scholarly journals PSVI-11 Non-GMO beet pulp and canola meal corn-soybean meal diet has comparable effects as that of GMO corn-soybean meal diet on the performance of sows and piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Woo Jung Seok ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Sumya Kibria ◽  
Yanjiao Li ◽  
In Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Beet Pulp

Abstract Consumers are concerned about the safety of livestock feed stuff with the increasing use of genetically modified organisms (GMO).The objective of the present experiment was to compare the effect of non-GMO sugar-beet pulp (SBP) and canola meal (CM) in the diet with GMO corn-soybean meal basal diets on reproduction performance in gestation-lactation sows and the performance of their litters. A total of 16 lactating sows (Landrace × Yorkshire, Parity = 2.4), were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 treatments with 8 sows per treatment starting from the last 4 weeks of gestation to 21 day of lactation. Treatments consisted of GMO diet (CON) and non-GMO diet (NO). Sows were individually fed gestation and lactation diets that were formulated to meet or exceed NRC (2012) recommendations for all nutrients. The amount of feed consumed during the lactation periods was recorded and used to calculate the average daily feed intake (ADFI). Number of piglets born and piglets weaned were also recorded to calculate the survival rate. Individual piglet body weight (BW) and litter weights were assessed on days 0, and 26 to calculate average daily gain (ADG). All data were subjected to the GLM procedures of SAS in a randomized complete block design. The variability in the data was expressed as standard error of means (SEM). A probability level of P< 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. In the current study, NO treatment diets showed comparable effects on the BW, ADFI, backfat thickness, body condition score, and estrus interval of sows as that of basal diet. In addition, there was also no significant difference in growth performance of piglets fed NO treatment diets compared with CON diet (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the results of the current study indicated the utilization of non-GMO beet pulp, and canola meals do not have any adverse effect on the performance of sows and their litters.

scholarly journals 170 Energy values and digestibility of amino acids in dried yeast and soybean meal fed to pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 61-61
Author(s):  
Chan Sol Park ◽  
Ayodeji S Aderibigbe ◽  
Gary Hayen ◽  
Olayiwola Adeola
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Blocking Factors

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in dried yeast (DY) and soybean meal (SBM) fed to pigs. In Exp. 1, 30 barrows with an initial body weight (BW) of 20.7 ± 1.01 were assigned to 5 diets in a randomized complete block design with period and BW as blocking factors. A basal diet was prepared to contain corn, canola meal, and soybean oil as energy-contributing ingredients. Four additional diets were prepared by adding 5 or 10 g/kg DY or SBM at the expense of energy-contributing ingredients in the basal diet to estimate the DE and ME in test ingredients by regression analysis. On a dry matter basis, estimated DE and ME in DY were 4,022 and 3,352 kcal/kg, respectively, and those in SBM were 3,876 and 3,601kcal/kg, respectively. There was no difference in estimated DE or ME between DY and SBM. In Exp. 2, 21 barrows (initial BW = 20.0 ± 1.31 kg) surgically fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum were assigned to 3 diets in a randomized complete block design with BW as a blocking factor. Two diets were prepared to contain DY or SBM as the sole source of nitrogen, and a nitrogen-free diet was prepared to determine the basal ileal endogenous losses of AA. The SID of AA, except for Gly and Pro, in SBM were greater (P < 0.05) than in DY. The SID of indispensable AA in DY ranged from 64.7% for Thr to 86.1% for Arg, whereas those in SBM ranged from 84.8% for Thr to 92.3% for Arg. In conclusion, energy values in DY was comparable with SBM, but the SID of most AA in DY were less than in SBM.

scholarly journals Supplementation of lamb ewes with different protein sources in deferred marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandu) pasture

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1901-1910
Author(s):  
A.L.C. Gurgel ◽  
G.S. Difante ◽  
J.V. Emerenciano Neto ◽  
M.G. Costa ◽  
J.L.S. Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Structural Variables ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Babassu Cake

