Forage intake and nutrient digestibility of tropical grasses with or without supplementation of the two fermented organic wastes

1969 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 57-73
Author(s):  
Abner A. Rodríguez ◽  
Félix J. León-Álamo
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Fermented Fish ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Forage Intake ◽  
Sorghum Silage

Three experiments were conducted with adult rams to determine the intake and in vivo digestibility of the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of native tropical grass hay (NTGH) and sorghum silage (SS) with or without supplementation of fermented wastes from a tilapia fish processing plant (FWTP) and fermented sludge from a tuna processing plant (FSTP). In the first metabolic trial, the two forages were compared without supplementation. Four adult native rams were assigned to treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD). Higher forage intake (P < 0.05) was observed in rams fed with NTGH than with SS. Apparent nutrient digestibility was also higher for NTGH than for SS, but these differences were not statistically significant. In the second and third metabolic trials, the effect of supplementation with FWTP and FSTP, respectively, at levels of 30% of expected DM consumption based on live weight, to basal diets of NTGH and SS, was evaluated. In both experiments, eight native rams were assigned to treatments in a CRD. The rams supplemented with both fermented fish by-products had higher (P < 0.05) DM and CP intakes than animals without supplementation, but a greater response was observed in those consuming NTGH rather than SS. Both supplements also tended to improve DM, CP and NDF digestibility in SS diets, whereas with NTGH diets supplements improved CP digestibility, and FSTP increased DM digestibility. The only negative effect observed in this diet was the decrease in the digestibility of NDF when supplemented with FSTP.

scholarly journals Digestibility of diets with passion fruit by-product estimated through external and internal markers in dairy heifers

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e50241
Author(s):  
Mércia Regina Pereira de Figueiredo ◽  
Eloisa de Oliveira Simões Saliba ◽  
Geraldo Sérgio Carneiro Barbosa ◽  
Juliana Cristina Nogueira Colodo ◽  
Rebeca Agnes Almança ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Fecal Output ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Internal Markers

This study examined the influence of the external markers chromium oxide (CO), titanium dioxide (TD), isolated, purified and enriched lignin (LIPE®) and isolated, purified, enriched lignin in nanoparticles (NANOLIPE®) as well as the internal markers indigestible dry matter (iDM), indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) and indigestible acid detergent fiber (iADF) in diets with inclusion of passion fruit by-product for dairy heifers on the estimation of fecal output and nutrient digestibility. Sixteen Holstein × Zebu crossbred heifers at an average live weight of 363 ± 28 kg were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design where they received diets in which Tifton 85 (Cynodon sp.) hay was replaced with passion fruit by-product (0, 12, 24 and 36%, as-fed basis). The CO, LIPE®, NANOLIPE® and iNDF markers did not differ from the total collection method (p > 0.05) in the estimation of fecal output and nutrient digestibility. The TD and iDM markers overestimated, while iADF underestimated fecal output. Under the presented conditions, we recommend using the CO, LIPE®, NANOLIPE® and iNDF markers to estimate fecal output and nutrient digestibility in diets with inclusion of passion fruit by-product for dairy heifers.

scholarly journals Effects of three slow-release urea inclusions in rice straw-based diets on yearling Bali bull performances

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 752-757
Author(s):  
D. Kardaya ◽  
K.G. Wiryawan ◽  
A. Parakkasi ◽  
H.M. Winugroho
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Slow Release Urea

