scholarly journals Employee's perceived exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, passive smoking risk beliefs and attitudes towards smoking: a case study in a university setting

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Duaso ◽  
J. De Irala ◽  
N. Canga
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Risk Beliefs ◽  
University Setting ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Passive smoking among adolescents in Estonia

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kersti Piirna
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Active Smoking ◽  
Adolescent Smokers ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Considerable Impact

1 The objective ofthis study was to assess prevalence and patterns of passive smoking in Estonia and to describe how environmental tobacco smoke is likely to initiate the desire in adolescents to start active smoking. 2 A population sample of 2170 students within the age groups of 13-14,15-16 and 17-18 of school grades 8, 10 and 12, respectively, at Tallinn High Schools participated in this study. The data w,ere collected using questionnaires which mainly consisted of structured multiple-choice and a few open questions. 3 Every fourth adolescent in Tallinn was either an occasional or a habitual smoker. 4 Nearly half (48%) of the respondents had no daily exposure to cigarette smoke. Almost one third (31%) was exposed daily for less than 1 h, 15% for 1-5 h and 6% for over 5 h a day. 5 The number of adolescent smokers was higher than non-smokers among those daily inhaling tobacco sidestream smoke. 6 In conclusion, environment gives considerable impact to the development of smoking habits among adolescents. Passive smoking as an inducing factor is associated with higher prevalence of smoking among the adolescents studied.

scholarly journals Self-Reported Exposure to ETS (Environmental Tobacco Smoke), Urinary Cotinine, and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Pregnant Women—The Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubica Argalasova ◽  
Ingrid Zitnanova ◽  
Diana Vondrova ◽  
Monika Dvorakova ◽  
Lucia Laubertova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Parameters

Background: Exposure to ETS (environmental tobacco smoke) is one of the most toxic environmental exposures. Objective: To investigate the association of ETS with physiological, biochemical, and psychological indicators, as well as with urine antioxidant capacity (AC) and oxidative damage to lipids in a pilot sample of healthy pregnant women. Methods: Exposure to ETS was investigated via a validated questionnaire, and urine cotinine and the marker of oxidative damage to lipids via 8-isoprostane concentrations using an ELISA kit. Urine AC was determined by the spectrophotometric Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) method. From a sample of pregnant women (n = 319, average age 30.84 ± 5.09 years) in 80, the levels of cotinine and oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Results: Among the 80 pregnant women, 5% (7.4% confirmed by cotinine) reported being current smokers and 25% reported passive smoking in the household (18.8% confirmed by cotinine). The Kappa was 0.78 for smokers and 0.22 for ETS-exposed nonsmokers. Pregnant women in the ETS-exposed group had significantly reduced AC compared to both the nonsmoker (ETS−) and the smoker groups (p < 0.05). Nonsmokers had significantly lower levels of 8-isoprostane than smokers (p < 0.01) and ETS-exposed nonsmokers (p < 0.05). Correlations between urine levels of cotinine and AC were positive in ETS-exposed nonsmokers. Conclusion: A harmful association of active and passive smoking and oxidative stress parameters among pregnant women has been indicated.

scholarly journals Health Risk of Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewan Raja ◽  
Bahar Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Secondhand Smoking ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Home Area

Environmental tobacco smoke is a preventable cause of significant morbidity and mortality among non-smokers. Reducing exposure to tobacco smoke is an essential community and public health objective. This report documents the substantial evidence characterizing the health risks caused by exposure to passive smoking. Multiple major reviews of evidence have concluded that environmental tobacco smoke is a known human carcinogen and that exposure to passive smoke causes adverse effects like SIDS, congenital birth defects, lead poisoning, and lung cancer. Regrettably, reductions in exposure have been slower among small children than among adults, as growing workplace restriction protects the majority of adults while the homes remain the most important source of exposure for children. The relationship between passive smoking exposure and potential health hazards to all ages of population were researched. We analyzed and systematically reviewed information from multiple literature sources. We found that everyone from the fetus to the elderly is significantly affected by passive smoking. Like firsthand smoking, secondhand smoking is also hazardous. Health education and regulations regarding secondhand smoking in both the office and home area can improve public health. This paper indicates a critical need for second hand smoke reduction interventions especially among vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and respiratory symptoms in school children of Nis

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Nikolic ◽  
Dragana Nikic ◽  
Konstansa Lazarevic
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
School Children ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hereditary Predisposition ◽  
Passive Smoker ◽  
Significant Difference

INTRODUCTION. There is relatively strong evidence among children showing that passive smoking is associated with respiratory symptoms and respiratory diseases, but few studies have been carried out in Serbian population. OBJECTIVE. Establishment of association between exposure to tobacco smoke within family and prevalence of the upper and lower respiratory symptoms in school children. METHOD. In this descriptive epidemiological study, studied population consisted of 533 school children, 12.96?1.54 years old, residents of Nis town, from the area with identical open air pollution. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure was recorded in 382 children. Data about symptoms in children, conditions of habitation, presence of pets and hereditary predisposition were entered into structured questionnaire. RESULTS. T-test and ?2-test statistics showed no significant difference of living conditions, hereditary predisposition among children and average time which passive smoker and nonsmoker children spent indoors. In both groups, the upper respiratory symptoms were more frequent (42.4%-80.2%) in comparison to lower respiratory symptoms (14.4%-25.7%). There was significant difference of the upper and lower respiratory symptoms between the exposed children and control group (?2=9.7>?2 (1.005) =3.8, p>0.05 - for the upper and ? 2 =4.4 >? 2 (1.005) =3.8, p>0.05 - for the lower respiratory symptoms). Primary health care need for respiratory symptoms and diseases due to effect of passive smoking was higher in the exposed children. CONCLUSION. The results provide evidence of adverse respiratory effects of passive smoking to children being exposed to smoke in domestic setting. These findings emphasize the need for effective measures of prevention of involuntary smoking during childhood in Serbia.

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 788-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
AK Hedström ◽  
M Bäärnhielm ◽  
T Olsson ◽  
L Alfredsson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Moist Snuff ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Incident Cases

Background: Tobacco smoking has consistently been associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis. However, data has been inconsistent regarding the influence of passive smoking. Objective: The aim was to estimate the influence of passive smoking on the risk for multiple sclerosis. Methods: A population-based case–control study using incident cases of multiple sclerosis was performed in Sweden, and the study population was restricted to subjects who had never smoked (695 cases, 1635 controls). The incidence of multiple sclerosis among never-smokers who had been exposed to passive smoking was compared with that of never-smokers who had never been exposed by calculating the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval employing logistic regression. Results: The risk for multiple sclerosis was increased among never-smokers who had been exposed to passive smoking (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.6) compared to never-smokers who had never been exposed. The risk increased with increasing duration of exposure ( p = 0.003). Conclusions: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is associated with an increased risk for multiple sclerosis. Since smoking, but not usage of oral tobacco in the form of moist snuff, is associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis, we consider that the critical effects of passive smoking may be the result of irritations in the lungs. Hence, further studies would be valuable in order to clarify whether other forms of lung irritation, such as air pollution, contribute to the triggering of multiple sclerosis.

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