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different protein sources on the performance of lamb ewes and their offspring supplemented in deferred pasture. The treatments were the different protein sources: soybean meal, cotton cake, babassu cake and coconut cake. The ewes were weighed and evaluated for their body condition score during the gestation, parturition and weaning phases. The lambs were weighed at birth and at weaning. The structural variables and chemical composition of the pasture were evaluated during the usage period. Grass height and forage mass were higher when the ewes were in the gestation and weaning stages. The leaf mass was not altered during the pasture usage with a mean value of 566.1kg ha-1 DM. The highest levels of crude protein in the leaf blade were observed during the parturition and weaning phases. The body weight of the ewes did not differ between the sources with averages 45.0, 39.9 and 36.6kg for the gestation, parturition and weaning phases, respectively. Weights at birth and at weaning had an effect from protein sources, with the highest values observed in the lambs of ewes who received soybean meal and babassu cake supplementation. The lambs of ewes supplemented with soybean had higher average daily gain and total gain. Babassu, coconut and cotton cakes can replace soybean meal in supplementation of ewes in deferred pasture.

scholarly journals Effect of level of concentrate feeding on the performance of Bunaji bulls grazing natural range

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-198
Author(s):  
C. B. I. Alawa ◽  
O. S. Lamidi ◽  
O. O. Oni ◽  
A. M. Adamu
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Four Levels

Twenty Bunaji bulls averaging 178.5kg live weight were blocked by weight and randomly allotted to four treatments (5 bulls per treatment) to determine the level of concentrate feeding on the performance of bulls grazing natural range and the practicability of fattening on range. The treatments consisted of four levels of concentrate feeding, ie 0,2,3 and 4 kg/head day. The concentrate was compounded as 60% maize offal and 40% cotton seed cake with a crude protein level of 17.6%. The trial lasted 105 days. Criteria investigated were live weight gain and body condition score of the animals, dry matter yield and nitrogen content of the forage from range grazed by the animals. Bulls receiving 4 kg/head/day (treatinent 4) had the highest average daily gain (0.70kg/head/day). This was different (P<0.05) from treatments 1(0.36kg/head/day) and 2 (0.46kg/head day) but similar to treatment 310.50kg/head/day). Though there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in body condition score (BCS) between the treatments, bulls not given concentrate feeding (O level) had the least BCS. There was no marked difference between DM yield of the forage grazed during the sampling period. However, there was a decline in DM yield in the later part of the trial. It is concluded from this study that bulls can be flattened on range with minimuni supplementation. It is therefore recommended that bulls being fattened on range be given a minimum of 2kg/head day of concentrate supplementation 

Effects of Feeding Graded Levels of Black Spruce Needles and Branches on Beef Cow Performance and Health During Mid to Late Gestation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Lafreniere ◽  
Robert Berthiaume ◽  
Leo Giesen ◽  
Cheryl Campbell ◽  
Dale Gardner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Cow Performance

Pregnant beef cows (56; 727 ± 102 kg BW) in second trimester were used to examine black spruce (BSP) needles and branches for replacing alfalfa silage in wintering cow diets. Five dietary treatments assessed BSP inclusion rates (0, 15, 22.5, 30, 37.5% in the diet) for 92 days up until 2 weeks before start of calving using a randomized complete block design (10-12 cows/treatment). There were linear decreases (P < 0.001) in total weight gain, average daily gain (ADG) and dry matter intakes (DMI) as amounts of dietary BSP increased. Low DMI feeding BSP may be attributed to palatability issues and lower rates of digestion. Changes in body condition score (BCS) increased(P < 0.003) as dietary BSP increased. These effects are supported by corresponding linear decreases (P < 0.001) for changes in rump fat cover and increases (P < 0.001) in serum non-esterified fatty acids as dietary BSP increased. Post-feeding of test diets, there were no dietary treatment differences (P > 0.42) for calf birth and weaning weights and cow pregnancy and culling rates. Based on this study, incorporation of BSP into gestating cow diets cannot be recommended.

scholarly journals 182 Influence of β-mannanase in the lactation diet on sow and litter performance and subsequent wean-to-service interval