The effects of slow-release zinc-urea complexes (ZnU), urea-impregnated zeolite (UZ) and zinc-ureaimpregnated zeolite (ZnUZ) on the performance of yearling Bali bulls were assessed using 20 Bali bulls (145.3 ± 2.5 kg bodyweight (BW)), which were allocated to five treatments and four replications in a completely randomized design. The treatments were: Diets supplemented with no urea (NU) and with urea (U), ZnU, UZ and ZnUZ. The results of the in vivo study revealed that both ZnU and UZ might replace urea effectively by increasing feed intake. Moreover, substituting urea with ZnU, UZ or ZnUZ increased crude protein total tract apparent digestibility whereas ZnU or UZ replacing urea, improved fibre total tract apparent digestibility. Furthermore, inclusion of UZ in the diet improved live weight gain and feed efficiency in Bali bulls above that of the U and NU diets. Thus, the inclusion of ZnUZ in rice straw-based diets showed slow-release urea had positive impacts on feed intake and nutrient digestibility, and increased the efficiency of feed utilization in Bali bulls.Keywords: Apparent digestibility, feed intake, urea-impregnated zeolite, zinc

scholarly journals Effects of concentrate mixture level on nutrient digestibility, growth, production and reproduction performance of Jamunapari goat under semi intensive condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Nusrat Zahan Shoshe ◽  
Md Abdullah Al Mahmud ◽  
Piash Kumer Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Reproduction Performance ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Growth Production

Twenty female Jamunapari goats of live weight of 10.5 ± 1.2 kg at 08± 0.56 months of age were used for 240 days feeding trial. Goats were assigned to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with five (05) goats in each group. All animals were supplied ad libitum green grass and water. They were supplied 150, 200, 250, 300 gm concentrate mixture per day with roughage for group T1, T2, T3, and T4 respectively. Total dry matter (TDM) intake (413.2, 456.67, 489.2 and 495.7g/day) in groups T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, was significantly (p≤0.01) influenced by the level of concentrate in the diet. Average total digestible crude protein (DCP) intake (3.1, 3.5, 3.9, 4.0 g/kg body weight and average total digestible nutrient (TDN) intake 21.1, 22.3, 24.7, 25.1 g/kg body weight was significantly (p≤0.01) higher in group T4 and lower in group T1. The nutrient intake and digestibility were also significantly higher (p≤0.01) in T4 group. The percent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE) and nitrogen free extract (NFE) were 70.1, 75.99, 73.50, 67.24, 62.13 and 49.60%, 73.14, 76.97,76.84, 68.32, 64.04 and 53.25%, 75.45,78.44,78.67,70.43,68.43 and 59.77%, 79.56, 80.16,81.69,72.45,70.82 and 63.09% in T1, T2, T3 and T4 group, respectively. Reproductive performances, birth weight of kids and litter size did not differ significantly between groups, but had significant effect on feed digestibility and milk production. Daily 300 gm concentrate mixture along with roughage is necessary for better growth, production and reproduction performance of Jamunapari doe in semi-intensive system. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(2): 223-230, August 2021

scholarly journals Performance and metabolic profiles of confined Ile de France lambs fed soybean grains in natura

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e295996877
Author(s):  
Giovani Ogliari ◽  
Julcemar Dias Kessler ◽  
José Franscisco Manta Bragança ◽  
Anderson Elias Bianchi ◽  
Aline Zampar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Whole Grain

Soybeans in natura can be used in the feed of confined animals as a source of protein and energy. We measured consumption, performance, in vivo biometry, and metabolic profiles lambs fed whole grain soybean in natura. We used Ile de France breed lambs, weaned and confined in a completely randomized design with six repetitions and three treatments: Control, soybean grain (SG) 6.25%, and SG 14% (based on dry matter) in feed. The control and SG 6.25% groups showed higher average daily gain (0.296 kg/day) and total weight gain (17.57 kg) than did the SG 14% group. There were no differences among groups in terms of consumption of dry matter, protein, neutral detergent fiber, acidic detergent fiber, or feed conversion. The inclusion of soybean grain was associated with linear increases in consumption of ethereal extract, and in percentage of live weight. There were no differences among groups in terms of concentrations of studied metabolites. Regarding in vivo biometrics, the control treatment and SG 6.25% groups were superior in terms of conformation and body conditions. Inclusion of soybean whole grain in natura in the feed of confined lambs may be reduced consumption of dry matter and average daily weight gain.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo nutrient digestibility in sheep of rations with and without residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4507
Author(s):  
Luiz Juliano Valério Geron ◽  
Fabiana Gomes da Costa ◽  
Silvia Cristina de Aguiar ◽  
Jocilaine Garcia ◽  
Matheus Gonçalves Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Ph Values

