Automated Analytical System for Phenols Incorporated into Screening Method Suitable for Determination of 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid and/or 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Herbicide Residues in Water
Abstract 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetie acid (2,4-D) are extracted from water with methylene chloride and are degraded when heated in the presence of pyridine hydrochloride to their corresponding phenols which are determined automatically with a modified distillation-colorimetric analyzer system. The method has been evaluated primarily with surface water samples collected from areas of known MCPA applications. The lower limit of detection of MCPA is about 50 µg/L water. Response for 2,4-D is almost identical to that for MCPA at equal concentrations. Comparative responses to other potential responding phenoxy acid herbicides have not been determined. MCPA results from this method for several water samples compared favorably with results from a gas chromatographic method. The scntiautontated colorimetric method can be applied to water samples of unknown history as a screening method in which case a significant, positive recorder response, suitably corrected for free phenol response as suggested herein, indicates probability of presence of one or more of the responding herbicides. The sample would then need to be examined by other, more definitive means.