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
Emily K Bruder ◽  
Sara K Linneen ◽  
Gene G Gourley ◽  
Robert L Payne
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Feed Control ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract β-mannans (β-galactomannans) are anti-nutritive fibers found in common feed ingredients, such as soybean meal and other vegetable proteins. If not controlled, these β-mannans cause unnecessary gut inflammation which diverts nutrients from production to maintenance. Hemicell® HT has been shown to breakdown β-mannans allowing energy and nutrients to be available for growth and performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of β-mannanase (Hemicell® HT 1.5X) on sow and litter performance in a commercial farm. A total of 261 sows averaging 268 kg (± 91 kg) and 3.5 (± 2.3) average parity were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 lactation diets. Dietary treatments included: 1. Corn/soybean meal feed (control) and 2. Control + Hemicell® HT 1.5X (0.25 kg/ton inclusion). Treatments were initiated on d of farrowing and terminated at weaning. All data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using Proc MIXED in SAS 9.4 (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). Sow and litter served as the experimental unit, farrowing room as block, and lactation length as a covariate when significant (P ˂ 0.05). Results indicated no significant (P > 0.20) differences in sow BW or body condition score (BCS) prefarrowing, postfarrowing, or at weaning. Sows consuming Hemicell® HT 1.5 had significantly (1.43 vs. 1.55; P = 0.03) greater backfat thickness (BF) at weaning and tended (P = 0.10) to lose less weight (-18 vs. -15 kg) than those fed Control. Feed intake, BCS and BF change, and subsequent wean-to-service interval were similar (P > 0.41) for sows on both treatments. Litter ADG and wean weight were not different (P > 0.18). The results indicate that Hemicell® HT 1.5 improved body reserves at weaning when consumed through the lactation period, suggesting increased energy availability during this period, which could have positive implications on overall lifetime reproductive performance.

scholarly journals 144 Monensin effects on beef calves receiving limited creep-feeding supplementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 39-39
Author(s):  
Rhaiza Alves de Oliveira ◽  
João Vendramini ◽  
Philipe Moriel ◽  
John Arthington ◽  
Miguel Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Creep Feeding ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Limited Creep

Abstract Monensin is a feed additive used to increase performance of beef cattle; however, the effects on cattle grazing warm-season perennial forages with limited levels of concentrate are inconsistent. The objective of this study was to test the effects of monensin on performance of beef calves receiving limited creep-feeding supplementation. The experiment was conducted in Ona, FL, from April to August (112 d) 2018. The creep-feeding supplementation level was 400 g of soybean meal/d. Calves were supplemented 3 days per week, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, thus the daily supplementation level was multiplied by 7 d and divided by 3 feeding days. Treatments were monensin (20 g/kg of the expected DMI) or control (no monensin), distributed in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Twenty four cow-calf pairs (415±29 and 162±35 kg, respectively) were randomly distributed in eight limpograss (Hemarthria altissima) pastures (experimental units; 1.0 ha/pasture; 3 cow-calf pairs/pasture). Pastures were grazed with a continuous and fixed stocking rate. There was no difference in herbage mass (mean = 2,250 kg/ha, P =0.52, SE = 120) and herbage allowance (HA, mean = 1.2 kg DM/kg LW, P = 0.52, SE = 0.04) between treatments. In addition, there was no effect of monensin on calf average daily gain (mean = 0.77 kg/d, P = 0.27, SE = 0.04), cow body condition score (BCS, mean = 5.1, P = 0.15, SE = 0.15), and calf coccidia infestation (mean = 0.18 log egg count, P = 0.98, SE = 0.08). Calves receiving monensin consumed a lesser (P < 0.01) proportion of the supplement than control in the first 13 h after supplementation (76 vs. 95%). Monensin was not effective to increase performance of beef calves receiving limited creep-feeding supplementation.

scholarly journals PSX-40 Effects of nutritional plane before breeding on performance of hair sheep

