scholarly journals PSXIV-14 Evaluation of 21 fungal strains as pretreatment of corn stover: chemical composition and in vitro digestibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 444-444
Author(s):  
Paulina Luna Moreno ◽  
Hermilo Leal-Lara ◽  
Águeda García-Pérez ◽  
Luis Corona ◽  
Atmir Romero-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

Abstract Agricultural by-products such as corn stover (CS) are abundantly available in many countries; however, its high content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and lignin (L) and low protein content, causes low digestibility and nutrient availability for ruminants. The production of edible fungi could improve the digestibility of the CS because fungi can break down the cross-links between cell wall components. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the invaded CS-based substrate used in the production of 21 white rot fungi of the species: Auricularia sp (Auri), Ganoderma sp (Gano), Hericium sp (Heri), Lentinula edodes (LC, L5, L9, L15, L21), Pleurotus eryngii (Pe-PQ, Pe-MB), Pleurotus djamour (Pd-Pro, Pd-UTMR) and Pleurotus ostreatus (Po-IAP, Po-Psma, Po-P14, Po-POS, Po-IE202, Po-JP, Po-P35, Po-P38, Po-Sfco) on crude protein (CP), NDF and L content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). The variables were analyzed in a completely randomized design with the MIXED procedure of SAS and the comparison of the means was made with the Tukey analysis. For CP, a significant increase (P < 0.05) was observed from 10% (Pe-MB) to 41% (LC) in comparison with the substrate without inoculation (C). There was a decrease (P < 0.05) of NDF from 2% (LC) to 10% (Pd-PRO) against C. Fungal treated CS had no effect on L (P < 0.05) as compared to C. Treatments increased (P < 0.05) IVDMD from 3% (L15) up to 36% (Po-POS) for all fungal strains, except for Pe-PQ and Po-Sfco in comparison with C. There was a positive correlation (r2=0.21, P < 0.05) between CP and IVDMD. An equation was obtained to predict IVDMD [IVDMD=0.40578 + 358.38(%ADF)–358.02(%NDF)+358.17(%HEM)–0.3211(%DM), R2=0.32 (P < 0.05)]. In conclusion the mycelial invasion of white rot fungi on a CS-based substrate, increased CP content, decreased NDF and improved IVDMD, making it a viable option to increase the digestibility of CS.

scholarly journals PSXII-25 Characterization and evaluation of the in vitro dry matter digestibility of corn stover spent used to produce edible fungi

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 415-415
Author(s):  
Edgar García-Orozco ◽  
Gabriela Leyva-Olvera ◽  
Hermilo Leal-Lara ◽  
Atmir Romero-Pérez ◽  
Luis Corona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

Abstract Corn stover (CS) is an agricultural byproduct available in many countries for animal feed. However, due to its high lignin (L) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content it has a low digestibility. The production of edible fungi, using CS-based substrate, is an option to improve CS digestibility, as fungi can break down the cross-links between cell wall components. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of fungal treated CS from 17 species of white rot fungi: Lentinula edodes (L5, L9, LC,L15), Hericium sp (Heri) and Pleurotus djamour (Pd-Pro, Pd-UTMR) Pleurotus eryngii (Pe-PQ, Pe-MB), Pleurotus ostreatus (Po-IE202, Po-IAP, Po-Psma, Po-P14, Po-POS, Po-JP, Po-P38, Po-Sfco) on crude protein (CP), L and NDF content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). The composition of the substrate (C) was CS (80.55%), ground sorghum (5.98%) wheat bran (3.89%), corn gluten (4.89%), CaCO3 (3.89%) and CaSO4 (0.89%). The variables were analyzed as a completely randomized design using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Means were compared with the Tukey procedure. A significant increase (P < 0.05) of CP from 10% (Po-P38) to 69% (LC) was observed, except for Pd-UTMR, Po-IAP, Po-Psma, Po-P38 and Po-Sfco that showed similar content to the C. There was a decrease (P < 0.05) in the NDF from 10% (Heri) to 34% (L15) in relation to the C. The L content did not decrease in comparison with the C (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 13 treatments significantly increased (P < 0.05) IVDMD from 24% (Po-P14) to 42% (Pd-UTMR), except for Po-P38, Po-JP, LC and Heri in comparison with the C. In conclusion, the cultivation of white rot fungi, such as Pd-UTMR, Po-IAP, Po-Psma, LC, L9 and L15 using CS as substrate, improved CP content and increased IVDMD of CS, suggesting that which can be a good alternative for feeding ruminants.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and in-vitro digestibility of sugarcane bagasse and rice husk treated with three strains of white rot fungi and effective microorganism

