scholarly journals Clinical Signs and Blood Test Results Among Humans Infected With Zoonotic Simian Foamy Virus: A Case-Control Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Buseyne ◽  
Edouard Betsem ◽  
Thomas Montange ◽  
Richard Njouom ◽  
Chanceline Bilounga Ndongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Test ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Foamy Virus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Simian Foamy Virus ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Suspected cancer symptoms and blood test results in primary care before a diagnosis of lung cancer: a case–control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (33) ◽  
pp. 3755-3762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura McDonald ◽  
Robert Carroll ◽  
Akash Harish ◽  
Nikhil Tanna ◽  
Faisal Mehmud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cancer Symptoms ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer ◽  
Control Study

Aim: To compare symptoms and blood test results prior to cancer diagnosis in individuals who developed lung cancer and those who did not. Patients & methods: Nested case–control study, lung cancer patients were matched to up four controls with no record of cancer. Differences in symptoms and blood test results were investigated in the 2-year period prior to diagnosis. Results: 26,379 lung cancer patients were matched to 92,125 controls. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) was independently predictive of lung cancer at every 2-month interval 12 months prior to diagnosis. Elevated CRP in conjunction with at least one symptom was associated with greater than fourfold higher odds of lung cancer. Conclusion: CRP may be a prediagnostic marker for lung cancer, and when present with other symptoms could facilitate the investigation of high-risk individuals.

scholarly journals FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENERAPAN INISIASI MENYUSU DINI (IMD) DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS JUMPANDANG BARU KOTA MAKASSAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Nurjaya Nurjaya ◽  
Djuhadiah Saadong ◽  
Subriah Subriah
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Birth Attendants ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang :  IMD sangat bermanfaat bukan hanya bagi bayi yang baru lahir tetapi juga bagi ibu yang melakukan IMD. Jika bayi berada dalam dekapan ibu, maka bayi tersebut dengan sendirinya merangkak ke payudara ibu dan akan mulai menghisap puting susu ibunya. Data menunjukkan bahwa di Indonesia, persentase pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) dalam 1 jam pertama setelah bayi dilahirkan masih rendah yaitu sebesar 38%. Angka tersebut masih jauh tertinggal bila dibandingkan dengan negara-negara berkembang lainnya seperti Oman (85%), Srilangka (75%), Filipina (54%), dan Turki (54%)(SDKI 2017). Oleh karena itu tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk Mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi penerapan inisiasi menyusu dini di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru Makassar tahun 2018..Jenis penelitian ini: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control study. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua ibu yang melahirkan di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jumpandang Baru. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan Consecutive Sampling yaitu dengan perbandingan 1 : 2 yang dibutuhkan adalah 30 kasus dan 60 kontrol.. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan lembaran kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan menggunakan uji Regresi Berganda LogistikHasil penelitian : Ada pengaruh pengetahuan ( OR = 5,5), peran bidan/penolong persalinan (OR = 12,571), dukungan dari suami ( OR = 3,3) terhadap penerapan inisiasi menyusu dini dan Hasil uji multivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel peran bidan/penolong persalinan merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap penerapan inisiasi menyusu dini dengan nilai Wald sebesar 13 dan signifikansi sebesar 0,010.Kesimpulan : Terdapat pengaruh pengetahuan, peran bidan/penolong persalinan , dukungan dari suami terhadap penerapan inisiasi menyusu dini, dan variable peran bidan/penolong persalinan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap penerapan inisiasi menyusu dini. Kata Kunci: Penerapan Inisiasi Menyusu DiniABSTRACT Background: IMD is very beneficial not only for newborns but also for mothers who do IMD. If the baby is in the mother's arms, the baby naturally crawls into the mother's breast and will start sucking her mother's nipples. Data shows that in Indonesia, the percentage of breastfeeding in the first 1 hour after the baby is born is still low at 38%. This figure is far behind when compared to other developing countries such as Oman (85%), Sri Lanka (75%), the Philippines (54%), and Turkey (54%) (IDHS 2017) . Therefore the purpose of the research This is to find out the factors that influence the application of early breastfeeding initiation in the working area of the Jumpandang Baru Makassar Health Center in 2018 ..Type of research: This study uses a case control study design. The population in this study were all mothers who gave birth in the Working Area of the Jumpandang Baru Health Center. Sampling was done by Consecutive Sampling, which is a ratio of 1: 2. It takes 30 cases and 60 controls. Data collection is done using a questionnaire sheet. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate using the Multiple Logistic Regression testResults: There was influence of knowledge (OR = 5,5), role of midwife / birth attendant (OR = 13), support from husband (OR = 3,3) on the application of early breastfeeding initiation and multivariate test results showed that the role of midwives / birth attendants was a factor the most influential on the application of early breastfeeding initiation with a Wald value of 12,956 and a significance of 0.010.Conclusion: There is an influence of knowledge, the role of midwives / birth attendants, support from husbands on the application of early breastfeeding initiation, and the role variables of midwives / birth attendants who most influence the application of early breastfeeding initiation. Keywords: Application of Early Breastfeeding Initiation 

