scholarly journals ESBLs and resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam combinations in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
José-Manuel Ortiz de la Rosa ◽  
Patrice Nordmann ◽  
Laurent Poirel
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
The Other ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Low Activity ◽  
Lactamase Inhibitor

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of the recently launched β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Methods A series of ESBL-encoding genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaVEB, blaPER, blaGES and blaBEL) was cloned and expressed in E. coli or P. aeruginosa recipient strains. Cultures of E. coli TOP10 harbouring recombinant plasmids and therefore producing the different ESBLs tested were grown in order to perform measurements of catalytic activities, using benzylpenicillin, ceftazidime and ceftolozane as substrates. IC50s were additionally determined for clavulanic acid, tazobactam and avibactam. Results We showed here an overall better activity of ceftazidime/avibactam compared with ceftolozane/tazobactam toward ESBL-producing E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Several ESBLs of the GES, PER and BEL types conferred resistance to ceftolozane/tazobactam in E. coli and P. aeruginosa. For GES-6 and PER-1 producers, resistance to ceftolozane/tazobactam could be explained by a high hydrolysis of ceftolozane and a low activity of tazobactam as an inhibitor. On the other hand, PER-producing P. aeruginosa also exhibited resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam. Conclusions Altogether, the results show that the ESBL PER-1, which is widespread worldwide, may be a source of resistance to both ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam. Excellent activity of ceftazidime/avibactam was highlighted for both ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Newer and Conventional Antimicrobial Agents, Including Fosfomycin and Colistin, against Selected Gram-Negative Bacilli in Kuwait

Pathogens ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wadha Alfouzan ◽  
Rita Dhar ◽  
David Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbroth Dilution

Limited data are available on susceptibilities of these organisms to some of the recently made accessible antimicrobial agents. The in vitro activities of newer antibiotics, such as, ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) and ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) along with some “older” antibiotics, for example fosfomycin (FOS) and colistin (CL) were determined against selected strains (resistant to ≥ 3 antimicrobial agents) of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute microbroth dilution. 133 isolates: 46 E. coli, 39 K. pneumoniae, and 48 P. aeruginosa were tested. Results showed that E. coli isolates with MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μ g / mL for CL; 4/32 μ g / mL for FOS; 0.25/32 μ g / mL for C/T; 0.25/8 μ g / mL for CZA, exhibited susceptibility rates of 95.7%, 97.8%, 76.1%, and 89.1%, respectively. On the other hand, K. pneumoniae strains with MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μ g / mL for CL; 256/512 μ g / mL for FOS; 2/128 μ g / mL for C/T; 0.5/128 μ g / mL for CZA showed susceptibility rates of 92.3%, 7.7%, 51.3%, and 64.1%, respectively. P. aeruginosa isolates with MIC50/90, 1/1 μ g / mL for CL; 128/128 μ g / mL for C/T; 32/64 μ g / mL for CZA presented susceptibility rates of 97.9%, 33.3%, and 39.6%, respectively. Higher MICs were demonstrated against most of the antibiotics. However, CL retained efficacy at low MICs against most of the isolates tested.

scholarly journals Ceftazidime-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli Isolates Producing TEM-10 and TEM-43 β-Lactamases from St. Louis, Missouri

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1671-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjun Yang ◽  
Niraja Bhachech ◽  
Patricia A. Bradford ◽  
Bradley D. Jett ◽  
Daniel F. Sahm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydrolysis Rate ◽  
Cloning And Sequencing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Jewish Hospital ◽  
Encoding Genes