<p>This study evaluated the digestibility of nutrients by, and parameters associated with, <em>in vitro </em>fermentation using different inocula (sheep ruminal fluid and feces) as well as the <em>in vivo </em>digestibility in sheep that were fed rations with 50% concentrate containing either no (0%) residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp (RETP) or 15% RETP. To determine the <em>in vitro </em>digestibility (<em>IV</em>D) of nutrients, two sheep, weighing 40.38 ± 2.10 kg, were used as inoculum donors. To determine the <em>in vivo </em>digestibility of nutrients, we used four sheep and a 3×2 factorial experimental design, with three methods of digestion of nutrients and two experimental rations (0% and 15% RETP). The variables were subjected to analysis of variance and the variables that showed differences at 5% probability were further analyzed using the Tukey test at 5% significance. The <em>IV</em>D using different inocula did not significantly differ (p&gt;0.05) from the <em>in vivo </em>digestibility in sheep for dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The different methods for determining nutrient digestibility did not affect (p&gt;0.05) the digestibility of DM, OM, crude protein (CP), NDF, and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in rations with 0% and 15% RETP. However, the <em>IV</em>D of CP for rations containing 0% and 15% RETP incubated with both inocula was lower (p&lt;0.05) than the CP digestibility <em>in vivo</em>. The <em>in vivo </em>digestibility of ADF for rations containing 0% and 15% RETP was higher (P&lt;0.05) than the <em>IV</em>D using sheep ruminal fluid and feces as inocula. The pH values and concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) after <em>in vitro </em>incubation for 24 h and the <em>in vivo </em>assay were not different (p&gt;0.05) for the rations containing 0% and 15% RETP, but the pH and NH3-N of both fermented and rumen contents differed (p&lt;0.05) depending on the inocula used and the <em>in vivo </em>assay. In summary, the digestibility of DM, OM, and NDF can be determined by the <em>in vitro </em>fermentation method using the ruminal fluid or feces of sheep as inocula in rations containing 0% or 15% RETP. However, <em>in vitro </em>fermentation is not a suitable method for the determination of pH and NH3-N concentration.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Cassava by Product on Performance and Cost of C Giant Land Snail (Archachatina marginata) Production

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kehinde, Abiodun Solomon ◽  
Babatunde, Taiye Oluwasola ◽  
Kehinde, Olujide Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Acid Detergent Lignin ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fiber Fractions ◽  
Cassava Peel

The present study was aimed to determine the effect of Cassava by Product on Performance and Cost of c Giant land Snail (Archachatina marginata) Production. A twelve-week feeding trial was conducted with (n=225 growing snails) with an average weight of 88.95+ 8.10 g to access their growth response and nutrients digestibility. The snails were fed pawpaw leaf meal (PLM), cassava leaf meal (CLM), cassava peel meal (CPM), cassava sieviate meal (CSM) and cassava chaff meal (CCM) in a complete randomized design at 45 snails per treatment of five treatments, while each treatment was replicated three times. The proximate and fiber fractions of the feedstuffs were also determined and data were analyzed using ANOVA. The proximate evaluation showed highest crude protein in PLM (31.35%) and least in CSM (2.34%). The highest crude fiber was obtained for CPM (16.21%) and least in CCM (3.98%) CSM had the highest NFE (87.41%). Highest neutral detergent fiber (NDF) 59.33%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) 34.24%, acid detergent lignin (ADL) (9.18%), cellulose (25.59%) and hemicelluloses 25.06% was obtained for PLM. Outstanding (PL< 0.05%) weekly weight gain, weekly feed intake, nutrient digestibility and carcass yield were obtained in snails on PLM and CLM followed by CPM. Snails utilized Cassava by-product without any adverse effect.