scholarly journals Signs, symptoms, parafunctions and associated factors of parent-reported sleep bruxism in children: a case-control study

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 746-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júnia Maria Serra-Negra ◽  
Saul Martins Paiva ◽  
Sheyla Márcia Auad ◽  
Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge ◽  
Isabela Almeida Pordeus
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Sleep Bruxism ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Social Vulnerability Index ◽  
Wake Time ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
The City ◽  
Control Study

Bruxism is the non-functional clenching or grinding of the teeth that may occur during sleep or less commonly in daytime. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between clinical signs and symptoms, parafunctions and associated factors of sleep bruxism in children. A population-based case-control study was carried out involving 120 children, 8 years of age, with sleep bruxism and 240 children without sleep bruxism. The sample was randomly selected from public and private schools in the city of Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Groups were matched by gender and social class. The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) drawn up by the city of Belo Horizonte was employed for social classification. Data collection instruments included clinical forms and pre-tested questionnaires. The diagnosis of sleep bruxism was supported by the American Association of Sleep Medicine (AASM) criteria. The McNemar test, binary and multivariate logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis. The risk factors associated with sleep bruxism included: primary canine wear (OR=2.3 IC 95% 1.2-4.3), biting of objects like pencils or pens (OR=2.0 IC 95% 1.2-3.3) and wake-time bruxism (tooth clenching) (OR=2.3 IC 95% 1.2-4.3). Children that present the parafunctions of object biting and wake-time bruxism were more susceptible to sleep bruxism.

Dirofilaria immitis exposure status in client-owned cats with or without lower airway/lung-associated signs: case-control study in a canine heartworm-endemic area

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Hui Lin ◽  
Pei-Ying Lo ◽  
Han-Ju Tsai ◽  
Lih-Chiann Wang ◽  
Bor-Song Liaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Canine Heartworm ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Objectives Heartworm-associated respiratory disease (HARD) is a recently recognised pathological manifestation in cats caused by Dirofilaria immitis exposure. This study aimed to estimate the percentage of cats at risk of developing HARD in a heartworm-endemic area (Taipei, Taiwan), and to test the correlation of heartworm exposure and the presence of lower airway/lung clinical signs (LA/L signs). Methods This was a prospective case-control study. The study design called for the enrolment of at least 80 cats with LA/L signs and at least 80 cats without such clinical signs in a 1 year period. The D immitis antibody seroprevalence of the two cohorts was compared. Results From February 2014 to January 2015, 187 client-owned cats were prospectively enrolled: 83 clinical cases with LA/L signs and 104 cats without such signs. Antibody seropositivity was approximately twice as frequent in cats with LA/L signs (13.3%) than in cats without signs (7.8%) (odds ratio [OR] 1.814); nevertheless, no statistically significant difference between the two cohorts ( P = 0.22) was found. We used 41 frozen samples from free-roaming cats to examine the possibility of different exposure rates to mosquito bites between client-owned cats and stray cats, finding the seroprevalence to be 7.5% in free-roaming cats – a result not statistically different to that in client-owned cats ( P = 0.60). Outdoor access was a significant risk factor for heartworm exposure in client-owned cats (OR 3.748; P = 0.03); however, living entirely indoors did not provide complete protection from exposure/infection. Conclusions and relevance Our results did not show statistically significant differences in antibody seroprevalence between cats with and without LA/L signs. LA/L signs were not always present under conditions of natural exposure. However, exposure to D immitis is not rare among client-owned cats, suggesting that heartworm prophylactics should be a part of routine care in all cats living in areas endemic for canine heartworm.

