scholarly journals 124 Polyclonal Antibody Preparations from Avian Origin Increased Fiber Digestibility of Beef Cattle Receiving a Backgrounding Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Tessa M Schulmeister ◽  
Federico Tarnonsky ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Mariana Eloisa Garcia-Ascolani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Fiber Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
To Receive

Abstract This study investigated the effects of feeding an avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40, 35, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on plasmatic haptoglobin and glucose concentrations (Exp. 1), and apparent total tract digestibility (Exp. 2) of beef cattle consuming a backgrounding diet. In Exp. 1, Angus crossbreed heifers and steers (n = 90; 373 ± 62 kg BW) were randomly assigned to receive a common ad libitum diet (76% TDN, 15.9% CP, DM basis) with the addition of 1 (PAP1), 3 (PAP3), or 0 g (CON) of PAP daily. Plasmatic concentrations of glucose and haptoglobin were measured on d 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56. In Exp. 2, 25 Angus crossbreed steers (390 ± 65 kg BW) were used in a completely randomized design. Steers were housed in 3 pens to receive the same diet and treatments from Exp. 1. Feed intake was measured using GrowSafe feed bunks, and indigestible neutral detergent fiber was used as the internal marker. In Exp. 1, a day effect was detected for plasmatic haptoglobin and glucose concentrations (P ≤ 0.04). In Exp. 2, no difference in DMI was observed (P = 0.88). Dry matter, organic matter, and acid detergent fiber digestibility in the total tract were reduced (P ≤ 0.05), whereas CP digestibility tended to decrease (P ≤ 0.07) in steers receiving PAP3 vs. CON and PAP1. Apparent total tract starch digestibility was increased (P ≤ 0.02) for PAP1 vs. PAP3. Neutral detergent fiber digestibility was greater (P < 0.01) for PAP1 vs. CON and PAP3. Feeding 1 g/d of a PAP against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides increased fiber digestibility in backgrounding diets; however, further research is needed to understand the impaired responses on nutrient digestibility when greater doses are provided.

scholarly journals 116 Polyclonal antibody preparations from avian origin improves growth performance of beef cattle during the first fourteen days of the backgrounding phase

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 51-51
Author(s):  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Tessa Schulmeister ◽  
Ana C G Luna ◽  
Gonzalo Barreneche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Orthogonal Contrasts ◽  
Avian Origin ◽  
Antibody Preparations

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40, 35, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on growth performance of beef cattle during the backgrounding phase. From d 0 to 56, Angus crossbreed heifers (n = 80; 360 ± 60 kg of BW; 470 ± 26 d of age) and steers (n = 20; 386 ± 65 kg of BW; 465 ± 30 d of age) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of 16 concrete-floored pens (108 m2), equipped with 2 GrowSafe (GrowSafe Systems Ltd., Airdrie, Alberta, Canada) feed bunks each. Animals received a common ad libitum diet (76% TDN, 15.9% CP, DM basis) with the addition of 1 (PAP1), 3 (PAP3), or 0 g (CON) of PAP per d. Feed intake was recorded daily and BW were obtained on d -1, 0, 14, 28, 42, 55, and 56, to assess changes in BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F. Based upon orthogonal contrasts (CON vs. PAP1, and PAP1 vs. PAP3), BW and ADG on d 14, and DMI from 0 to 28, and 0 to 42 were greater for PAP1 vs. CON (P ≤ 0.03), whereas PAP3 animals were intermediate (P ≥ 0.20). No differences in final BW, DMI, and ADG from d 0 to 56 were detected among treatments (P ≥ 0.22). In conclusion, feeding 1g of polyclonal antibody preparations against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides in a backgrounding diet, improved growth performance in the first 14 d of feeding suggesting that feeding these PAP for longer than 14 d may not be necessary. The effects on subsequent feedlot performance when using PAP should be evaluated in future studies

scholarly journals 20 Polyclonal antibody preparations from avian origin improves growth performance of beef cattle during the first fourteen days of the backgrounding phase

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Tessa Schulmeister ◽  
Ana C G Luna ◽  
Gonzalo Barreneche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Orthogonal Contrasts ◽  
Avian Origin ◽  
Antibody Preparations