ABSTRACT Ceftazidime-resistant Escherichia coli andKlebsiella pneumoniae (49 and 102 isolates, respectively) were collected from Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Mo., from 1992 to 1996. They were uniformly resistant to ceftazidime, generally resistant to aztreonam, and variably susceptible to cefotaxime. Four representative E. coli strains and 15Klebsiella strains were examined. From one to four β-lactamases were produced per strain, with three possible enzymes related to ceftazidime resistance: enzymes with pI values of 5.6, 6.1, or 7.6. By pulsed-field gel electrophoresis there were at least 13 different Klebsiella strain types and 3 different E. coli strain types, indicating that the outbreak was not clonal. After cloning and sequencing of the β-lactamase-encoding genes, the enzyme with a pI of 5.6 was identified as TEM-10. The enzyme with a pI of 6.1 was a novel TEM variant (TEM-43) with Lys at 104, His at 164, and Thr at 182. TEM-43 showed broad-spectrum hydrolytic activity against all penicillins, with the highest hydrolysis rate for ceftazidime compared to those for the other expanded-spectrum cephalosporins. Aztreonam was also a good substrate for TEM-43, with hydrolytic activity similar to that of ceftazidime and affinity higher than that of ceftazidime. The TEM-43 β-lactamase was well inhibited by clavulanic acid and tazobactam at concentrations of <10 nM. Sulbactam was less effective than the other inhibitors. The Thr182 mutation previously reported in an inhibitor-resistant β-lactamase did not cause the TEM-43 enzyme to become resistant to any of the inhibitors.

scholarly journals The O-Antigen Gene Cluster of Escherichia coli O55:H7 and Identification of a New UDP-GlcNAc C4 Epimerase Gene

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (10) ◽  
pp. 2620-2625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Sandy Huskic ◽  
Adam Cisterne ◽  
Deborah Rothemund ◽  
Peter R. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recombination Site ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antigen Gene ◽  
O Antigen ◽  
Usual Location

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli O55 is an important antigen which is often associated with enteropathogenic E. coli clones. We sequenced the genes responsible for its synthesis and identified genes for O-antigen polymerase, O-antigen flippase, four enzymes involved in GDP-colitose synthesis, and three glycosyltransferases, all by comparison with known genes. Upstream of the normal O-antigen region there is a gne gene, which encodes a UDP-GlcNAc epimerase for converting UDP-GlcNAc to UDP-GalNAc and is essential for O55 antigen synthesis. The O55 gne product has only 20 and 26% identity to the gne genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli O113, respectively. We also found evidence for the O55 gene cluster's having evolved from another gene cluster by gain and loss of genes. Only three of the GDP-colitose pathway genes are in the usual location, the other two being separated, although nearby. It is thought that the E. coli O157:H7 clone evolved from the O55:H7 clone in part by transfer of the O157 gene cluster into an O55 lineage. Comparison of genes flanking the O-antigen gene clusters of the O55:H7 and O157:H7 clones revealed one recombination site within the galF gene and located the other between the hisG and amn genes. Genes outside the recombination sites are 99.6 to 100% identical in the two clones, while most genes thought to have transferred with the O157 gene cluster are 95 to 98% identical.

scholarly journals Postantibiotic Effect of Trovafloxacin against Gram-Positive and -Negative Organisms

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1503-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Pankuch ◽  
M. R. Jacobs ◽  
P. C. Appelbaum
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Postantibiotic Effect ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
E Coli

ABSTRACT Trovafloxacin pneumococcal and staphylococcal postantibiotic effects (PAEs) were 0.7 to 1.8 and 0.7 to 2.4 h, respectively. ForEscherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PAEs were 2.4 to 4.4 h. Pneumococcal and staphylococcal postantibiotic sub-MIC effects (PA-SMEs) (0.4 times the MIC) were 2.3 to 3.7 and 2.4 to >9.2 h, respectively, and E. coliPA-SMEs (0.3 times the MIC) were 6.8 to >12.0 h. For one P. aeruginosa strain, the PA-SME (0.4 times the MIC) was >10 h; in the other, rapid bactericidal activity precluded measurement.

scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL SCREENING OF OTORRHOEA FROM PEOPLE COMING TO HOSPITAL IN MAHAJANGA