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Regasa Begna ◽  
Mengistu Urge ◽  
Tegene Negesse ◽  
Getechewu Animut
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Biological Treatments ◽  
Effective Microorganism

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of biological treatments of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and rice husk (RH) with three strains of white-rot fungi (WRF) (Pleurotusostreatus (Po), Pleurotusflorida (Pf) and Trichodermaviride (Tv) and effective microorganism (EM) on the chemical composition and in-vitro digestibility. The experiment consisted of 2x5 factorial arrangements, two levels of feed (SCB and RH) and five levels of biological treatments (Control, Po, Pf, Tv, and EM).Treatment of RH with EM, Tv, Po and Pf, significantly increased crude protein content from 7.90% in untreated to 7.92, 10.46, 10.61 and 11.35%, respectively. The corresponding increase in CP% of sugarcane from 2.61% was 3.41, 5.96, 5.89 and 5.95%.Treatments significantly (P<0.001) decreased neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin cellulose and hemicelluloses contents with the lowest value recorded for Tv. The IVOMD, IVDMD and metabolizable energy (ME) were significantly (P<0.001) increased. In conclusion, the study indicates that treatment of RH with Trichodermaviride and SCB with EM is more effective than others in improving the nutritive value of the roughages. We suggest evaluation of the treated roughages on animal performance.

scholarly journals Influence of white-rot fungi on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of lignocellulosic agro-industrial residues

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (28) ◽  
pp. 2724-2732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braga Pereira Bento Cludia ◽  
Soares da Silva Juliana ◽  
Teixeira Rodrigues Marcelo ◽  
Catarina Megumi Kasuya Maria ◽  
Cuquetto Mantovani Hilrio
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Industrial Residues

The effect of three strains of Pleurotus on the in vitro dry matter digestibility and subsequent nutritive value of wheat straw to ruminant animals

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 137-137
Author(s):  
E. M. Hodgson ◽  
M. D. Hale ◽  
H. M. Omed
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Ruminant Animals

Straw constitutes a vast, valuable, and under utilised agricultural by-product, which has a great potential for utilisation as an animal feedstuff. However, due to the way in which it is constructed, the digestible sugars, cellulose and hemicelluloses, are tightly chemically bound by heavily lignified cell walls which provide the wheat plant stem with its strength and structure, but in doing so greatly inhibit the digestibility and nutritive value of the material to ruminant animals. Therefore, the utilisation of this resource as an animal feed can only be realised effectively, if the nutritional and digestibility values of the material can be improved by the innovation and successful application of an effective treatment method, be that physical, chemical or biological. Previously devised methods of upgrading the digestibility and nutritive value of forages, with the possible exception of urea treatment, have proven either insufficient, environmentally unsound, or economically infeasible to those concerned, particularly those in developing world. Therefore, there is a distinct need to develop techniques which can avoid these pitfalls and still yield the desired results in the context of animal nutrition. Previous research has indicated that members of the genus Pleurotus white rot fungi, have great potential for application in the biological upgrading of wheat straw. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate biological techniques, using 3 strains of Pleurotus fungi which may have the potential to be utilised in the biological upgrading of wheat straw.

scholarly journals Yield and nutritional value of BRS Capiaçu grass at different regrowth ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
Marco Aurélio Moraes Soares Costa ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueria ◽  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

The objective was to evaluate the productivity, chemical composition, ruminal degradability of dry matter and digestibility of BRS capiaçu grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) managed at five regrowth ages. A completely randomized design with ten replications was used in the BRS capiaçu elephant grass subjected to five cutting intervals (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days) in the summer, making a total of 50 plots with a useful area of 4 x 2 m. There were daily increases in the dry matter production in the order of 382 kg ha-1, with 49,859 kg ha-1 being produced at 150 regrowth days. The dry matter content and organic matter linearly increased (P < 0.01) at different regrowth ages. The crude protein content, in vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber linearly reduced (P < 0.01) 0.037%, 0.196% and 0.256% per day, respectively. Potential degradability of dry matter decreased from 68.9% at 30 days to 44.7% at 150 regrowth days (0.194 percentage units per day). The rate of degradation of fraction B 'c' was not modified (P = 0.94), averaging 1.46% hour-1. In the cultivation of BRS capiaçu elephant grass in the summer season, in the northern region of Minas Gerais, the age for harvesting between 90 and 120 days of regrowth is recommended.

