370 Predicting nitrogen and phosphorous flows in beef open lots

Abstract This research summarizes a large existing data base collected over fifteen years to examine origin and fate of nitrogen and phosphorous in an open lot beef system, as impacted by seasonal changes, diets, and management practices. Data from 15 winter trials, including 200 pens, and 15 summer trials, including 216 pens were reviewed for nutrient mass balance, which was then used to determine the correlations of season, diet, and management with nitrogen and phosphorous intake, retention, manure harvested, loss, and runoff. All relationships were evaluated using linear regression SAS. Results suggested N in harvested manure for winter and summer averaged 90 and 51 g/steer daily, respectively (compared to ASABE standard of 88.5) and P harvested in manure for winter and summer averaged 26 and 17.7 g/steer daily, respectively (compared to ASABE standard of 37.5). Results of this summary show that the amount of nitrogen lost and retained in the manure is correlated to season (winter versus summer feeding period). Nitrogen in the manure (R2=0.21) and amount lost (R2=0.65) correlations with N intake in the summer were greater compared to winter (R2=0.06) and (R2=0.22). There is a greater correlation of phosphorous intake with amount harvested in manure (R2=0.32) in the winter versus the summer (R2=0.19). Results of the mass balance data compared with ASABE standards suggest greater observed dietary nutrient intakes than assumed by these standards. For example, average winter and summer nitrogen intakes of 220 and 250 g/steer daily exceeds the ASABE standard of 192 g/steer daily. These unique data describe the variability of nutrient recovery and losses from beef systems—and the importance of basing standard planning estimates on dietary concentration and evolving with current practices.

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Field Measurements and Simulation of Nitrogen Fate under Citrus Production

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.498c ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 498c-498

Author(s):

A. Fares ◽

A.K. Alva ◽

S. Paramasivam

Keyword(s):

Mass Balance ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Crop Production ◽

Management Practices ◽

Root Zone ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Irrigation Scheduling ◽

N Leaching ◽

Citrus Production

Water and nitrogen (N) are important inputs for most crop production. The main objectives of nitrogen best management practices (NBMP) are to improve N and water management to maximize the uptake efficiency and minimize the leaching losses. This require a complete understanding of fate of N and water mass balance within and below the root zone of the crop in question. The fate of nitrogen applied for citrus production in sandy soils (>95% sand) was simulated using a mathematical model LEACHM (Leaching Estimation And Chemistry Model). Nitrogen removal in harvested fruits and storage in the tree accounted the major portion of the applied N. Nitrogen volatilization mainly as ammonia and N leaching below the root zone were the next two major components of the N mass balance. A proper irrigation scheduling based on continuous monitoring of the soil water content in the rooting was used as a part of the NBMP. More than 50% of the total annual leached water below the root zone was predicted to occur in the the rainy season. Since this would contribute to nitrate leaching, it is recomended to avoid N application during the rainy season.

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Road Salt Application in Highland Creek Watershed, Toronto, Ontario - Chloride Mass Balance

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.2010.044 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 451-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Nandana Perera ◽

Bahram Gharabaghi ◽

Peter Noehammer ◽

Bruce Kilgour

Keyword(s):

Mass Balance ◽

Management Practices ◽

Chloride Concentration ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

Road Salt ◽

Winter Period ◽

Chloride Mass Balance ◽

Creek Watershed ◽

Chloride Concentrations

Abstract Occurrence of increasing chloride concentrations in urban streams of cold climates, mainly due to road salt application, has raised concerns on its adverse effects on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, there is a need for a better understanding of processes associated with road salt application and subsequent discharge into the environment in order to develop management practices to minimize detrimental effects of chlorides. The chloride mass analysis for the Highland Creek watershed based on four years of hourly monitoring data indicates that approximately 60% of the chlorides applied on the watershed enter streams prior to subsequent salting period, 85% of which occurs during the period between November and March. Contribution of private de-icing operations on chloride mass input within Highland Creek watershed was estimated to be approximately 38%, indicating its significance in overall chloride mass balance. Salt application rates, as well as chloride output in the streams, vary spatially based on land use, influencing chloride concentrations in surface waters. The estimated groundwater chloride concentration of 275 mg/L indicates that some aquatic organisms in Highland Creek would potentially be at risk even outside the winter period under dry weather flow conditions.

