In-vivo bactericidal activity of Sch 34343 in Bacteroides fragilis abscesses and in Bacteroides fragilis-Escherichia coli abscesses

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (suppl C) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Wells ◽  
L. A. Arland ◽  
R. L. Simmons ◽  
O. D. Rotstein
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis

Activity of metronidazole on Bacteroides fragilis and/or Escherichia coli in vitro and in vivo

1981 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareta Rylander ◽  
Slig E. Holm ◽  
John-Erik Brorson ◽  
Jan Johnsson ◽  
Ragnar Norrby
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis

scholarly journals Tigecycline DisplaysIn VivoBactericidal Activity against Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae after 72-Hour Exposure Period

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 640-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela R. Tessier ◽  
David P. Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Density Reduction ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Level Of Activity

ABSTRACTProgressively enhanced activity of a humanized tigecycline (TGC) regimen was noted over 3 days against an extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producingEscherichia coliisolate and an ESBL-producingKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolate. Bacterial density reduction approximated 3 log10approaching bactericidal activity at 72 h. This level of activity has not been previously noted for compounds such as tetracyclines, normally considered bacteriostatic antimicrobials. Extended regimen studiesin vivomay aid in better delineation of antimicrobial effects, producing improved correlation with clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals In vivo efficacy of trovafloxacin (CP-99,217), a new quinolone, in experimental intra-abdominal abscesses caused by Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Thadepalli ◽  
U Reddy ◽  
S K Chuah ◽  
F Thadepalli ◽  
C Malilay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Abdominal Abscesses

The efficacy of trovafloxacin in treating Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli infections was investigated and compared to the efficacy of combined clindamycin and gentamicin therapy in an experimental model of intra-abdominal abscesses in rats. Rats were treated with different doses of CP-116,517-27, a parenteral prodrug of trovafloxacin. Response to treatment was evaluated by mortality rate and elimination of infection (cure rate). Mortality in the control group was 85.4%, whereas in rats treated with trovafloxacin, it was close to 0%. The highest cure rate (89.3%) resulted from the administration of 40 mg of CP-116,517-27 per kg of body weight three times a day (TID) for 10 days (equivalent to 18.15 mg of active drug trovafloxacin per rat per day). The therapeutic response with trovafloxacin was comparable to that of a combination therapy of clindamycin (75 mg/kg) plus gentamicin (20 mg/kg) TID (cure rate, 74%; mortality rate, 5%). The measured peak levels of trovafloxacin in serum and abscess pus were 2.6 +/- 0.3 and 5.2 micrograms/ml, respectively. The tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in the untreated animals were high compared to those for rats treated with trovafloxacin or clindamycin plus gentamicin. These results demonstrate that trovafloxacin as a single agent appears to be as successful as clindamycin plus gentamicin in the treatment of experimental intra-abdominal abscesses in rats.

scholarly journals The lysogenization of the non-O157 Escherichia coli strains by stx-converting bacteriophage phi24B is associated with the O antigen loss and reduced fitness

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Golomidova ◽  
A.D. Efimov ◽  
E.E. Kulikov ◽  
A.S. Kuznetsov ◽  
A.V. Letarov
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Horse Serum ◽  
E Coli ◽  
O Antigen ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Lysogenic Conversion ◽  
Antigen Loss ◽  
Toxic Load

The ability of the Shiga-toxigenic E. coli (STEC) to produce the toxin depends on the lysogenic conversion by stx-bacteriophages. The canonical stx-phage phi24B can lysogenize a wide variety of E. coli strains. In vivo the secondary lysogenization of symbiotic E. coli strains by the phages released by infecting STEC populations may contribute to the overall patient toxic load and to lead to the emergence of new pathogenic STEC strains. However, in our experiment all the phi24B lysogens obtained from the environmental E. coli isolates had compromised O-antigen (Oag) biosynthesis. These lysogenic strains gained the sensitivity to the T5-like bacteriophages and featured increased sensitivity to the bactericidal activity of the horse serum. We conclude that in most of E. coli strains the Oag effectively restricts phi24B infection. The lysogenic clones predominantly rise from the Oag deficient mutants and therefore they have reduced fitness compared to the parental strain.

