The effect of single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of bovine alpha-lactalbumin (LALBA) gene on LALBA expression in milk cells and milk traits of cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Ostrowska ◽  
Lech Zwierzchowski ◽  
Paulina Brzozowska ◽  
Ewelina Kawecka-Grochocka ◽  
Beata Żelazowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Region ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Retinoid X Receptor Alpha ◽  
Alpha Lactalbumin

Abstract Polymorphisms of milk protein genes have been proposed as candidate markers for dairy production traits in cattle. In the present study, a polymorphism was detected in the 5’flanking (promoter) region of the bovine alpha-lactalbumin (LALBA) gene, a T/C transition located at nucleotide (nt) -1001 relative to the transcription start site g.-1001T > C (NC_037332.1:g.31183170T > C) which is recognizable with PstI restriction endonuclease. In silico analyses showed that this mutation created novel retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRA) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) transcription factor binding sites. Real-time PCR found that cows with different genetic variants of the promoter demonstrated different levels of expression of LALBA mRNA in milk somatic cells (MSC). The TT genotype cows demonstrated low expression, while those with CT demonstrated much higher expression (P < 0.05). ELISA analysis found milk LALBA protein levels also differed between the TT and CT cows (P < 0.05), and that these levels were not correlated with the mRNA abundance in MSC. Association analysis found that the g.-1001T > C polymorphism in the promoter region of the LALBA gene influenced milk production traits in Polish Holstein-Friesian (HF) cows. High daily milk yield and dry matter yield, and high lactose yield and concentration were associated with the TT genotype. The TT genotype cows also had a lower number of somatic cells in the milk, considered as an indicator of udder health status. Therefore, the TT genotype could be more desirable from the breeder’s perspective.

Variation in the Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) gene affects milk traits in dairy cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huitong Zhou ◽  
Long Cheng ◽  
Hua Gong ◽  
Seung O. Byun ◽  
Grant R. Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Gene Variation ◽  
Single Stranded Conformational Polymorphism ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Tlr4 Gene

The objective of this Research Communication was to use polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis to investigate a region of the bovine TLR4 gene (TLR4) in pasture-fed New Zealand (NZ) Holstein-Friesian × Jersey (HF × J) cross dairy cows and to determine whether gene variation was associated with milk production traits. Genetic variation was observed, with two variants (A and B) containing a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (c.2021C/T) that was non-synonymous and putatively results in a p.Thr674Ile substitution in the transmembrane/cytoplasmic domain of TLR4. Variant A was associated with higher milk yields, but lower milk fat percentages, whereas B was associated with lower milk yields, but higher fat and protein percentages. Cows of genotype AA produced more milk than AB or BB cows, but the milk produced by AA cows contained less fat than AB or BB cows.

Effect of polymorphism in the 5’ promoter region of the TG gene on the milk production traits of Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska ◽  
Inga Kowalewska-Łuczak
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the occurrence of three different point mutations (257C>T, 335A>G and 422 C>T) in the promoter region of the gene encoding thyroglobulin (causing polymorphism) and the milk production traits of cattle. The research was conducted on a herd of Polish Holstein-Friesian cows. Genotypes were determined by PCR and its ACRS modification. The frequency of more common alleles for the point mutations was determined: C ‒ 0.830 (257C>T), A ‒ 0.765 (335A>G), and C ‒ 0.635 (422C>T). The statistical analysis showed that all three point mutations in the promoter region of the TG gene significantly (P ≤ 0.05; P ≤ 0.01) affect the analysed milk production traits, i.e. daily milk yield, content of milk fat and protein, and somatic cell count.

scholarly journals Polymorphisms of the PRLR Gene and Their Association with Milk Production Traits in Egyptian Buffaloes

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1237
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. El-Magd ◽  
Aziza Fathy ◽  
Khaled A. Kahilo ◽  
Ayman A. Saleh ◽  
Ahmed I. El Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Water Buffaloes ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Milk Performance