Effects of rolling and alkali treatment of barley grain supplements on forage intake and utilization by steers and lactating cows

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sriskandarajah ◽  
A. Ashwood ◽  
R. C. Kellaway
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Forage Intake

SUMMARYIn Expt 1, lactating dairy cows grazing kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum) were given no supplement (C), supplements of rolled barley grain at 4 (4R) and 6 (6R) kg/day and supplements of NaOH-treated whole barley grain at 4 (4A) and 6 (6A) kg/day. Daily production of milk (kg/day), fat and protein (g/day) and live-weight changes (g/day) respectively were C 7·82, 303, 276, 450; 4R 9·26, 338, 315, 865; 4A 10·23, 366, 349, 529; 6R 10·09, 352, 343, 672; 6A 10·61, 363, 348, 361.Milk production was significantly higher (P < 0·05) and live-weight gain significantly lower (P < 0·05) on NaOH-treated grain than on rolled grain.In Expt 2, yearling steers in pens were fed pasture hay ad libitum with no supplement (C) and 3 kg/day of barley grain which was either rolled (3R) or NaOH-treated whole grain (3A). Mean intakes of hay (g/day) and DOMD in vivo (%) respectively were C 7684, 60; 3R 5224, 65; 3A 6209, 60.Hay intake was significantly higher (P < 0·05) on NaOH-treated grain than on rolled grain.Fractional disappearance rates of rolled and NaOH-treated grain from nylon bags suspended in the rumen were, respectively, 0·15 and 0–07/h for the period 0–4 h, and 0·07 and 0·02/h for the period 4–12 h incubation. In Expt 2, rumen pH was higher and the digestion rate of hay in nylon bags in vivo was higher on C than on 3R and 3A. Volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in the rumen did not differ significantly between diets.It was concluded that greater milk production and hay intakes when cattle were fed NaOH-treated whole barley than when they were fed rolled barley were attributable to the slower rate of digestion of the former. The NaOH treatment (30 g NaOH/kg grain) was probably too low and further study is necessary to determine optimum levels of treatment, which are likely to vary with the ratio of grain: forage in the diet.

scholarly journals 204 Effects of sorghum silage kernel processing on intake and apparent total tract digestibility of beef heifers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 153-154
Author(s):  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Sergio Roskopf ◽  
Leandro Abdelhadi ◽  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Federico Tarnonsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Respective Treatment ◽  
Sorghum Silage ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Angus Heifers

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of different kernel processors in terms of nutrient digestibility of whole-plant sorghum silage. Grain sorghum (hybrid ADV1250IG, Advanta Seeds, Irving, TX) was harvested at the hard-dough stage with a Class Jaguar 960 and 930 harvesters, switching the kernel processor to generate the forage material for the three treatments: conventionally processed (CONV), unprocessed (UN), and shredlage processed (SHRED). The material was bagged in three 2.7 m bags and allowed to ferment for 1 mo. Twenty-four black Angus heifers (13 ± 1 mo, 267 ± 10.9 kg of BW) were randomly assigned to treatments (8 heifers/treatment) and allocated to individual pens (36 m2) with access to feed and water. Diets were ad libitum sorghum silage from each respective treatment, plus soybean meal top-dressed at 0.5% of BW. After a 15-d adaptation period, feed and feces were collected for 5 d. Feed was offered once daily, and orts were collected the following day. Fecal samples were collected twice daily and apparent total tract digestibility was determined using indigestible NDF as a marker. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design using heifer as the experimental unit, and initial BW as a covariate. Dry matter (DM) intake as a percentage of BW (P = 0.09) and NDF digestibility (P = 0.06) tended to differ among treatments, where CONV tended to be lesser than UN (P = 0.08), whereas SHRED was intermediate. Digestibility of DM was affected by treatment (P = 0.05), where UN (71.3%) tended (P = 0.06) to be greater than CONV (67.9%), while SHRED (70.8%) did not differ from any of the treatments (P ≥ 0.12). In conclusion, kernel processing affects nutrient digestibility of sorghum silage. Differences in ruminal kinetics and fermentation parameters, resulting from contrasting particle sizes, grain processing and sorting, may help explain these findings.