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40, 35, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on growth performance of beef cattle during the backgrounding phase. From d 0 to 56, Angus crossbreed heifers (n = 80; 360 ± 60 kg of BW; 470 ± 26 d of age) and steers (n = 20; 386 ± 65 kg of BW; 465 ± 30 d of age) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of 16 concrete-floored pens (108 m2), equipped with 2 GrowSafe (GrowSafe Systems Ltd., Airdrie, Alberta, Canada) feed bunks each. Animals received a common ad libitum diet (76% TDN, 15.9% CP, DM basis) with the addition of 1 (PAP1), 3 (PAP3), or 0 g (CON) of PAP per d. Feed intake was recorded daily and BW were obtained on d -1, 0, 14, 28, 42, 55, and 56, to assess changes in BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F. Based upon orthogonal contrasts (CON vs. PAP1, and PAP1 vs. PAP3), BW and ADG on d 14, and DMI from 0 to 28, and 0 to 42 were greater for PAP1 vs. CON (P ≤ 0.03), whereas PAP3 animals were intermediate (P ≥ 0.20). No differences in final BW, DMI, and ADG from d 0 to 56 were detected among treatments (P ≥ 0.22). In conclusion, feeding 1g of polyclonal antibody preparations against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides in a backgrounding diet, improved growth performance in the first 14 d of feeding suggesting that feeding these PAP for longer than 14 d may not be necessary. The effects on subsequent feedlot performance when using PAP should be evaluated in future studies

scholarly journals Evaluation of liquid and powdered forms of polyclonal antibody preparation against Streptococcus bovis and Fusobacterium necrophorum in cattle adapted or not adapted to highly fermentable carbohydrate diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Eduardo Cuellar Orlandi Cassiano ◽  
Flavio Perna Junior ◽  
Tarley Araújo Barros ◽  
Carolina Tobias Marino ◽  
Rodrigo Dias Lauritano Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Rumen Acidosis

Objective: Feed additives that modify rumen fermentation can be used to prevent metabolic disturbances such as acidosis and optimize beef cattle production. The study evaluated the effects of liquid and powdered forms of polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP) against <i>Streptococcus bovis</i> and Fusobacterium necrophorum on rumen fermentation parameters in ruminally cannulated non-lactating dairy cows that were adapted or unadapted to a high concentrate diet.Methods: A double 3×3 Latin square design was used with three PAP treatments (control, powdered, and liquid PAP) and two adaptation protocols (adapted, unadapted; applied to the square). Adapted animals were transitioned for 2 weeks from an all-forage to an 80% concentrate diet, while unadapted animals were switched abruptly.Results: Interactions between sampling time and adaptation were observed; 12 h after feeding, the adapted group had lower ruminal pH and greater total short chain fatty acid concentrations than the unadapted group, while the opposite was observed after 24 h. Acetate:propionate ratio, molar proportion of butyrate and ammonia nitrogen concentration were generally greater in adapted than unadapted cattle up to 36 h after feeding. Adaptation promoted 3.5 times the number of <i>Entodinium</i> protozoa but copy numbers of <i>Streptococcus bovis</i> and Fibrobacter succinogens genes in rumen fluid were not affected. However, neither liquid nor powdered forms of PAP altered rumen acidosis variables in adapted or unadapted animals.Conclusion: Adaptation of cattle to highly fermentable carbohydrate diets promoted a more stable ruminal environment, but PAP was not effective in this study in which no animal experienced acute or sub-acute rumen acidosis.

scholarly journals 416 Polyclonal antibody preparations from avian origin increase mean ruminal pH and reduce rectal temperature of beef steers during transition from forage to high-grain diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 167-168
Author(s):  
Gleise M Silva ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Erick R S Santos ◽  
Tessa M Schulmeister ◽  
Carla D Sanford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Antibody Preparations

Abstract This study investigated the effects of feeding an avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40, 35, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on dry matter intake (DMI), mean ruminal pH (pH), and rectal temperature (RT) of beef steers during a 21-d step-up adaptation to a high-grain diet. Eight ruminally cannulated Angus crossbred beef steers (658 ± 79 kg of BW) were randomly assigned in a crossover design to be transitioned from a diet containing bermudagrass hay [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] ad libitum plus 0.45 kg/d of molasses with 0 (CON) or 3 g of PAP (PAP) to a high-grain diet. Transition consisted of three 7-d steps of increased inclusion of cracked corn (35, 60, and 80% of the diet DM for STEP1, STEP2, and STEP3, respectively). On each transition d and 7 d after STEP3 (STEP3-7d), ruminal pH and RT were measured every 3 h for 24 h and feed intake was recorded daily throughout the study using the GrowSafe feed intake monitoring system. Feed intake was not influenced by PAP on transition days (P ≥ 0.44) or during the wk each transition diet was offered (P ≥ 0.57). However, DMI linearly decreased, whereas RT increased from STEP1 to STEP3 (P &lt; 0.01). Steers receiving PAP in STEP2 had reduced RT (P = 0.05). Additionally, steers receiving PAP on STEP3 had greater ruminal pH (P = 0.03), nevertheless, pH was similar between treatments in STEP3-7d (P = 0.39). Feeding 3 g of polyclonal antibody preparations against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides in a 21-d step-up adaptation to high-grain diets may stabilize ruminal pH and reduce rectal temperature of beef steers. Future studies should characterize the effects of PAP on immune response to elucidate potential modes of action of these feed additives.