Prolactin (PRL) and its receptor (PRLR) were considered as potential genetic markers for milk production and quality traits in cattle. However, little information is available regarding PRLR genetic diversity and association studies with milk traits in Egyptian water buffaloes. Therefore, the present study was conducted to search for mutations in PRLR and determine their associations with milk performance in these animals. Exon3 (E3) and E10 of PRLR were screened for polymorphisms using single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and sequencing in 400 buffaloes. The associations between haplotypes and milk production (fat%, protein%, lactose%, and solid%) traits as well as mRNA and protein levels of PRL and PRLR were studied. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in E10 were detected: g.11685G>A (p.Ala494Thr) and g.11773T>C (p.Val523Aal). The G and T alleles were wild (ancestral) alleles, while the A and C alleles were mutant alleles. These SNPs resulted in four haplotypes; AC, AT, GC, and GT. Buffaloes with wild GT haplotypes showed significantly higher milk yield, fat% and protein%, mRNA and protein levels of PRL and PRLR in milk somatic cells than other animals. Animals carrying mutant AC haplotype had inferior milk traits and lowest levels of associated mRNAs and proteins. With these results, we could conclude that the selection of buffaloes with wild GT haplotypes for g.11685G>A and g.11773T>C SNPs of the PRLR gene might improve the milk production traits of Egyptian water buffaloes.

Possible relationship between IGF-1/SnaBI genotypes and milk yield of Holstein-Friesian cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Małgorzata WASIELEWSKA ◽  
Iwona SZATKOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Friesian Cows

The correlation between polymorphisms in the IGF-1 gene and production traits in beef cattle is well known. The effect of insulin-like growth factor on the value of milk traits is not yet adequately understood. The aim of the study was to attempt to describe the effect of IGF-1/SnaBI substitution on selected milk performance parameters of the Black-and-White variety of Holstein-Friesian cows. Three genotypes were identified: CC, CT and TT. The results showed a correlation between IGF-1/SnaBI genotypes and milk yield (highest for CC homozygotes and lowest for CT heterozygotes). No relationship could be established between the genotype and the quality characteristics of milk.

scholarly journals Temperament of Holstein Friesian cows in milking parlour and its relation to milk production

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Szentléleki ◽  
Jeremy Hervé ◽  
Ferenc Pajor ◽  
Daniel Falta ◽  
János Tőzsér
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of temperament of Holstein cows scored before and during milking during the entire lactation and to calculate correlation between temperament measured in the two moments as well as milk production traits and temperament. Observations were carried out on 17 primiparous Holstein Friesian cows starting their lactation within 85 days. Measurements of temperament and milk production traits were taken once in each month of the lactation, during the morning milking, in a milking parlour. Temperament was assessed in a 5-point scale during udder preparation and milking procedure (1: very nervous, 5: very quiet). Data of milk yield and milk flow were collected individually on each test day morning. Results showed changes during the lactation in temperament of cows scored directly before milking (P < 0.01), however, temperament during milking did not alter with months (P > 0.10). By correlation coefficients, behaviour assessed in the two moments cannot be regarded as the same. In addition loose, significant relations were found only between milk traits and temperament before milking.

scholarly journals Determination of a possible relationship between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of the <i>SIRT1</i> gene and production and reproduction traits in the Agerolese cattle breed

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Selvaggi ◽  
Claudia Carbonara ◽  
Francesca Ciotola ◽  
Sara Albarella ◽  
Giulio Aiudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Abstract. Sirtuins (sir2-like proteins) belong to the family of class III NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases. Among them, SIRT1 is the most studied sirtuin. It plays a key role in many biological processes in the liver, adipose tissue, muscle, pancreas, testis, ovary and mammary gland. It has an important function in endocrine signaling, with a specific role in glucose and fat metabolism. To date, in bovine species, only few SIRT1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported in the literature. Thus, the aims of the present study were to estimate the allele and genotype frequencies at the g.-274C > G locus in the promoter region of the SIRT1 gene and to investigate, for the first time, the relationship among different genotypes and milk production and some reproduction traits in a sample of cows belonging to the Agerolese breed. All the animals were genotyped at the abovementioned locus using the PCR-RFLP technique. The investigated population was found to be polymorphic at the investigated locus. Concerning milk production performances, significant differences between genotypes were found in daily milk yield (DMY), fat percentage (FC), lactation length (LL), peak daily milk yield (PY) and 305-day milk yield (305MY). Moreover, the effect of the g.-274C > G genotype on age at first calving and calving period was significant. In conclusion, our findings are promising and should encourage scientists to further investigate the effect of genetic polymorphism of sirtuins on milk performance and reproductive traits.

