scholarly journals The Changing Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Goes Up May Come Down

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Western World ◽  
Geographic Variations ◽  
Newly Industrialized Countries ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Recent epidemiologic studies have shown that although the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rapidly increasing in newly industrialized countries, at the turn of the 21st century the incidence had stabilized in the Western world. In this issue of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Torabi and colleagues present their findings on the temporal trends and geographic variations in IBD incidence in Manitoba from 1990 to 2012 using the Manitoba Health population registry and the University of Manitoba IBD epidemiology database. Their results demonstrate an overall decrease in the incidence of IBD during the study period. They also found significant regional variations in disease incidence within Manitoba, with rates of new diagnosis of IBD remaining high in several regions. Lastly, the study found that a higher proportion of the indigenous population had a lower rate of IBD. These findings provide new insights on the changing epidemiology of IBD in the Western world. The overall declining incidence of IBD and identification of persistently low and high-risk populations in Manitoba, which traditionally has had some of the highest incidence rates of IBD, is intriguing and can provide new avenues of research for epidemiologists in the field.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Bowel Disease Incidence and Prevalence in Southern Alberta

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith G Davis ◽  
Michael G Grace ◽  
Noel Hershfield
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Incidence and prevalence rates of inflammatory bowel disease were estimated for 1976-81 in southern Alberta. Cases were identified using hospital and physician records and membership lists of the Canadian Foundation for Ileitis and Colitis. A mail survey was conducted to obtain demographic data. Population data were obtained from Statistics Canada. The overall prevalence rate of IBO in men was 69.1 per 105 and 97.6 per 105 in women. Incidence rates of IBD were 6.0 per 105 per year in men and 9.2 per 105 per year in women. These six differences were due to Crohn's disease as female incidence rates were twice that of male rates 6.3 per 105 per year versus 3. L per LOS per year. A bimodal age distribution and female predominance in the younger age groups was apparent for Crohn's disease.

A 30-year Trend Analysis in the Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Songpa-Kangdong District of Seoul, Korea in 1986–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1410-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hyoung Park ◽  
Ye-Jee Kim ◽  
Kyoung Hoon Rhee ◽  
Young-Ho Kim ◽  
Sung Noh Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Perianal Fistula ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Adjusted Incidence Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background and Aims Although the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is increasing in Asia, data on long-term epidemiological trends are limited. We performed a 30-year longitudinal study to investigate temporal trends in the epidemiology of Crohn’s disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC] in Seoul, Korea. Methods This population-based study included 1431 IBD patients [418 CD, 1013 UC] diagnosed between 1986 and 2015 in the Songpa-Kangdong district of Seoul, Korea. Temporal trends in incidence, prevalence, and disease phenotype at diagnosis were analysed. Results The adjusted mean annual incidence rates of CD and UC per 100 000 inhabitants increased from 0.06 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05–0.07) and 0.29 [95% CI, 0.27–0.31], respectively, in 1986–1990 to 2.44 [95% CI, 2.38–2.50] and 5.82 [95% CI, 5.73–5.92], respectively, in 2011–2015. Average annual percentage change in IBD incidence was 12.3% in 1986–1995, 12.3% in 1996–2005, and 3.3% in 2006–2015. The male-to-female ratio of the adjusted incidence rate was 3.3:1 for CD and 1.2:1 for UC. Perianal fistula/abscess was present in 43.3% of patients before or at CD diagnosis. At diagnosis, 54.3% of UC patients presented only with proctitis. The adjusted prevalence rate in 2015 was 31.59/100 000 [95% CI, 31.10–32.07] for CD and 76.66/100 000 [95% CI, 75.91–77.42] for UC. Conclusions The incidence and prevalence of IBD in Korea have continued to increase over the past three decades. Korean patients have distinct demographic and phenotypic characteristics, including a male predominance and high frequency of perianal fistula/abscess in CD and high proportion of proctitis in UC.

scholarly journals Risk of Malignant Cancers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1302-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Y Loo ◽  
Maria Vutcovici ◽  
Alain Bitton ◽  
Peter L Lakatos ◽  
Laurent Azoulay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives To explore the trends and the predictors of incident malignant cancer among patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. Methods We identified a cohort of all patients with incident IBD in Quebec, Canada, from 1998 to 2015, using provincial administrative health-care databases [RAMQ and Med-Echo]. Annual incidence rates [IRs] of cancer were calculated using Poisson regression and were compared with those of the Quebec population using standardized incidence ratios [SIRs ]. Temporal trends in these rates were evaluated by fitting generalized linear models. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios [ORs] for predictors associated with cancer development. Results The cohort included 35 985 patients with IBD, of which 2275 developed cancers over a mean follow-up of 8 years (IR 785.6 per 100 000 persons per year; 95% confidence interval [CI] 754.0–818.5). The rate of colorectal cancer decreased significantly from 1998 to 2015 [p < 0.05 for linear trend], but the incidence remained higher than expected, compared with the Quebec population [SIR 1.39; 95% CI 1.19–1.60]. Rates of extraintestinal cancers increased non-significantly over time [p = 0.11 for linear trend]. In the IBD cohort, chronic kidney disease [OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.17–1.43], respiratory diseases [OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.02–1.12], and diabetes mellitus [OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.01–1.11] were associated with an increase in the incidence of cancer. Conclusions The decreasing rates of colorectal cancer suggest improved management and care in IBD. Further studies are needed to explore the impact of comorbid conditions on the risk of cancer in IBD.

scholarly journals Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease by race and ethnicity in a population-based inception cohort from 1970 through 2010