scholarly journals Risk factors for postpartum sepsis: A nested case control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samina Bakhtawar ◽  
Sana Sheikh ◽  
Rahat Qureshi ◽  
Zahra Hoodbhoy ◽  
Beth Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Sign ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Discriminative Performance ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Majority (99%) of maternal deaths occur in low and middle income countries. The three most important causes of maternal deaths in these regions are postpartum hemorrhage, pre-eclampsia and puerperal sepsis. There are several diagnostic criteria used to identify sepsis and one of the commonly used criterion is systematic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). However, these criteria require laboratory investigations which may not be feasible in resource constrained settings. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a model based on risk factors and clinical signs and symptoms that can identify sepsis early among postpartum women.Methods: A case control study was nested in an ongoing cohort of 4000 postpartum women who delivered or were admitted in study hospital. According to standard criteria of SIRS, 100 women with sepsis (cases) and 498 women without sepsis (controls) were recruited from January to July 2017. Information related to socio-demographic status, antenatal care and maternal life styles were obtained via interview while pregnancy and delivery related information, comorbid and clinical sign and symptoms were retrieved from ongoing cohort. Multivariable logistic regression was performed and discriminative performance of the model was assessed using area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC).Results: Multivariable analysis revealed that 1-4 antenatal visits (95% CI 0.01 - 0.62), 3 or more vaginal examinations (95% CI 1.21 - 3.65), home delivery (95% CI 1.72-50.02), preterm delivery, diabetes in pregnancy (95% CI 1.93-20.23), lower abdominal pain (95% CI 1.15 - 3.42)) vaginal discharge (95% CI 2.97-20.21), SpO2 <93% (95% CI 4.80-37.10) and blood glucose were significantly associated with sepsis. AUC was 0.84 (95% C.I 0.80-0.89) which indicated that risk factors and clinical sign and symptoms based model has adequate ability to discriminate women with and without sepsis.Conclusion: This study developed a non-invasive tool which can identify postpartum women with sepsis as accurately as SIRS criteria with good discriminative ability. Once validated, this tool has a potential to be scaled up for community use by frontline health care workers.

scholarly journals Is Opium Use Associated with an Increased Risk of Lung Cancer? A Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami ◽  
Maryam Marzban ◽  
Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi ◽  
Shahryar Dabiri ◽  
Reza Abbasi Rayeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Opium Use ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Background: In recent years, lung cancer (LC) incidence has increased in Iran. The use of opium and its derivatives (O&D) has increased as well. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the use of O&D and LC incidence. Methods: In this case-control study conducted in Kerman, Iran; 140 patients with lung cancer and 284 healthy controls matched by age, sex, and place of residence were included. Data including O&D use, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and diet were collected using a structured questionnaire. The relation between the use of O&D and LC was evaluated using conditional logistic regression test. Results: The use of opium was associated with an increased risk of LC (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 7.95, 95% CI: 3.78 -16.73). A significant dose-response relation between the use of opium and its derivatives was observed (low use AOR = 7.47, 95% CI: 2.33-23.98 and high use AOR = 11.57, 95% CI: 2.25-59.49). Also, there was a relation between starting to use O&D at lower ages and an increased risk of LC (AOR = 5.78, 95 % CI: 2.36 - 14.14). Conclusion: The results of this study support that opium use could be considered as a strong risk factor for LC. Thus, it is highly suggested that tailored policies to be applied in order to reduce use of opium.

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