scholarly journals 124 Polyclonal Antibody Preparations from Avian Origin Increased Fiber Digestibility of Beef Cattle Receiving a Backgrounding Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Gleise Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Tessa M Schulmeister ◽  
Federico Tarnonsky ◽  
Federico Podversich ◽  
Mariana Eloisa Garcia-Ascolani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Fusobacterium Necrophorum ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Streptococcus Bovis ◽  
Antibody Preparation ◽  
Fiber Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
To Receive

Abstract This study investigated the effects of feeding an avian-derived polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP; CAMAS, Inc.) against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides (40, 35, and 25% of the preparation, respectively) on plasmatic haptoglobin and glucose concentrations (Exp. 1), and apparent total tract digestibility (Exp. 2) of beef cattle consuming a backgrounding diet. In Exp. 1, Angus crossbreed heifers and steers (n = 90; 373 ± 62 kg BW) were randomly assigned to receive a common ad libitum diet (76% TDN, 15.9% CP, DM basis) with the addition of 1 (PAP1), 3 (PAP3), or 0 g (CON) of PAP daily. Plasmatic concentrations of glucose and haptoglobin were measured on d 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56. In Exp. 2, 25 Angus crossbreed steers (390 ± 65 kg BW) were used in a completely randomized design. Steers were housed in 3 pens to receive the same diet and treatments from Exp. 1. Feed intake was measured using GrowSafe feed bunks, and indigestible neutral detergent fiber was used as the internal marker. In Exp. 1, a day effect was detected for plasmatic haptoglobin and glucose concentrations (P ≤ 0.04). In Exp. 2, no difference in DMI was observed (P = 0.88). Dry matter, organic matter, and acid detergent fiber digestibility in the total tract were reduced (P ≤ 0.05), whereas CP digestibility tended to decrease (P ≤ 0.07) in steers receiving PAP3 vs. CON and PAP1. Apparent total tract starch digestibility was increased (P ≤ 0.02) for PAP1 vs. PAP3. Neutral detergent fiber digestibility was greater (P &lt; 0.01) for PAP1 vs. CON and PAP3. Feeding 1 g/d of a PAP against Streptococcus bovis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, and lipopolysaccharides increased fiber digestibility in backgrounding diets; however, further research is needed to understand the impaired responses on nutrient digestibility when greater doses are provided.

scholarly journals KECERNAAN RANSUM SAPI BALI DENGAN KONSENTRAT FERMENTASI BERBASIS LUMPUR SAWIT DAN BAHAN PAKAN LOKAL

AGROINTEK ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Irma Badarina ◽  
Jarmuji Jarmuji ◽  
Dodi Permadi Gultom
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Oil Sludge ◽  
Coffee Husk ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The aim of this research was to evaluate the dry matter and organic matter<br />digestibility in vivo of Bali cattle diet that supplemented with fermented concentrate ration based from palm oil sludge and several local feed sources. Fifteen Bali cattles with 2 years old and the range of live weight 184,5±3,63 kg were distributed into three treatments and five replication in Completely Randomized design. The treatment was the level of concentrate supplementation, They were P1 (10kg/day), P2(7,5kg/day) and P3(5kg/day). The forage and the rice straw were adjusted as much as 10 kg/day and 1 kg/day, respectively. The composition of fermented concentrate consisted of palm oil sludge (70%), rice bran (10%), coffee husk (10% ) and coconut press fiber (10%). As bioactivator used”Bionak”as much as 0,3%. The an aerob fermentation took time a week. The result showed that up to the highest level (10kg/day) the supplementation of fermented concentrate ration enhanced the consumption and the digestibility of the whole rations.

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