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481982769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satimai Aniwan ◽  
W. Scott Harmsen ◽  
William J. Tremaine ◽  
Edward V. Loftus
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background: Although inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been more predominant in white populations, an increasing incidence of IBD in nonwhites has been reported. We sought to evaluate the incidence rates and temporal trends of IBD by race and ethnicity. Methods: The resources of the Rochester Epidemiologic Project were used to identify 814 county residents newly diagnosed with IBD from 1970 through 2010. Race was categorized into whites and nonwhites. Ethnicity was categorized into Hispanic and non-Hispanic. Incidence rates were estimated and adjusted for age and sex to the 2010 United States (US) population. Trends in incidence rates were evaluated by Poisson regression. Results: The adjusted annual incidence rate of IBD for whites was 21.6 cases per 100,000 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI), 20.0–23.1] and for nonwhites it was 13 per 100,000 (95% CI, 8.3–17.5). The incidence rates for whites and nonwhites increased by 39% and 134%, respectively, from 1970 through 2010. The adjusted annual incidence rate of IBD for Hispanics was 15 cases per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 6.3–23.6) and for non-Hispanics was 20 per 100,000 (95% CI, 18.5–21.6). The incidence rate for Hispanics decreased by 56%, while the rate for non-Hispanics increased by 33%, from 1985 through 2010. In a Poisson regression, white race ( p < 0.0001), a later year of diagnosis ( p < 0.001), male sex ( p < 0.001) and younger age ( p = 0.009) were significantly associated with a higher incidence rate of IBD. Conclusions: There were significant racial and ethnic differences in the incidence and temporal trends of IBD over the last four decades in this US population-based cohort.

scholarly journals The Economic Impact of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canada

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-257
Author(s):  
Robert Hilsden
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Very High

Longobardi and colleagues examined the effect of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on employment, using data from 10,891 respondents aged 20 to 64 years from the 1998 cycle of the Canadian National Population Health Survey (NPHS) (1). This sample included 187 (1.7%) subjects who self-reported IBD or a similar bowel disorder. A significantly greater proportion of IBD than non-IBD respondents reported that they were not in the labour force (28.9% versus 18.5%). Even after adjusting for other factors (age group, level of pain, etc), subjects with IBD had a 2.9% higher nonparticipation rate (21.4%). For example, among people not hospitalized within the past year and with no limitation of activities due to pain, IBD subjects were 1.2 times more likely to be unemployed than those without IBD. Subjects who reported high levels of pain had a very high probability of being out of the labour force. Based on Canadian annual compensation data for all employed persons in Canada, and age- and sex-specific prevalence, and incidence rates for IBD, the authors estimated that there are 119,980 IBD patients between the ages of 20 and 64 years in Canada and that this group includes 3479 people who are not in the labour force. This translates into lost wages of $104.2 million, or $868 per IBD patient

scholarly journals Inflammatory bowel disease: the role of inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Balding ◽  
Wendy J. Livingstone ◽  
Judith Conroy ◽  
Lesley Mynett-Johnson ◽  
Donald G. Weir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms

THE mechanisms responsible for development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have not been fully elucidated, although the main cause of disease pathology is attributed to up-regulated inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to investigate frequencies of polymorphisms in genes encoding pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers in IBD patients and controls. We determined genotypes of patients with IBD (n=172) and healthy controls (n=389) for polymorphisms in genes encoding various cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF), IL-10, IL-1 receptor antagonist). Association of these genotypes to disease incidence and pathophysiology was investigated. No strong association was found with occurrence of IBD. Variation was observed between the ulcerative colitis study group and the control population for the TNF-α-308 polymorphism (p=0.0135). There was also variation in the frequency of IL-6-174 and TNF-α-308 genotypes in the ulcerative colitis group compared with the Crohn's disease group (p=0.01). We concluded that polymorphisms in inflammatory genes are associated with variations in IBD phenotype and disease susceptibility. Whether the polymorphisms are directly involved in regulating cytokine production, and consequently pathophysiology of IBD, or serve merely as markers in linkage disequilibrium with susceptibility genes remains unclear.

99 – Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Uk Primary Care: Temporal Trends in Epidemiology During the Early 21ST Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. S-23-S-24
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Pasvol ◽  
Laura Horsfall ◽  
Stuart Bloom ◽  
Anthony W. Segal ◽  
Caroline Sabin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Early 21St Century

scholarly journals Inflammatory Bowel Disease–Associated Changes in the Gut: Focus on Kazan Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lo Sasso ◽  
Lusine Khachatryan ◽  
Athanasios Kondylis ◽  
James N D Battey ◽  
Nicolas Sierro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Newly Industrialized Countries ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Several studies have highlighted the role of host–microbiome interactions in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), resulting in an increasing amount of data mainly focusing on Western patients. Because of the increasing prevalence of IBD in newly industrialized countries such as those in Asia, the Middle East, and South America, there is mounting interest in elucidating the gut microbiota of these populations. We present a comprehensive analysis of several IBD-related biomarkers and gut microbiota profiles and functions of a unique population of patients with IBD and healthy patients from Kazan (Republic of Tatarstan, Russia). Methods Blood and fecal IBD biomarkers, serum cytokines, and fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content were profiled. Finally, fecal microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S and whole-genome shotgun sequencing. Results Fecal microbiota whole-genome sequencing confirmed the presence of classic IBD dysbiotic features at the phylum level, with increased abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria and decreased abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia. At the genus level, the abundance of both fermentative (SCFA-producing and hydrogen (H2)-releasing) and hydrogenotrophic (H2-consuming) microbes was affected in patients with IBD. This imbalance was confirmed by the decreased abundance of SCFA species in the feces of patients with IBD and the change in anaerobic index, which mirrors the redox status of the intestine. Conclusions Our analyses highlighted how IBD-related dysbiotic microbiota—which are generally mainly linked to SCFA imbalance—may affect other important metabolic pathways, such as H2 metabolism, that are critical for host physiology and disease development.

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