PSXII-35 The Periovulatory Endocrine Milieu Affects the Composition of the Oviductal Fluid in Beef Cows

Abstract Our main objective was to compare the composition of the oviductal fluid (OFL) between cows of high and low receptivity to the embryo. A model for receptivity based on the manipulation of the size of the preovulatory follicle (POF) was used to compare the composition of the OFL. Using this model, it has been proved that the oviduct of high receptivity cows has differences in morphology, gene expression, and extracellular matrix remodeling when compared to low receptivity cows. Cycling, non-lactating, multiparous Nelore cows (n = 14) were presynchronized before receiving cloprostenol (large follicle [LF] group) or not (small follicle [SF] group), along with a progesterone (P4) device on Day (D) ─10. Devices were withdrawn, and cloprostenol administered 42–60 h (LF) or 30–36 h (SF) before GnRH agonist treatment (D0). As a result, higher estrogen concentrations, corpora lutea, and progesterone concentrations were also observed in the LF group in comparison to the SF group. Four days after GnRH-induced ovulation, OFL was collected. Quantitative mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of 21 amino acids, 21 biogenic amines, 40 acylcarnitines, 76 phosphatidylcholines, 14 lysophosphatidylcholines, 15 sphingomyelins, 29 hexoses, and 17 prostaglandins and related compounds in the OF. MetaboAnalyst 3.0 was used to identify which metabolites better explained the separation of experimental groups and which could potentially be used as markers of receptivity. After multivariate and PLS analysis, samples of the LF and SF were divided clearly into two non-overlapping clusters. The most influential variables to separate the two groups included: Glutamate, Leucine, four phosphatidylcholines, three lysophosphatidylcholines, and arachidonic acid. Univariate analyses further confirmed these results. There were statistical differences in the concentration of 31 metabolites (P ≤ 0.05) between groups. We concluded that the composition of the OFL is different between cows with contrasting receptivity and fertility status.

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Steroidal Regulation of Oviductal microRNAs Is Associated with microRNA-Processing in Beef Cows

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22020953 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 953

Author(s):

Angela Maria Gonella-Diaza ◽

Everton Lopes ◽

Kauê Ribeiro da Silva ◽

Ricardo Perecin Nociti ◽

Gabriella Mamede Andrade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mirna Expression ◽

Sex Steroids ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Early Embryo ◽

Preovulatory Follicle ◽

Large Follicle ◽

Specific Manner ◽

Microrna Processing ◽

Small Follicle

Information on molecular mechanisms through which sex-steroids regulate oviductal function to support early embryo development is lacking. Here, we hypothesized that the periovulatory endocrine milieu affects the miRNA processing machinery and miRNA expression in bovine oviductal tissues. Growth of the preovulatory follicle was controlled to obtain cows that ovulated a small follicle (SF) and subsequently bore a small corpus luteum (CL; SF-SCL) or a large follicle (LF) and large CL (LF-LCL). These groups differed in the periovulatory plasmatic sex-steroid’s concentrations. Ampulla and isthmus samples were collected on day four of the estrous cycle. Abundance of DROSHA, DICER1, and AGO4 transcripts was greater in the ampulla than the isthmus. In the ampulla, transcription of these genes was greater for the SF-SCL group, while the opposite was observed in the isthmus. The expression of the 88 most abundant miRNAs and 14 miRNAs in the ampulla and 34 miRNAs in isthmus were differentially expressed between LF-LCL and SF-SCL groups. Integration of transcriptomic and miRNA data and molecular pathways enrichment showed that important pathways were inhibited in the SF-SCL group due to miRNA control. In conclusion, the endocrine milieu affects the miRNA expression in the bovine oviduct in a region-specific manner.

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Effect of Peri-Ovulatory Endocrine Milieu in the Oviductal Physiology of Beef Cows: Regulation of the Transcriptome, Tissue Morphology, Cell Proliferation, Extracellular Matrix Remodeling, microRNAs Abundance Profile, and Oviductal Fluid Composition

10.11606/t.10.2017.tde-02082017-152246 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Angela Maria Gonella Diaza

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Cell Proliferation ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Extracellular Matrix Remodeling ◽

Fluid Composition ◽

Matrix Remodeling ◽

Tissue Morphology ◽

Abundance Profile ◽

Oviductal Fluid

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Diminution of the in Vitro Response to Luteinizing Hormone by Corpora Lutea Induced by Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Treatment of Postpartum Suckled Beef Cows

