scholarly journals Raising awareness of antimicrobial resistance among the general public in the UK: the role of public engagement activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Redfern ◽  
Laura Bowater ◽  
Lisa Coulthwaite ◽  
Joanna Verran
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
General Public ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Search Tool ◽  
Public Audience ◽  
The Uk

Abstract In response to the accepted risk of emerging antimicrobial resistance, many organizations and institutions have developed and delivered events and activities designed to raise awareness of the issue and to change the behaviour of the intended audience. However, few of these events for a general public audience are documented or able to be sourced by those who might wish to repeat, adapt or modify, particularly those events that are successful. ‘Insider knowledge’ appears to be the best search tool. Moreover, evaluation of the success or impact of the event is rarely published. It would be useful if there were a ‘hub’ where descriptions of such activities could be deposited, enabling the building of a significant resource with real academic value.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Antibiotic Therapy Among Nursing Home Residents: Perspectives of Caregivers and Residents in a Mixed Exploratory Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Ahouah ◽  
Corinne Lartigue ◽  
Monique Rothan-Tondeur
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
End Users ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Source Of Information

Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health threat worldwide. Some authors have suggested that end-users of nursing homes have an influence on antibiotic prescribing. The objective of this study is to describe the views of end-users and professionals on residents’ behavior towards antibiotic therapy in terms of knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes towards this drug class and its prescribing process. This is a concurrent mixed methodology study using questionnaires and semi-directive individual interviews with nursing homes residents, nurses, and doctors practicing in these facilities. The questionnaires analyzed were collected from 35 residents (24.3%) and 109 nurses (75.7%). The qualitative interview involved 26 of total participants that agreed to be interviewed. We noticed misconceptions being held by the residents regarding the antibiotic resistance phenomenon. Additionally, nurses were not considered as a source of information about antibiotics. Nurses and residents had conflicting opinions about residents requesting antibiotics, and the findings depict a stereotypical view of the nurse profession as a reflection of a cognitive representation. The authors conclude that, despite many campaigns, further efforts are needed to tackle antimicrobial resistance. Initiatives could include raising awareness about antimicrobial resistance, clarifying the role of nurses, and communicating well with residents about their needs in nursing homes.

Regulating genome editing technologies: a comparison of expert recommendations in the U.K. and in the U.S.A.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-705
Author(s):  
Sofia Iacomussi
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
General Public ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Scientific Experts ◽  
Bioethical Debate ◽  
Expert Recommendations

The present paper aims to inform the bioethical debate on the regulation of human genome editing technologies with a specific focus on the role of scientific experts and their interactions with the general public in the formulation of policy. It reviews and compares two of the major contributions to this debate in the U.K. and in the U.S.A., comparing expert approaches towards regulation on genome editing technologies. The results of this analysis offer important lessons that should be appreciated in building an international regulatory framework. On the basis of these results, I conclude that the experts should embrace a socially responsible approach and encourage active public engagement.

scholarly journals The Power of Place

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-53
Author(s):  
Catharina Landstrom ◽  
Stewart Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Engagement With Science ◽  
Lay Members ◽  
Local Engagement ◽  
The Uk

Investigating the role of geographical location in public engagement with science we examine the West Cumbria Managing Radioactive Waste Safely (MRWS) Partnership’s undertaking of one of the most extensive local public engagements with environmental risk science in the UK. The case study highlights the transformative impacts of this three-year long local engagement on both science and the public. Differently from other invited public engagements, organised as experiments controlled by scientists in spaces set aside from the everyday, the Partnership’s lay members led a process unfolding in the place that was potentially at risk. The Partnership had the authority to demand that scientists addressed issues of local interest. We frame the analysis with the notions ‘re-situating technoscience' and ‘re-assembling the public' to illuminate how scientific knowledge claims were modified and a new local public emerged, at the intersection of public engagement with science and public participation in environmental risk governance.

scholarly journals Outcomes and Future Prospect of Japan’s National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (2016–2020)

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1293
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Gu ◽  
Yumiko Fujitomo ◽  
Norio Ohmagari
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
General Public ◽  
Future Prospect ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
National Action Plan ◽  
Current Action ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Awareness Raising ◽  
Made In

The threat from antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to grow. Japan’s National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance, which was formulated in 2016 and targets six areas, has already had a major impact on the countermeasures implemented against AMR. Particular advances have been made in AMR-related surveillance, and we now know the situation regarding antimicrobial use and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the country. Educational and awareness-raising activities for medical professionals and the general public have been actively implemented and seem to have contributed to a gradual move toward an appropriate use of antimicrobials. However, there is still insufficient understanding of the issue among the general public. Determining how to use surveillance results and implementing further awareness-raising activities are crucial to address this. Tasks for the future include both raising awareness and the promotion of AMR research and development and international cooperation. The government’s next Action Plan, which will detail future countermeasures against AMR based on the outcomes of and tasks identified in the current Action Plan, has been delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and is urgently awaited.