scholarly journals Effect of Ligninolytic Axenic and Coculture White-Rot Fungi on Rice Straw Chemical and In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmond Datsomor ◽  
Zhao Gou-qi ◽  
Lin Miao
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the axenic culture of Pleurotus ostreatus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and the coculture (P. chrysosporium and P. ostreatus) for their potential to break down lignin and to enhance the rumen fermentability of rice straw. Rice straw was fermented by two lignin-degrading fungi, namely, P. ostreatus, P. chrysosporium, and coculture (P. ostreatus and P. chrysosporium) under solid-state fermentation (SSF). The coculture exhibited a mutual intermingling plus inhibition interaction. Coculture treated straw had a lower lignin content (5.26%) compared to P. chrysosporium axenic treated straw (6.18%), although P. ostreatus axenic treated straw was the lowest (3.27%). The polysaccharide content of coculture treated straw was higher than P. chrysosporium axenic treated straw, although smaller than P. ostreatus. P. ostreatus and coculture suitably delignified rice straw without adversely affecting cellulose. Treatment of rice straw with coculture improved in vitro dry matter digestibility (68.08%), total volatile fatty acids (35.27%), and total gas (57.4 ml/200 mg) compared to P. chrysosporium (45.09%, 32.24%, 44.39 ml/200 mg) but was second to P. ostreatus (75.34%, 38.31%, 65.60 ml/200 mg). The coculture via synergistic interaction has the potential to decompose lignin and improve the nutritive value of rice straw than P. chrysosporium.

scholarly journals Improving Ruminal Degradibility Of Oil Palm Fronds Using Enzyme Extracts From White Rot Fungi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fariz - Nicholas ◽  
H.A. - Hassim ◽  
A.F. - Nicholas ◽  
Marta - Lourenço ◽  
A.A - Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Palm Fronds

Abstract Background: Oil palm fronds (OPF) when pretreated with white rot fungi (WRF) shows increased rumen degradability but with significant biomass loss. Thus, effects of pre-treated OPF with enzyme extracts from WRF on rumen degradability were studied in vitro. The enzyme extracts were prepared by inoculating OPF with three WRF, i.e Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, Lentinula edodes and Ganoderma lucidum, for 15, 30 and 45 days with either ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4 and sodium nitrate, NaNO3 added to the culture media for each inoculation period. After preparation of enzyme extracts, the enzyme activities were determined. OPF was then pre-treated with enzyme extracts in a citrate buffer (pH 5.0) in a forced air oven at 40 oC during 5 days. Further, the in vitro rumen degradation of OPF pre-treated with enzyme extracts, with respect to the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, was determined after 24 h incubation. Activity of lignolytic (laccase and MnP), cellulolytic (CMCase and avicelase) and hemicellulolytic (xylanase) enzymes were measured in all of the extracts irrespective on the inoculation period. Results: Treatment of OPF with enzyme extracts from G. lucidum after 45 days of inoculation showed a numerical increase (13%) in total SCFA and apparently rumen degradable carbohydrates (ARDC) after 24 h in vitro incubation, without any loss of biomass. However, this increase was not clearly correlated to results of the enzyme assays. Conclusion: This study indicates pre-treatment of OPF with enzyme extracts from specific WRF to be promising to enhance the ruminal degradability of OPF without simultaneous loss of biomass.

Comparison of in vitro digestibility and chemical composition among sugarcane bagasses treated by four white-rot fungi

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanji OKANO ◽  
Yuko IIDA ◽  
Muhammad SAMSURI ◽  
Bambang PRASETYA ◽  
Tomoya USAGAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility

Effect of fungal treatment on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of wheat straw

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 166-166
Author(s):  
H. Fazaeli ◽  
A. Azizi ◽  
Z. A. M. Jelan ◽  
S. A. Mirhadi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
In Sacco Degradability ◽  
In Sacco

Fungal treatment has been recently considered as a promising method for improving the nutritive value of straw (Zadrazil et al., 1997). Several studies have been conducted to identify species of white-rot fungi for assessing their ability to improve the nutritive value of straw (Yamakamwa et al., 1992). Since there are many species of fungi in nature, there is an interest in characterising of some species. The objectives of this experiment were to study the effect of five Pleurotus fungi on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of wheat straw and evaluate their effect in upgrading the nutritive value of lignicellulosic materials.

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