scholarly journals Why International Organizations Commit to Liberal Norms

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-640
Author(s):  
Jonas Tallberg ◽  
Magnus Lundgren ◽  
Thomas Sommerer ◽  
Theresa Squatrito
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Large N ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Unique Dataset

Abstract Recent decades have witnessed the emergence and spread of a broad range of liberal norms in global governance, among them sustainable development, gender equality, and human security. While existing scholarship tells us a lot about the trajectories of particular norms, we know much less about the broader patterns and sources of commitments to liberal norms by international organizations (IOs). This article offers the first comparative large-N analysis of such commitments, building on a unique dataset on IO policy decisions over the time period 1980–2015. Distinguishing between deep norm commitment and shallow norm recognition, the analysis produces several novel findings. We establish that IOs’ deeper commitments to liberal norms primarily are driven by internal conditions: democratic memberships and institutional designs more conducive to norm entrepreneurship. In contrast, legitimacy standards in the external environment of IOs, often invoked in existing research, mainly account for shallower recognition or “talk” of norms.

scholarly journals Global Governance V/S COVID-19: A Human Security Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
Alain Akl
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
World Order ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Contemporary World

Abstract After the Cold War, global governance emerged as an umbrella to address transnational challenges. But this concept is still somewhat ambiguous, and so is the contemporary world order, where a significant power shift has occurred from the nation-State to the “new actors.” On the other hand, it is now over a year since a global threat emerged, affecting millions of people. The COVID-19 challenge revealed several flaws in the contemporary world order, the United Nations system, and the international organizations’ role. It is therefore imperative that we ask ourselves about the nation-State’s ability to face the COVID-19 challenge on its own, as an introduction to raise the topic of facing the future transnational challenges. In this setting, the objective of this study is to shed the light on the aforementioned flaws, the contemporary challenges, and the way we tackle new threats as human beings. This study was conducted using a qualitative methodological approach based on analysis of secondary data. Following deductive reasoning, it highlights the importance of global governance in facing contemporary challenges in general before addressing the COVID-19 issue in particular. Study findings show that states, international organizations, and unofficial actors need to update the traditional approach to transnational challenges towards global governance. In this context, international conferences are a necessary tool to tackle new challenges related to human security.

Introductory Remarks By Kimberly Brown

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 301-304
Author(s):  
Kimberly Brown ◽  
Catherine Gibson ◽  
Fatema Sumar ◽  
Chantal Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Legal Regimes ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Women And Girls

This session explored the compatibility of some of the world's most prominent international organizations and legal regimes with three Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 5 (Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls); SDG 10 (Reduce inequality within and among countries); and SDG 16 (Promote peaceful and inclusive societies, access to justice, and accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels). Panelists reflected on whether international legal rules and organizations addressed or hindered these goals across three dimensions.

scholarly journals Global Governance V/S COVID-19 Pandemic: A Human Security Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (31) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Alain Akl
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
World Order ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Contemporary World

After the Cold War, global governance emerged as an umbrella to address transnational challenges. However, this concept is still somewhat ambiguous, and so is the contemporary world order, where a significant power shift has occurred from the nation-State to the "new actors". On the other hand, it is now over a year since a global threat emerged, affecting millions of people. The COVID-19 challenge revealed several flaws in the contemporary world order, the United Nations system, and the international organizations' role. Therefore, it is imperative that we ask ourselves about the nation-State’s ability to face the COVID-19 challenge on its own, as an introduction to raise the topic of facing future transnational challenges. In this setting, the objective of this study is to shed light on the aforementioned flaws, the contemporary challenges, and the way we tackle new threats as human beings. This article uses a qualitative methodological approach based on analysis of secondary data. Following deductive reasoning, it highlights the importance of global governance in facing contemporary challenges in general before addressing the COVID-19 issue in particular. Study findings show that states, international organizations, and unofficial actors need to update the traditional approach to transnational challenges towards global governance. In this context, international conferences are a necessary tool to tackle new challenges related to human security.

scholarly journals Global Peace Governance Justice and Sustainable Development of Economies

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-136
Author(s):  
Unmana Sarangi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Peace

