scholarly journals Theorizing Liberal Orders in Crisis Then and Now: Returning to Carr and Horkheimer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seán Molloy
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
International Order ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Ideology Critique ◽  
Max Horkheimer ◽  
Shared Commitment ◽  
Original Line

Abstract This article pursues an original line of inquiry by placing E.H. Carr in direct relation with his contemporary, Max Horkheimer. Although Carr is often cited as a progenitor by realists and critical theorists, these invocations of ancestry rarely go beyond passing references to Carr in presentist terms—i.e., how he relates to their present-day projects. By means of an extensive engagement with Horkheimer and Carr, the article reveals a shared commitment to ideology critique directed at bourgeois civilization. The article demonstrates that Carr's epistemology, critique of the harmony of interests, complex treatment of utopianism, and theorization of social transformation all have their counterparts in Horkheimer. The recovery of Carr's depth and sophistication as a theorist by means of a comparison of his positions with those of Horkheimer shows that at the time of its composition The Twenty Years’ Crisis was a cutting-edge exercise in critique by a theorist working on an ambitious canvas of civilizational scale. The article concludes with a section that demonstrates the continued relevance of Carr and Horkheimer by reference to contemporary debates about the crises currently affecting the liberal international order.

Critique as ideology critique in a neoliberal age

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 810-828
Author(s):  
Pauline Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Ideology Critique ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Popular Support ◽  
Max Horkheimer ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
To Come

Neo-liberalism is not working but carries on regardless. A society and all of its institutions modelled on market logics and imperatives has produced system crisis and has lost widespread popular support. To account for neo-liberalism’s continuing grip, we must submit this project to ideology critique. Max Horkheimer offers some relevant insights into what this requires. Ideology critique needs to come up with a competing measure of progress, it has to demonstrate why this ought to be the standard and it needs to expose the means by which this alternative is blocked. This article suggests that the normativity that underpins a social democratic project is best placed to prosecute these key tasks in a neo-liberal and historicizing age. It draws upon two major accounts of the ideological battlefield that has been staked out between neo-liberal and social democratic projects, looking to Wolfgang Streeck and Michel Foucault to identify the cultural resources that are available to, and the blocking strategies that have to be negotiated by, ideology critique in neo-liberal times. Finally it, turns to György Markus’s fine-grained and critical reading of the tasks of ideology critique outlined by Karl Marx. This section puts ideology critique into dialogue with a social democratic normativity in order to better consider the traction of ideology critique in a neo-liberal age.

Critical Stratagems in Adorno and Habermas: Theories of Ideology and the Ideology of Theory

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Cook
Keyword(s):  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Ideology Critique ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Max Horkheimer ◽  
Rational Potential ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
Communicative Reason ◽  
Immanent Critique

AbstractIn one of his many metaphorical turns of phrase – a leitmotif in The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity — Jürgen Habermas speaks of the path not taken by modern philosophers, a path that might have led them towards his own intersubjective notion of communicative reason. Habermas is especially critical of his predecessors, Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer, because, he believes, they repudiated the rational potential in the culture of modernity. Whenever Adorno and Horkheimer heard the word ‘culture’, they apparently reached for their revolvers. By the 1940s, their confidence in modern culture had allegedly succumbed to bitter disillusionment. Indeed, on Habermas's view, the confidence of these early critical theorists had been shaken so badly by the emergence of Nazism and Stalinism that their scepticism finally embraced reason itself, ‘whose standards ideology critique had found already given in bourgeois ideals’. Consequently, Adorno and Horkheimer were forced to call into question their own immanent critique of modernity: ideology critique itself came ‘under suspicion of not producing (any more) truths’. These philosophers supposedly had little choice but to render their now suspect critique ‘independent even in relation to its own foundations’.

scholarly journals Reflections on Teaching Against White Supremacy During a Time of Social Rupture and Transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Wahab ◽  
Erica Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Social Work Students ◽  
State University ◽  
Experimental Teaching ◽  
Portland State University ◽  
Federal Response ◽  
Master's Of Social Work ◽  
Shared Commitment

Social Justice and Social Work is a foundational course required for all social work students in the master’s of social work program at Portland State University. Although the course has long focused on interrupting oppressions including White supremacy, teaching the course during the fall of 2020 required a nimble dance between our familiar modes of teaching and the need for spontaneous adaptation and creativity. The unique landscape for this course included teaching the course remotely (Zoom), inside a university embattled around the arming of its security force (that killed a Black man in 2018), in a city targeted by an armed federal response to the racial uprising led by Black Lives Matter, in a state with a long history of White supremacy and Black exclusion, and under a federal administration explicitly aligned with White supremacy. This paper offers a reflection of our teaching about and against White supremacy during this unique moment in time. We position our writing at the intersections of teaching and activism, of hope and uncertainty. It is from our shared commitment to the abolishment of White supremacy that the following tenets were derived, grounding our experimental teaching in complexity, complicity, and social transformation: (1) remembering for the future, (2) attending to collective grief and rage, (3) bringing the streets (racial uprising) into the classroom, and (4) repurposing the classroom for social transformation.

Plastic Deformation in Microtomed Sections

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Plastic Strain ◽  
Applied Stress ◽  
Elastic Strain ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Geometrical Constraints

The output of the ultramicrotomy process with its high strain levels is dependent upon the input, ie., the nature of the material being machined. Apart from the geometrical constraints offered by the rake and clearance faces of the tool, each material is free to deform in whatever manner necessary to satisfy its material structure and interatomic constraints. Noncrystalline materials appear to survive the process undamaged when observed in the TEM. As has been demonstrated however microtomed plastics do in fact suffer damage to the top and bottom surfaces of the section regardless of the sharpness of the cutting edge or the tool material. The energy required to seperate the section from the block is not easily propogated through the section because the material is amorphous in nature and has no preferred crystalline planes upon which defects can move large distances to relieve the applied stress. Thus, the cutting stresses are supported elastically in the internal or bulk and plastically in the surfaces. The elastic strain can be recovered while the plastic strain is not reversible and will remain in the section after cutting is complete.

The effects of Cyclosporin-A (CYA) on the Ultrastructure of Gingival Mast Cells (GMC) in Behcet's disease (BD)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-359
Author(s):  
Oktay Arda ◽  
Ulkü Noyan ◽  
Selgçk Yilmaz ◽  
Mustafa Taşyürekli ◽  
İsmail Seçkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Cellular Activity ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Immune Disease ◽  
Genital Ulceration ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
The Third

Turkish dermatologist, H. Beheet described the disease as recurrent triad of iritis, oral aphthous lesions and genital ulceration. Auto immune disease is the recent focus on the unknown etiology which is still being discussed. Among the other immunosupressive drugs, CyA included in it's treatment newly. One of the important side effects of this drug is gingival hyperplasia which has a direct relation with the presence of teeth and periodontal tissue. We are interested in the ultrastructure of immunocompetent target cells that were affected by CyA in BD.Three groups arranged in each having 5 patients with BD. Control group was the first and didn’t have CyA treatment. Patients who had CyA, but didn’t show gingival hyperplasia assembled the second group. The ones displaying gingival hyperplasia following CyA therapy formed the third group. GMC of control group and their granules are shown in FIG. 1,2,3. GMC of the second group presented initiation of supplementary cellular activity and possible maturing functional changes with the signs of increased number of mitochondria and accumulation of numerous dense cored granules next to few normal ones, FIG. 4,5,6.

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