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Approximation of submarine groundwater discharge and allied nutrient fluxes to the Bay of Bengal, India using nutrient mass balance

Environmental Earth Sciences ◽

10.1007/s12665-021-09669-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (9) ◽

Author(s):

R. Prakash ◽

K. Srinivasamoorthy ◽

S. Gopinath ◽

K. Saravanan ◽

F. Vinnarasi

Keyword(s):

Mass Balance ◽

Bay Of Bengal ◽

Submarine Groundwater Discharge ◽

Groundwater Discharge ◽

Nutrient Fluxes ◽

Submarine Groundwater ◽

Nutrient Mass Balance

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Modelling nutrient mass balance in a temperate meso-tidal estuary: Implications for management

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science ◽

10.1016/j.ecss.2007.06.013 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 175-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

João Magalhães Neto ◽

Mogens René Flindt ◽

João Carlos Marques ◽

Miguel Ângelo Pardal

Keyword(s):

Mass Balance ◽

Tidal Estuary ◽

Nutrient Mass Balance

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Integrating Record Keeping with Whole Farm Nutrient Mass Balance: A Case Study

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v8n6p22 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jack Van Almelo ◽

Quirine M. Ketterings ◽

Sebastian Cela

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Mass Balance ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Management Program ◽

Record System ◽

Record Keeping ◽

Software Packages ◽

Nutrient Mass Balance ◽

Accounting Software ◽

On Farm

<p>A whole farm nutrient mass balance (NMB) assessment gathers information on farm characteristics, nutrient imports and exports; provides indicators of farm production efficiency, potential environmental footprint; and helps identify opportunities for management improvements. Simplifying the data collection process facilitates wider NMB adoption. Our objectives were to: (1) integrate the NMB assessment into “Fields and Crops Manager”, an on-farm crop management program; (2) evaluate existing, on-farm, software packages for their ability to supply data for the assessment; and (3) document farmer response prior to and after conducting an NMB with the integrated record system. Software evaluated included the DRMS DHI-202 Herd Summary report, Centerpoint Accounting, PCDART and Quickbooks Accounting software, FeedWatch and TMR Tracker feeding systems, and Dairy Comp 305 herd management software. Six dairy farmers participated in the evaluation. The NMB results were presented and discussed in group meetings with each farmer. The records in the Fields and Crops Manager program and other software packages were not complete enough to allow for automated transfer of data into the NMB tool. Instead, the new NMB function within Fields and Crops Manager was used as a platform to enter, calculate, and store the NMB. Despite initial hesitation about participating, all six farmers concluded that (1) the NMB assessment was worth the data collection effort; and (2) meetings with farm advisors (crop planner, nutritionist) greatly improved the value of the NMB. The biggest obstacle to calculating NMBs can be overcome if purchases are recorded in the farm’s accounting software as invoices are entered.</p>

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NUTRIENT MASS BALANCE FOR THE ALBEMARLE-PAMLICO DRAINAGE BASIN, NORTH CAROLINA AND VIRGINIA, 1990

JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association ◽

10.1111/j.1752-1688.1997.tb03533.x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 573-589 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Gerard McMahon ◽

Michael D. Woodside

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Mass Balance ◽

Drainage Basin ◽

Nutrient Mass Balance

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Fate of nitrogen in pig slurry applied to a New Zealand pasture soil

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/s96088 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 941 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

P. L. Carey ◽

A. W. Rate ◽

K. C. Cameron

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Mass Balance ◽

Environmental Concern ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Pasture Soil ◽

Fate Of Nitrogen ◽

Denitrification Loss ◽

Large Soil

A 2-year lysimeter study was conducted to determine the fate of nitrogen in pig slurry applied to a moderately fertile, semi-free-draining pasture soil in the Canterbury Plains of New Zealand. Pig slurry was applied annually for 2 years in autumn, at 3 rates of 0, 200, and 400 kg N/ha to 12 large soil lysimeters (4 at each rate), 800 mm in diameter by 1200 mm deep. Slurry applied in Year 1 was labelled with 15N and a mass balance obtained at the end of the experiment. The mass balance showed that over the 2 years following application of 15N-labelled slurry, 8–19% was lost in the leachate, 20% was removed in the cut pasture, 15–26% was lost via volatilisation, 14–18% remained in the roots and soil, and approximately 30% was lost by denitrification. The high denitrification loss was attributed to (i) a large soil concentration of nitrate supplied from nitrification of the ammonium-N in the slurry; (ii) a readily oxidisable source of carbon supplied in the slurry; and (iii) transient anaerobic conditions produced by textural discontinuities and impeding layers within the soil profile. The fate of applied nitrogen between years was affected by the pattern of water inputs (rainfall and irrigation) and the resulting effect on drainage. Concentrations of inorganic nitrogen in the leachate from the 200 kg N/ha·year treatment were found to be consistently below 25 mg N/L, but those from the 400 kg N/ha·year treatment were considerably higher (c. 65 mg N/L) and persisted for a prolonged period. The latter N concentration represented a significant loss of nitrogen over the study period and may be of environmental concern.

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