The research paper entitled “Global Peace, Governance, Justice and Sustainable Development of Economies” focuses on detailing the aspects of global peace, governance issues and analyzes the global economic systems and the various international organizations that work in coordination with the other national and international organizations, civil societies, NGOs to attain peace, justice and effective global governance, to achieve SDGs and sustainable development slated by UN by the turn of 2030. It also studies the various issues pertaining to developing new economic partnerships for SDGs and the role of private multilateral international institutions in effective implementation of the SDGs of UN through a proper and effective coordination and working in synergy with these institutions with UN on the one hand and the other related national and international institutions such as other private multilateral institutions, NGOs, civil societies, world class academic institutions on the other to attain peace, governance, justice and SDGs. The aspect-wise review of literature i.e. global peace, governance, justice and SDGs has been reflected in brief studied by various authors. The functions of the various international organizations such as IMF, World Bank and WTO etc., in providing financial assistance and in developing rules and frameworks to achieve these objectives have also been studied. The role and functions of United Nations with regards to promotion of new global partnerships, peace, and governance including the role of private international organizations and multiregional trade complexes have also been highlighted. It is observed that the purpose of these international institutions which were created, were primarily to provide financing to the developing organizations including framing of rules and procedures for effective and harmonious global economic development. However, the tilt is towards giving more attention to developed economies and the focus on developing economies has been minimal. This has jeopardized the growth and development of these developing economies and reduced their participation and stakeholdership in the global forum/international community to attain effective and proper global economic development. This has posed a serious challenge to attain global peace, effective global governance and in turn promotion of SDGs. Hence, it would be appropriate and in the fitness of things to confer adequate and proper autonomy to these national institutions of importance working in various developing economies/countries to carve a niche for themselves to participate in adequate representations to make the international/global agenda as slated by UN, effective and successful. This in turn would definitely go a long way in attaining global peace, governance and justice and in achieving the SDGs by turn of 2030 as adopted by United Nations.

Mechanisms of Global Governance: Economic Analysis

2013 ◽  
pp. 4-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Grigoryev ◽  
A. Kurdin
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Global Problems

The coordination of economic activity at the global level is carried out through different mechanisms, which regulate activities of companies, states, international organizations. In spite of wide diversity of entrenched mechanisms of governance in different areas, they can be classified on the basis of key characteristics, including distribution of property rights, mechanisms of governance (in the narrow sense according to O. Williamson), mechanisms of expansion. This approach can contribute not only to classifying existing institutions but also to designing new ones. The modern aggravation of global problems may require rethinking mechanisms of global governance. The authors offer the universal framework for considering this problem and its possible solutions.

Ponna Wignaraja. Women, Poverty, and Resources. New Delhi Newbury/ London: Sage Publications. 1990.242 pp.

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
Faiz Bilquees
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
South Asia ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Rate Of Success

Poverty alleviation with reference to gender has been the focus of attention of national and international organizations since the seventies. Massive international assistance, both financial and technical, has been given for such programmes. However, the success rate of such projects has been fairly low. Two major reasons can be given for this low rate of success: (i) the projects have been imposed from the top without due regard to the local conditions, and the target group, i.e., the women, have been treated as objects rather than subjects; (ii) the donors and the implementing agencies have not always focused on the ultimate goal of sustainable development The success stories are quoted quite extensively but they have not been followed. The underlying factor behind their success was a strong faith in the capabilities of the masses at the grassroots level and the maximum use of local talent and expertise. Ponna Wignaraja has produced a wealth of infonnation by providing an in-depth review of the successful poverty alleviation projects amongst women which can lead to sustainable development in South Asia. He first analyses the successful cases in detail, and then he looks at the not very successful projects in Africa and Latin America, suggesting guidlines from specific successful projects in South Asia.

Accountability in Global Governance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Hirschmann
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
The Right ◽  
Austerity Policy ◽  
Comprehensive Study

How can international organizations (IOs) like the United Nations (UN) and their implementing partners be held accountable if their actions and policies violate fundamental human rights? Political scientists and legal scholars have shed a much-needed light on the limits of traditional accountability when it comes to complex global governance. However, conventional studies on IO accountability fail to systematically analyze a related, puzzling empirical trend: human rights violations that occur in the context of global governance do not go unnoticed altogether; they are investigated and sanctioned by independent third parties. This book puts forward the concept of pluralist accountability, whereby third parties hold IOs and their implementing partners accountable for human rights violations. We can expect pluralist accountability to evolve if a competitive environment stimulates third parties to enact accountability and if the implementing actors are vulnerable to human rights demands. Based on a comprehensive study of UN-mandated operations in Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Kosovo, the European Union Troika’s austerity policy, and global public–private health partnerships in India, this book demonstrates how competition and human rights vulnerability shape the evolution of pluralist accountability in response to diverse human rights violations, such as human trafficking, the violation of the rights of detainees, economic rights, and the right to consent in clinical trials. While highlighting the importance of studying alternative accountability mechanisms, this book also argues that pluralist accountability should not be regarded as a panacea for IOs’ legitimacy problems, as it is often less legalized and might cause multiple accountability disorder.

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