scholarly journals 123 Polyclonal antibody preparations from avian origin did not reduce plasmatic haptoglobin concentrations but increased ruminal NH3-N in beef steers during transition from forage to high-grain diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 54-54
Author(s):  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Tessa M Schulmeister ◽  
Erick Rodrigo Silva Santos ◽  
Carla Sanford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Avian Origin ◽  
Antibody Preparations

Abstract This study investigated the effects of feeding an avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40, 35, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on plasmatic haptoglobin, ruminal short chain fatty acids (SCFA), and ammonia-N (NH3-N) concentrations of beef steers during a 21-d step-up adaptation to a high-grain diet. Eight ruminally cannulated Angus crossbred beef steers (658 ± 79 kg BW) were randomly assigned to treatments in a crossover design to be transitioned from a diet containing bermudagrass hay [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] plus 0.45 kg/d of molasses with 0 (CON) or 3 g/d of PAP (PAP) to a high-grain diet. Transition consisted of three 7-d steps of increased inclusion of cracked corn (35, 60, and 80% diet DM for STEP1, STEP2, and STEP3, respectively). On each transition d and 7 d after STEP3 (STEP3-7d), ruminal fluid samples were obtained every 3 h for 24 h. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 1, and 3 relative to each transition for haptoglobin determinations. Haptoglobin plasmatic concentrations increased (P = 0.03) on d 2 and 3 vs. d 1 during STEP2 and on STEP3 compared to STEP1 and STEP2 (P = 0.01). Steers receiving PAP had greater (P &lt; 0.01) ruminal NH3-N concentration in STEP1; however, there were no effects of treatment on SCFA (P &gt; 0.10). Total SCFA concentrations were affected by the step-up diets (P &lt; 0.01); propionate concentration (Pro) was greater in STEP2 through STEP3-7d vs. STEP1 (P &lt; 0.01), whereas acetate concentration (Ac) and Ac:Pro linearly decreased from STEP1 to STEP3-7d (P &lt; 0.01). Feeding 3 g/d of polyclonal antibody preparations against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides in a 21-d step-up adaptation to high-grain diets did not affect plasmatic haptoglobin or ruminal SCFA concentrations; however, it increased ruminal NH3-3 concentrations.

scholarly journals Effects of source and concentration of neutral detergent fiber from roughage in beef cattle diets on feed intake, ingestive behavior, and ruminal kinetics

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo S Goulart ◽  
Ricardo A M Vieira ◽  
Joao L P Daniel ◽  
Rafael C Amaral ◽  
Vanessa P Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Residence Times

Abstract The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of source and concentration of α-amylase-treated neutral detergent fiber (aNDF) from roughage on feed intake, ingestive behavior, and ruminal kinetics in beef cattle receiving high-concentrate diets. Six ruminally cannulated Nellore steers (408 ± 12 kg of body weight) were randomly assigned to a 6 × 6 Latin square design with six diets: 10% aNDF from corn silage (10CS); 20% aNDF from corn silage (20CS); or four diets containing 10% aNDF from corn silage and 10% aNDF from one of the following sources: sugarcane (SC), sugarcane bagasse (SCB), soybean hulls (SH), or low oil cottonseed hulls (LOCH). The parameters of passage and degradation kinetics were estimated based on a two-compartmental model with gamma- and exponential-distributed residence times. The nonlinear models were fitted by nonlinear least squares, and a linear mixed-effects model was fitted to all variables measured from the Latin square design that were related to intake, digestibility, digestion kinetic parameters, and residence times. Mean particle size (MPS) between roughage sources (CS, SCB, and SC) and coproducts (SH and LOCH) was affected (P &lt; 0.05). Dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by 20CS, SC, SH, or LOCH. Steers fed 20CS or LOCH diets had 16% and 20% greater DMI, respectively, (P &lt; 0.05) than steers fed 10CS diet. Steers fed SCB consumed the least dry matter (DM). The SH and LOCH diets had lower MPS values (about 8.77 mm) in comparison to 20CS, SCB, and SC diets (about 13.08 mm) and, consequently, affected (P &lt; 0.05) rumen content, ruminal in situ disappearance, nutrient digestibility, and solid fractional passage rate. Chewing time was affected (P &lt; 0.05) by roughage sources and concentration. Lower values of distance travel inside the rumen (min/cm) were observed (P &lt; 0.05) for the SCB and SC diets in comparison with any other diet. Except for SCB, there was no difference (P &gt; 0.05) in rumen fill, among other treatments. Mean daily ruminal pH was not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by 20CS, SCB, SC, and LOCH diets, and it ranged from 6.1 to 6.23. Total short-chain fatty acids concentration was affected (P &lt; 0.05) by roughage source and concentration. Based on our results, we recommend that under Brazilian finishing diets, replacing roughage sources, except for SCB, based on aNDF concentration of the roughage in high-concentrate diets containing finely ground flint corn does not affect DMI.