scholarly journals From environment to clinic: the role of pesticides in antimicrobial resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Jeadran N Malagón-Rojas ◽  
Eliana L Parra Barrera ◽  
Luisa Lagos
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Clinical Environments

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogens has been associated mainly with excessive use of antibiotics. Most studies of resistance have focused on clinical pathogens; however, microorganisms are exposed to numerous anthropogenic substances. Few studies have sought to determine the effects of chemical substances on microorganisms. Exposure to these substances may contribute to increased rates of AMR. Understanding microorganism communities in natural environments and AMR mechanisms under the effects of anthropogenic substances, such as pesticides, is important to addressing the current crisis of antimicrobial resistance. This report draws attention to molecules, rather than antibiotics, that are commonly used in agrochemicals and may be involved in developing AMR in non-clinical environments, such as soil. This report examines pesticides as mediators for the appearance of AMR, and as a route for antibiotic resistance genes and antimicrobial resistant bacteria to the anthropic environment. Available evidence suggests that the natural environment may be a key dissemination route for antibiotic-resistant genes. Understanding the interrelationship of soil, water, and pesticides is fundamental to raising awareness of the need for environmental monitoring programs and overcoming the current crisis of AMR.

scholarly journals Should age matter in COVID-19 triage? A deliberative study

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2020-107071
Author(s):  
Margot N I Kuylen ◽  
Scott Y Kim ◽  
Alexander Ruck Keene ◽  
Gareth S Owen
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Deliberative Process ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Public Views

The COVID-19 pandemic put a large burden on many healthcare systems, causing fears about resource scarcity and triage. Several COVID-19 guidelines included age as an explicit factor and practices of both triage and ‘anticipatory triage’ likely limited access to hospital care for elderly patients, especially those in care homes. To ensure the legitimacy of triage guidelines, which affect the public, it is important to engage the public’s moral intuitions. Our study aimed to explore general public views in the UK on the role of age, and related factors like frailty and quality of life, in triage during the COVID-19 pandemic. We held online deliberative workshops with members of the general public (n=22). Participants were guided through a deliberative process to maximise eliciting informed and considered preferences. Participants generally accepted the need for triage but strongly rejected ‘fair innings’ and ‘life projects’ principles as justifications for age-based allocation. They were also wary of the ‘maximise life-years’ principle, preferring to maximise the number of lives rather than life years saved. Although they did not arrive at a unified recommendation of one principle, a concern for three core principles and values eventually emerged: equality, efficiency and vulnerability. While these remain difficult to fully respect at once, they captured a considered, multifaceted consensus: utilitarian considerations of efficiency should be tempered with a concern for equality and vulnerability. This ‘triad’ of ethical principles may be a useful structure to guide ethical deliberation as societies negotiate the conflicting ethical demands of triage.

Social Media and Higher Education

2015 ◽  
pp. 167-186
Author(s):  
Ivan K. Cohen ◽  
Julie Salaber
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Marketing Tool ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Uk

The constant rise in tuition fees has created increasing pressure for British universities to augment the range of marketing tools used to attract students in competition with both domestic and overseas institutions. This chapter investigates the role of social media as a communication and marketing tool for Higher Education Institutions in the UK. Social media is a powerful tool for both direct and indirect marketing, and is highly relevant for universities targeting youngsters who belong to the so-called Generation Y. After presenting the background for social media marketing and higher education, we investigate whether the use of social media as a marketing tool has been effective in raising awareness of British universities. To do so, we collect data on the use of social media by HEIs (in the UK and in the USA for comparison), as well as data on students' response to these new marketing strategies. Unlike many other organisations, it seems that social media play a positive role in promoting British Universities, although the evidence suggests that they still tend to use social media too much like more traditional forms of marketing and PR.

scholarly journals How can we know what the public think about administrative data research

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Porteous
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Data ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Data Breaches ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Public Views ◽  
News Headlines ◽  
Key Questions

BackgroundThere has, in recent years been much discussion in administrative data research about communicating with the public about the research undertaken, listening to the public and trying to understand public views and questioning whether the public have trust in the work undertaken using publicly collected administrative data. ObjectivesTo explore the role of public engagement in dialogue with attendees to try and address whether we are missing the point and value of public engagement. The views of publics are not homogenous, static and also respond to news headlines and data breaches and we can never know the views of 65 million people across the UK, so why do we worry so much about the views of the public and how can we ever know what publics think? FindingsSummarising work undertaken in examining public attitudes and reflections on five years of working in public engagement in administrative data research will explore key questions with the audience including. Is there value in considering the views of the public, and if so what is the value? How is the public constituted in its relationships with academia and do the public play a key position in the role of universities within our society?

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