tawil Kuri
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Knowing How ◽  
Policy Relevance ◽  
Phd Theses ◽  
Masters Degree

The present work is mostly based on BA, Masters degree and PhD theses on Middle Eastern issues and countries that have been written by students of international relations since 1980 in four Mexican universities. Predominant topics as well as methodological and theoretical tools are identified, which are then linked to the question of knowing how the growing interest in the Middle East among Mexican internationalists, and their efforts in this field, are effectively reflected in both the publication of articles and books in Mexico, and in the policy relevance and public engagement of scholars. What has been detected so far gives an encouraging and at the same time disconcerting picture, related to research and documentation networks, financial resources, and the priorities set out by Mexico’s national neoliberalist identity and structural positionality.

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