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Rivo RAKOTOMALALA ◽  
Patrick RANDRIANANDRAINA ◽  
Tsiriniaina RAMAVOSON ◽  
Fiacre RAMISARIMANANA ◽  
Ainamalala Catherine RAZAFINDRAKOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ear Infections ◽  
Corynebacterium Sp ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

In whole, 56 patients were included. Amidst identified microorganisms were fungus (4,7%) and bacteria (95,3%) to which Gram negative bacilli represented 72,1% (n=44), Gram positive cocci 6,4% (n=10), Gram positive bacilli 8,2% (n=5) and Gram negative cocci 3,3% (n=2). Among these bacterias, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus sp were predominant, with respectively 41% (n=25), 23% (n=14). However, three cases of S. aureus reported, six with negative coagulase Staphylococcus, one with Escherichia coli, one with Klebsiella sp, one with Haemophilus sp, two cases with Neisseria sp and four cases with Corynebacterium sp. Two types of cultures were noticed, one of them monomorphic (91,1%, n=51) and the other polymorphic (8,9%, n=5) to which 3 associations of P. aeruginosa-Proteus sp, 1 association of P. aeruginosa- coagulase negative Staphylococcus and 1 association of P. aeruginosa- E. coli. No resistance to ciprofloxacin was observed with Pseudomonas, Neisseria sp, Haemophilus, and enterobacteria except for E. coli. No resistance to rifampicin was observed with S. aureus. However, the sensitivity of S. aureus to ciprofloxacin decreased (one bacterium out of three). The use of rifampicin or fluoroquinolones should be based on the type of ear infections,

scholarly journals RESISTANCE OF THE MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM SURGICAL HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT TO DISINFECTANTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Анганова ◽  
Elena Anganova ◽  
Крюкова ◽  
Natalya Kryukova
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Surgical Ward ◽  
Central District

The article presents the results of the study of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus fungi to disinfectants. The microorganisms were isolated from the surgical ward environment of Central District Hospital of Neryungri. All strains were sensitive to Lysoformin 3000. Most of the microorganisms were sensitive to Ecocide and Septodor (85,7 % and 71,4 % respectively). Only E. coli was resistant to these disinfectants. The microorganisms showed the highest resistance to Javelion. S. aureus and E. coli were resistant to Javelion. The most effective disinfectants against Aspergillus were 1% solution of Septabic, 0,2% solution of Vegasept, 0,4% solution of Septodor, 0,5% solution of Lysoformin 3000. The other disinfectants (Chlor-sept, Hypocloride and Alfadez forte) had lower fungicidal activity against Aspergillus.

scholarly journals The Esterase PfeE, the Achilles’ Heel in the Battle for Iron between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 2814
Author(s):  
Véronique Gasser ◽  
Laurianne Kuhn ◽  
Thibaut Hubert ◽  
Laurent Aussel ◽  
Philippe Hammann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Membrane Transporters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fe Complexes ◽  
Outer Membrane Transporters ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Bacteria access iron, a key nutrient, by producing siderophores or using siderophores produced by other microorganisms. The pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces two siderophores but is also able to pirate enterobactin (ENT), the siderophore produced by Escherichia coli. ENT-Fe complexes are imported across the outer membrane of P. aeruginosa by the two outer membrane transporters PfeA and PirA. Iron is released from ENT in the P. aeruginosa periplasm by hydrolysis of ENT by the esterase PfeE. We show here that pfeE gene deletion renders P. aeruginosa unable to grow in the presence of ENT because it is unable to access iron via this siderophore. Two-species co-cultures under iron-restricted conditions show that P. aeruginosa strongly represses the growth of E. coli as long it is able to produce its own siderophores. Both strains are present in similar proportions in the culture as long as the siderophore-deficient P. aeruginosa strain is able to use ENT produced by E. coli to access iron. If pfeE is deleted, E. coli has the upper hand in the culture and P. aeruginosa growth is repressed. Overall, these data show that PfeE is the Achilles’ heel of P. aeruginosa in communities with bacteria producing ENT.