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 450-450
Author(s):  
Raquel Lourencon ◽  
Lionel Dawson ◽  
Ryszard Puchala ◽  
Luana P Ribeiro ◽  
Terry A Gipson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Estrus Synchronization ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Embryo Mortality ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract The objective of the study was to determine effects of the nutritional plane before breeding on performance of different hair sheep breeds. Twenty-five Dorper, 27 Katahdin, and 32 St. Croix ewes with initial BW of 65.6, 65.7, and 54.3 kg (SEM=1.95) and body condition score (BCS; 1–5) of 3.35, 3.29, and 3.09, respectively, consumed wheat straw ad libitum for 11 wk before breeding. Ewes of each breed were divided into four groups, with two groups per nutritional plane (NP). Ewes on a low NP (Low-NP) were supplemented with 0.16% BW (DM) of soybean meal (SBM) and ewes on the high NP (High-NP) received 0.8% BW (DM basis) of 0.25% soybean meal and 0.75% ground corn. Ewes were divided into two groups for estrus synchronization. Four rams of each breed were used, two for the first 17 d of breeding and the other two from d 17 to 34. Conception and embryo mortality were determined by ultrasound imaging at 25 and approximately 40 d post-breeding. Average daily gain and BCS change were similar among breeds, but both were greater for High-NP vs. Low-NP (ADG: 57 vs. -4 g, SEM=8.1; BCS change: 0.22 vs. -0.02, SEM=0.041). Wheat straw DMI was greater (P = 0.01) for Low-NP than for High-NP (2.02 and 1.58% BW, respectively; SEM=0.042) and for St. Croix than for Dorper and Katahdin (P = 0.04; 1.96, 1.68, and 1.74% BW, respectively, SEM=0.060). There were no differences in the number of services or conception (P &gt; 0.05), and no embryo mortality was noted. In conclusion, NP did not influence reproductive performance assessed early after breeding despite differences in ADG and BCS change. This may be due to moderate initial BCS and increased straw intake by Low-NP ewes.

PSVI-14 Blend of Additives in Nursery Pig Diets as an Antibiotics Substitute Increases the Growth Performance and Intestinal Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 201-201
Author(s):  
Sudario Roberto Silva Junior ◽  
Rhuan F Chaves ◽  
Maíra Resende ◽  
Ygor Henrique De Paula ◽  
Kenio De Gouvêa Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence

Abstract Antibiotics growth promoting (AGP) in animal feed has been restricted. With this, several additives have been tested in order to replace AGP and ensure intestinal health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a blend of additives on growth performance, diarrhea incidence and cecal content microbiota of nursery pigs. A total of 576 weaned pigs (6.21 ± 1.16 kg) were assigned into 4 treatments (12 replicates) in randomized block design: basal diet without additives (NC); basal diet with 120 ppm of halquinol (PC); NC + 0,05% blend of lactic acid (3,5%), benzoic acid (2,5%), flavonoids (3,5%) (B5); NC+ 0,1% of same blend (B10). The pigs were weighed 0 and 42 days into the experiment. On day 10, one animal per pen (10 replicates) was euthanized for microbiota analyses. The diarrhea incidence was calculated by the percentage of visual pens with diarrhea, by day, in the period. The growth performance was analyzed by GLIMMIX procedure and the means were compared with Tukey test (P &lt; 0.050) (SAS, 2009). Diarrhea incidence was analyzed by GENMOD procedure (SAS, 2009). The Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare microbial biodiversity (P &lt; 0.050) by statistical program STAMP. The final weight (P = 0.010) and average daily gain (P = 0.001) of B10 and PC were higher than NC. Regarding diarrhea, it was observed that the B5 and B10 had lower incidence when compared to other groups in the total period. In the microbiome analyses, it was observed that the B5, B10, and PC groups had lower (P = 0.021) biodiversity when compared to the NC piglets. However, the B5 and B10 group had higher biodiversity when compared to the PC group. In conclusion, the supplementation with 0,1% blend of additives can be a substitute for AGP.