Feeding either palm oil or sunflower oil on nutrient digestibility and blood metabolites in crossbred Thai native x Brahman bull

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wantanee Polviset ◽  
Nattiya Prakobsaeng
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Dietary Treatments

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of palm oil and sunflower oil supplementations on digestibility and blood metabolites in crossbred Thai native x brahman bulls fed on TMR used rice straw as a roughage source. Four, 2 year old crossbred Thai native x Brahman bulls were randomly assigned in a 2x2 factorial in 4 x 4 latin square design. Each period of feeding lasted for 21 days to receive four dietary treatments; 3% palm oil, 6% palm oil, 3% sunflower oil and 6% sunflower oil. All animals were fed with TMR ad-libitum. It was found that supplementation of palm oil and sunflower oil had no effect on digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and crude protein (CP). Supplementation resulted in significant (P<0.05) lower acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility when feeding with palm oil on the other hand feeding beef cattle with 6% from palm oil and sunflower oil were higher Ether extract (EE) digestibility than 3% from twice oils (P<0.05). Blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein were not significant different among treatments. Based on this study, supplementing TMR sunflower oil in diets was suitable in beef cattle without any effect ruminal digestibility and blood metabolites.

Forage intake and nutrient digestibility of tropical grasses with or without supplementation of the two fermented organic wastes

1969 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 57-73
Author(s):  
Abner A. Rodríguez ◽  
Félix J. León-Álamo
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Fermented Fish ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Forage Intake ◽  
Sorghum Silage

Three experiments were conducted with adult rams to determine the intake and in vivo digestibility of the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of native tropical grass hay (NTGH) and sorghum silage (SS) with or without supplementation of fermented wastes from a tilapia fish processing plant (FWTP) and fermented sludge from a tuna processing plant (FSTP). In the first metabolic trial, the two forages were compared without supplementation. Four adult native rams were assigned to treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD). Higher forage intake (P < 0.05) was observed in rams fed with NTGH than with SS. Apparent nutrient digestibility was also higher for NTGH than for SS, but these differences were not statistically significant. In the second and third metabolic trials, the effect of supplementation with FWTP and FSTP, respectively, at levels of 30% of expected DM consumption based on live weight, to basal diets of NTGH and SS, was evaluated. In both experiments, eight native rams were assigned to treatments in a CRD. The rams supplemented with both fermented fish by-products had higher (P < 0.05) DM and CP intakes than animals without supplementation, but a greater response was observed in those consuming NTGH rather than SS. Both supplements also tended to improve DM, CP and NDF digestibility in SS diets, whereas with NTGH diets supplements improved CP digestibility, and FSTP increased DM digestibility. The only negative effect observed in this diet was the decrease in the digestibility of NDF when supplemented with FSTP.

scholarly journals Effect of Cassava by Product on Performance and Cost of C Giant Land Snail (Archachatina marginata) Production

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kehinde, Abiodun Solomon ◽  
Babatunde, Taiye Oluwasola ◽  
Kehinde, Olujide Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fiber Fractions ◽  
Cassava Peel

The present study was aimed to determine the effect of Cassava by Product on Performance and Cost of c Giant land Snail (Archachatina marginata) Production. A twelve-week feeding trial was conducted with (n=225 growing snails) with an average weight of 88.95+ 8.10 g to access their growth response and nutrients digestibility. The snails were fed pawpaw leaf meal (PLM), cassava leaf meal (CLM), cassava peel meal (CPM), cassava sieviate meal (CSM) and cassava chaff meal (CCM) in a complete randomized design at 45 snails per treatment of five treatments, while each treatment was replicated three times. The proximate and fiber fractions of the feedstuffs were also determined and data were analyzed using ANOVA. The proximate evaluation showed highest crude protein in PLM (31.35%) and least in CSM (2.34%). The highest crude fiber was obtained for CPM (16.21%) and least in CCM (3.98%) CSM had the highest NFE (87.41%). Highest neutral detergent fiber (NDF) 59.33%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) 34.24%, acid detergent lignin (ADL) (9.18%), cellulose (25.59%) and hemicelluloses 25.06% was obtained for PLM. Outstanding (PL< 0.05%) weekly weight gain, weekly feed intake, nutrient digestibility and carcass yield were obtained in snails on PLM and CLM followed by CPM. Snails utilized Cassava by-product without any adverse effect.

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