scholarly journals In Vivo Efficacy of Trovafloxacin against Bacteroides fragilis in Mixed Infection with either Escherichia coli or a Vancomycin-Resistant Strain of Enterococcus faecium in an Established-Abscess Murine Model

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1394-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna E. T. Stearne ◽  
Inge C. Gyssens ◽  
Wil H. F. Goessens ◽  
Johan W. Mouton ◽  
Wim J. G. Oyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

ABSTRACT The pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of trovafloxacin were studied in a standardized murine model of established subcutaneous abscesses. Daily dosing regimens of 37.5 to 300 mg/kg every 8 h (q8h) or every 24 h (q24h) were started 3 days after inoculation with mixtures containing either Bacteroides fragilis-Escherichia coli-autoclaved cecal contents (ACC) or B. fragilis–vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium(VREF)–ACC. Treatment was continued for 3 or 5 days. The efficacy of treatment was determined by the decrease in abscess bacterial counts and abscess weights, as well as by the reduction in inflammation (biodistribution of 99mTc-HYNIC immunoglobulin G) compared to saline-treated controls. Trovafloxacin showed a significant dose-response effect on the bacterial counts, weight, and inflammation of B. fragilis-E. coli abscesses after 3 and/or 5 days of treatment. A maximum 3.4 and 3.1 log10 reduction in CFU/abscess in the respective B. fragilis and E. coli bacterial counts was attained after 5 days of treatment with daily doses of 300 mg/kg. The peak serum concentration was more predictive for effect than the area under the concentration-time curve. The C max was the pharmacodynamic index most predictive for success, and the efficacy of the q24h regimens was significantly better than the q8h regimens. The antibiotic was ineffective against the VREF in mixed infection with B. fragilis, while the killing of the anaerobe in the same combination was significantly less than in the E. colicombination (P < 0.05). We conclude that this is a useful model for studying the activity of antimicrobials for the treatment of small (<1-cm), undrainable, mixed-infection abscesses. In addition, we have shown for the first time that a decrease in bacterial numbers also leads to a reduction in both abscess weight and inflammation.

Безопасность соединений из группы терпенов ментанового ряда in vitro и in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Ирина Владимировна Акулина ◽  
Светлана Ивановна Павлова ◽  
Ирина Семеновна Степаненко ◽  
Назира Сунагатовна Карамова ◽  
Александр Владиславович Сергеев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli

Проведено токсикологическое исследование соединений с антибактериальными свойствами из группы терпенов ментанового ряда в условиях in vitro и in vivo: лимонена (B34), его производного (+)-1,2-оксида лимонена (B60) и серосодержащего монотерпенового соединения 2-(1’-гидрокси-4’-изопренил-1’-метилциклогексил-2’-тио)метилэтаноата (B65). В условиях in vitro (культура опухолевых клеток HeLa) изучаемые монотерпены в диапазоне концентраций 2 – 200 мкг/мл обладали цитотоксичностью. Ингибирующая концентрация (ИК50) для B34 составила 231 (167 – 295) мкг/мл, для B60 – 181 (105 – 257) мкг/мл, ИК50 B65 – 229 (150 – 308) мкг/мл. Исследование генотоксичности показало, что B34 и B65 в диапазоне концентраций 50 – 1000 мкг/мл не индуцируют SOS мутагенез в клетках Escherichia coli PQ37, тогда как B60 в концентрациях 500 и 1000 мкг/мл проявляет генотоксичность. In vivo в остром эксперименте на беспородных мышах установлена низкая токсичность B34 и его производных при различных путях введения. Наименьший показатель острой токсичности имеет B65, в связи с чем дополнительно на крысах проведено изучение его хронической токсичности. Ежедневное внутрижелудочное введение B65 в разовых дозах, составляющих 1/10 и 1/20 ЛД50 (1000 мг/кг и 500 мг/кг), в течение 1 мес не вызывало гибели животных, значимых нарушений общего состояния, изменения динамики массы тела, морфопатологических изменений. Внутрижелудочное введение B65 крысам в высокой токсической дозе 2000 мг/кг (1/5 ЛД50) в течение месяца вызывает патоморфологические изменения структуры печени.

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