A 'protein bank' of Lotus uliginosus cv. Maku as an alternative to conventional protein supplements for weaned lambs grazing on natural pastures during summer and autumn

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
L. Piaggio ◽  
M. de J. Marichal ◽  
A. Pastorín
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Protein Block ◽  
Lotus Uliginosus

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of restricted grazing of an improved natural pasture as an alternative to conventional protein supplements for weaned lambs grazing natural pastures during summer–autumn. Two natural pastures that differed in dry matter allowances were used as basal diets. Sixty Corriedale lambs, 3 months old, were divided into 10 homogeneous groups. For each natural pasture, one group of lambs was randomly assigned to one of the following treatments (at 10 lambs/ha): continuous grazing (control); control + protein block (150 g/lamb. day); control + soybean meal (100 g/lamb. day); control + supplemental protein obtained from grazing for 3 h/day a natural pasture improved with Lotus uliginosus cv. Maku; or same as previous, except that grazing was allowed 1 in 3 days. Performance results (final bodyweight, average daily gain, and difference between initial and final body scores) were analysed as a completely randomised block design with subsampling. Lambs grazing 3 h/day or 1 in 3 days on improved pasture or supplemented with soybean meal showed better (P < 0.05) performance than non-supplemented lambs. Lambs consuming the protein block performed similarly (P > 0.05) to control lambs. The experiment demonstrated that feeding strategies using controlled grazing of natural pastures improved with lotus Maku or soybean meal supplementation are effective to achieve target growth rates of weaned lambs grazing natural pastures in summer–autumn.

scholarly journals PSX-11 Effects of nutritional plane before breeding on body condition score, mass indexes, and chemical composition of hair sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 455-455
Author(s):  
Raquel V Lourencon ◽  
Lionel J Dawson ◽  
Ryszard Puchala ◽  
Luana P Ribeiro ◽  
Terry A Gipson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Ground Corn

Abstract Twenty-five Dorper (D), 27 Katahdin (K), and 33 St. Croix (S) ewes were used to characterize changes in BW, body condition score (BCS), body mass index (BMI), and body composition with different nutritional planes before breeding. Supplement treatments were soybean meal fed at 0.16% BW and 25% soybean meal and 75% ground corn at 0.8% BW (DM; L and H, respectively). There were two animal groups and pens per breed and supplement treatment. Shrunk BW (20 h without feed and water), BCS (1–5), linear measures including wither height and length from the point of the shoulder to pin bone, and body composition via urea space were determined after 0, 4, and 8 wk. Initial values were 62.10, 59.99, 61.57, 62.25, 50.23, and 52.98 kg shrunk BW (SEM=3.601); 35.82, 34.81, 35.57, 36.41, 33.77, and 34.09% fat (SEM=1.043); 17.06, 16.72, 16.98, 17.27, 16.38, and 16.49 MJ/kg energy (SEM=0.357); 3.29, 3.41, 3.29, 3.29, 2.99, and 3.18 BCS (SEM=0.139); and 13.72, 14.22, 12.69, 12.81, 11.53, and 11.50 g/cm2 BMI (BW/(height×length); SEM=0.463) for D-L, D-H, K-L, K-H, S-L, and S-H, respectively. Change from wk 0 to 8 was -0.80, 2.90, -2.74, 3.33, -2.02, and 3.36 kg shrunk BW (SEM=0.842); -0.14, 2.03, -1.45, 1.70, -0.85, and 2.10 kg fat (SEM=0.862); -8.4, 83.7, -62.5, 73.8, -38.4, and 88.1 MJ energy (SEM=33.30); -0.02, 0.20, 0.04, 0.29, -0.08, and 0.17 BCS (SEM=0.070); and -0.265, 0.297, -0.185, 0.491, -0.571, and 0.587 g/cm2 BMI (SEM=0.488) for D-L, D-H, K-L, K-H, S-L, and S-H, respectively. Correlation coefficients between change in BCS and mass of water, fat, and energy were 0.35 and 0.44 (P ≤ 0.004), and those for BMI were 0.54 and 0.56, respectively (P &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, a BMI can be more highly related to and predictive of change in body composition of hair sheep resulting from different nutritional planes compared with BCS.

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