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jas1981.533749x ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 749-754 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

D. J. Kesler ◽

P. G. Weston ◽

C. A. Pimentel ◽

T. R. Troxel ◽

D. L. Vincent ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Hormone Treatment ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

In Vitro Response

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Influence of catecholestradiol on short-lived corpora lutea in beef cows

Domestic Animal Endocrinology ◽

10.1016/0739-7240(93)90015-4 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 95-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M.L. Day ◽

S.G. Kurz ◽

K.P. Nephew ◽

M.D. Wright ◽

Y. Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beef Cows ◽

Corpora Lutea

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ENDOCRINE PROFILES AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORPORA LUTEA FOLLOWING ONSET OF POSTPARTUM OVARIAN ACTIVITY IN BEEF COWS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas83-041 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 331-347 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

J. G. MANNS ◽

W. D. HUMPHREY ◽

P. F. FLOOD ◽

R. J. MAPLETOFT ◽

N. RAWLINGS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Light And Electron Microscopy ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Luteal Cell ◽

Cell Diameter ◽

Rapid Decline ◽

Ovarian Activity ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Functional Characteristics ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Endocrine Profiles

Three experiments were conducted to evaluate endocrine profiles and to determine the morphological and functional characteristics of corpora lutea (CL) following the onset of postpartum ovarian activity in beef cows, suckled by a single calf once daily. In exp. 1, blood samples were collected from 12 cows at 6-h intervals beginning 25 days postpartum until ovariectomy which was carried out on each of two cows on days 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35 after parturition. Ovarian structures were examined grossly and histologically. In exp. 2, blood samples were collected from eight cows at 6-h intervals for 18 days beginning 25 days postpartum and at less frequent intervals thereafter. Laparotomies were carried out on day 36 after calving, the ovaries were observed, CL were sampled and the residual tissue was marked with charcoal. A second laparotomy was performed on day 50. Luteal tissue samples were processed and examined by light and electron microscopy. Luteal cell types were evaluated, percent of area covered by large cells was determined and average luteal cell diameter was calculated. In exp. 3, seven cows were bled daily from parturition until day 25 postpartum. Serum from all experiments was assayed for progesterone (P4), FSH, LH and a prostaglandin metabolite (PGFM). The data showed that serum PGFM levels declined from a peak at calving to basal levels by 10 days postpartum which was well before the first ovulation. In all instances the observed peaks of serum LH and serum FSH preceded the first rise in P4 which, in eight of nine cases, was due to a functional CL. These CL were functional for periods of time ranging from 3 to 12 days. The regression of short-lived CL appeared abnormal compared to the longer-lived CL in which regression was characterized by a rapid decline in P4 and elevated blood PGFM. These data show clearly that the first increase in P4 is preceded by a typical LH surge, followed by ovulation and CL formation which has a variable life-span. Key words: Beef cows, postpartum, anestrus, corpus luteum.

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Spatio-specific regulation of endocrine-responsive gene transcription by periovulatory endocrine profiles in the bovine reproductive tract

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rd14178 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (10) ◽

pp. 1533 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Estela R. Araújo ◽

Mariana Sponchiado ◽

Guilherme Pugliesi ◽

Veerle Van Hoeck ◽

Fernando S. Mesquita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Reproductive Tract ◽

Uterine Horn ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Large Follicle ◽