scholarly journals Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of NUCB2 and Their Genetic Associations with Milk Production Traits in Dairy Cows

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Han ◽  
Yuwei Yuan ◽  
Yanhua Li ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Dongxiao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Flanking Region ◽  
Fat Yield

We previously used the RNA sequencing technique to detect the hepatic transcriptome of Chinese Holstein cows among the dry period, early lactation, and peak of lactation, and implied that the nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) gene might be associated with milk production traits due to its expression being significantly increased in early lactation or peak of lactation as compared to dry period (q value < 0.05). Hence, in this study, we detected the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NUCB2 and analyzed their genetic associations with milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage, protein yield, and protein percentage. We re-sequenced the entire coding and 2000 bp of 5′ and 3′ flanking regions of NUCB2 by pooled sequencing, and identified ten SNPs, including one in 5′ flanking region, two in 3′ untranslated region (UTR), and seven in 3′ flanking region. The single-SNP association analysis results showed that the ten SNPs were significantly associated with milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage, protein yield, or protein percentage in the first or second lactation (p values <= 1 × 10−4 and 0.05). In addition, we estimated the linkage disequilibrium (LD) of the ten SNPs by Haploview 4.2, and found that the SNPs were highly linked in one haplotype block (D′ = 0.98–1.00), and the block was also significantly associated with at least one milk traits in the two lactations (p values: 0.0002–0.047). Further, we predicted the changes of transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) that are caused by the SNPs in the 5′ flanking region of NUCB2, and considered that g.35735477C>T might affect the expression of NUCB2 by changing the TFBSs for ETS transcription factor 3 (ELF3), caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2), mammalian C-type LTR TATA box (VTATA), nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT), and v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG) (matrix similarity threshold, MST > 0.85). However, the further study should be performed to verify the regulatory mechanisms of NUCB2 and its polymorphisms on milk traits. Our findings first revealed the genetic effects of NUCB2 on the milk traits in dairy cows, and suggested that the significant SNPs could be used in genomic selection to improve the accuracy of selection for dairy cattle breeding.

scholarly journals Associations between Bovine β-Defensin 4 Genotypes and Production Traits of Polish Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cattle

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 723
Author(s):  
Brodowska ◽  
Zwierzchowski ◽  
Marczak ◽  
Jarmuż ◽  
Bagnicka
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Holstein Friesian

This study analyzed the associations between two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (C2239T and A1674C), used together as a genotype located in BNBD4, and milk traits and breeding values of productivity traits of Polish Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. The research was carried out on 322 cows, with 7070 milk parameter and somatic cell count records in daily milking, as well as 897 records covering data on whole lactations, and 2209 breeding value records for productivity traits. The DMU statistical package with a one-trait repeatability test-day animal model was used to estimate the associations. The differences between the genotype effects were analyzed using Duncan’s post-hoc tests. The CC/AA and CT/AC genotypes had the highest frequencies (0.62 and 0.23, respectively). For use in marker-assisted selection, the CC/AC genotype is the most promising as an indicator of high-yielding cows potentially resistant to mastitis, because it was associated with the lowest somatic cell count (SCC), highest milk, fat, and protein yields in daily milking, as well as with milk yield in the whole lactation. The studied genotypes were also related to the breeding values of all the investigated production traits. However, some simulation studies have indicated a high rate of false-positives in GWAS based on classically calculated EBVs.

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