scholarly journals Biochemical Characterization of the Naturally Occurring Oxacillinase OXA-50 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 2043-2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Girlich ◽  
Thierry Naas ◽  
Patrice Nordmann
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multicopy Plasmid ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Lactamase Gene

ABSTRACT The bla OXA-50 gene (formerly known as the PA5514 gene) is an oxacillinase gene identified in silico in the genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. By using a mutant strain of P. aeruginosa PAO1 that had an inactivated bla AmpC cephalosporinase gene, the bla OXA-50 gene was shown to be expressed constitutively in P. aeruginosa. This β-lactamase gene was cloned onto a multicopy plasmid and expressed in P. aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. It conferred decreased susceptibility to ampicillin and ticarcillin and, interestingly, to moxalactam and meropenem in P. aeruginosa but not in E. coli. Overexpression and purification enabled us to determine the molecular mass (25 kDa), the pI value (8.6), and the hydrolysis spectrum of the OXA-50 β-lactamase. It is a narrow-spectrum oxacillinase that uncommonly hydrolyzes imipenem, although at a low level. Very similar oxacillinase genes were identified in all P. aeruginosa isolates from various geographical origins tested. The weak variability of the nucleotide sequence of this gene (0 to 2%) corresponded to that found for the naturally occurring bla AmpC cephalosporinase gene of P. aeruginosa. The study indicated that P. aeruginosa harbors two naturally encoded β-lactamase genes, one of which encodes an inducible cephalosporinase and the other of which encodes a constitutively expressed oxacillinase.

scholarly journals Occurrence of shigatoxinogenic Escherichia coli O157 in Norwegian cattle herds

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. VOLD ◽  
B. KLUNGSETH JOHANSEN ◽  
H. KRUSE ◽  
E. SKJERVE ◽  
Y. WASTESON
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Vero Cell ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Encoding Genes

To investigate if there is a reservoir of Escherichia coli O157 in Norwegian cattle, faecal samples from 197 cattle herds were screened for E. coli O157 by the use of immunomagnetic separation (IMS) and PCR during the 1995 grazing season. Six E. coli O157[ratio ]H-isolates were detected in two herds, one isolate in one and five in the other. The isolates carried the stx1, stx2, and eae genes, and a 90 MDa virulence plasmid. They were toxinogenic in a Vero cell assay. From 57 other herds, 137 faecal samples were positive for stx1 and/or stx2 genes detected by PCR run directly on IMS-isolated material. Among these samples, stx2 were the most widely distributed toxin encoding genes. No difference was found among milking cows and heifers in the rate of stx1 and/or stx2 in positive samples.

Incidence of Potential Pathogens on Raw Pork, Beef and Chicken in Sweden, with Special Reference to Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDERS TERNSTRÖM ◽  
GÖRAN MOLIN
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
The Other ◽  
Erysipelothrix Rhusiopathiae ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Magnesium Oxalate

In total, 135 samples divided between pork, beef and chicken were examined for the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium perfringens, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp., and Yersinia enterocolitica. No Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes or Pseudomonas aeruginosa could be detected. The following bacteria were found at various incidences from all types of meat; A. hydrophila (24–33% of the samples were positive); E. coli (62–100%); S. aureus (13–73%; only two isolates produced enterotoxin); hemolytic streptococci (7–29%; Lancefield groups C, D and G); and Y. enterocolitica (2–24%; none of the isolates was considered as virulent when tested by the magnesium oxalate inhibition test). B. cereus and C. perfringens were found only on beef and pork (7 and 11%; and 2 and 22%, respectively); and C. jejuni only on chicken. E. rhusiopathiae was found on pork (36%) and chicken (13%). In a subsequent study, 196 pork loins and 73 samples of sausage obtained from two different slaughter houses were analyzed for E. rhusiopathiae. In one plant, 54% of the loins harbored the bacterium while only 4% of the samples were positive from the other plant. None of the sausage samples contained E. rhusiopathiae. Thirty-seven isolates were tested on mice; all died within 48 h.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document