Endocrine Profiles ◽

Peptidase Inhibitor ◽

Solute Carrier ◽

Specific Regulation ◽

Small Follicle

In cattle, pro-oestrous oestradiol and dioestrous progesterone concentrations modulate endometrial gene expression and fertility. The aim was to compare the effects of different periovulatory endocrine profiles on the expression of progesterone receptor (PGR), oestrogen receptor 2 (ESR2), oxytocin receptor (OXTR), member C4 of aldo–keto reductase family 1 (AKR1C4), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), solute carrier family 2, member 1 (SLC2A1) and serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A member 14 (SERPINA14): (1) between uterine horns ipsi- and contralateral to the corpus luteum (CL), (2) between regions of the ipsilateral horn and (3) in the vagina. Endometrium and vagina tissue samples were collected from cows that ovulated a larger (large follicle-large CL, LF-LCL; n = 6) or smaller follicle (small follicle-small CL, SF-SCL; n = 6) 7 days after oestrus. Cows in the LF-LCL group had a greater abundance of transcripts encoding ESR2, AKR1C4, LPL, SLC2A1 and SERPINA14, but a reduced expression of PGR and OXTR in the endometrium versus the SF-SCL group (P < 0.05). Expression of PGR and OXTR was greater in the contralateral compared with the ipsilateral horn (P < 0.05). Regardless of group, the anterior region of the ipsilateral horn had increased expression of PGR, ESR2, LPL, SLC2A1 and SERPINA14 (P < 0.05). Different periovulatory endocrine profiles, i.e. LF-LCL or SF-SCL, did not influence gene expression in the vagina and had no interaction with inter- or intra-uterine horn gene expression. In conclusion, inter- and intra-uterine horn variations in gene expression indicate that the expression of specific genes in the bovine reproductive tract is location dependent. However, spatial distribution of transcripts was not influenced by distinct periovulatory sex-steroid environments.

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233 ANTI-MÜLLERIAN HORMONE AS A PREDICTIVE ENDOCRINE MARKER FOR SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE AND EMBRYO PRODUCTION IN BEEF CATTLE

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rdv28n2ab233 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 248

Author(s):

K. Center ◽

D. Dixon ◽

R. Rorie

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Blood Sample ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Embryo Production ◽

Antral Follicles ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

The Mean ◽

Donor Cows

A study investigated the use of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and/or follicle counts as a predictor of subsequent superovulatory response and embryo production in 79 beef cows. Before initiation of superovulation, ultrasonography was used to scan the ovaries of each donor cow to record the number of 3 to 5 mm follicles present, and a blood sample was collected for measure of serum AMH. At the time of embryo collection, the ovaries of donor cows were palpated to estimate the number of corpora lutea (CL) present on each ovary. Recovered embryos were evaluated for stage of development and morphological quality. Across cows, serum AMH ranged from 0.013 to 0.898 ng mL–1, with a mean of 0.293 ng mL–1. The distribution of AMH concentrations was divided into quartiles (AMH Q1 through Q4, with Q1 the lowest and Q4 the highest, ng mL–1) for analysis (ANOVA). Number of donors/collections in AMH Q1 through Q4 was 26, 22, 24, and 24, respectively. Donor cows in AMH Q4 had a greater (P < 0.001) number of 3- to 5-mm follicles at the start of superovulation than did donors in either Q1 or Q2. At embryo collection, cows in AMH Q3 and 4 had more (P < 0.001) palpable CL than cows in AMH Q1. The mean number of embryos recovered from donor cows in AMH Q4 (20.1 ± 1.8) was greater (P < 0.001) than those recovered from cows in either AMH Q1 (9.8 ± 1.8) or 2 (9.4 ± 1.9), but similar to that of AMH Q3 (15.5 ± 1.8). Percentages of recovered embryos classified as transferrable, degenerate, or unfertilized were similar (P ≥ 0.275) across AMH quartiles. Analysis indicated that AMH was positively correlated (P < 0.001) with mean follicles (r = 0.458), CL (r = 0.452), and embryos recovered (r = 0.430). To determine if follicle counts at the start of superovulation are predictive of superovulatory response, the distribution of follicle counts was divided into quartiles (F Q1 through Q4, with Q1 the lowest and Q4 the highest) for analysis. Donor cows with higher follicle counts (F Q3 and 4) at the start of superovulation had more (P < 0.001) palpable CL at embryo collection than donor cows in F Q1 or 2. More (P < 0.001) embryos (20.0 ± 2.2 v. 9.6 ± 1.8 and 11.6 ± 1.6) were recovered from cows with the highest follicle counts (F Q4) compared with cows having lower (F Q1 and 2) follicle counts, respectively. The percentage of transferable embryos and unfertilized ova were similar (P ≥ 0.688) across follicle count quartiles. As was noted for AMH, mean number of follicles at the start of superovulation was positively correlated (P < 0.001) with mean CL (r = 0.556) and mean embryos (r = 0.423) but not percentages of viable or degenerate embryos or unfertilized oocytes (P ≥ 0.153). Results confirm that relative AMH concentration was positively correlated with number of small antral follicles in the ovaries of cows and might be used to either predict superovulatory response or possibly adjust superovulatory regimen to improve superovulatory response. Further study is needed to determine the effectiveness of using either AMH concentration or follicle counts to adjust superovulatory regimens.

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