A Biodegradable Formulation of MCH (3-Methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one) for Protecting Pseudotsuga menziesii from Dendroctonus pseudotsugae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Colonization

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1858-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel G Foote ◽  
Christopher J Fettig ◽  
Darrell W Ross ◽  
Justin B Runyon ◽  
Tom W Coleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antiaggregation Pheromone ◽  
Individual Trees

Abstract Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, trees and stands can be protected from Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins (DFB)-caused mortality by application of synthetic formulations of the beetle’s antiaggregation pheromone, 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH). A biodegradable formulation of MCH, SPLAT MCH, was developed and evaluated for protecting individual Douglas-fir trees and small stands from colonization and mortality by DFB. In an individual-tree experiment in Idaho, both MCH bubble capsules and SPLAT MCH significantly reduced the proportion of treated trees colonized and killed by DFB compared to untreated controls. SPLAT MCH was as effective as MCH bubble capsules for protecting individual trees. Both MCH bubble capsules and SPLAT MCH significantly reduced the proportion of trees colonized and killed by DFB within 0.04-ha circular plots surrounding each treated tree compared to untreated controls. In 0.41 ha stands in New Mexico, both MCH bubble capsules and SPLAT MCH significantly reduced the proportion of trees colonized and killed by DFB compared to untreated controls, again with no differences observed between MCH treatments. In a similar stand level trial in Idaho, neither MCH treatment significantly reduced the proportion of trees colonized by DFB, and only MCH bubble capsules significantly reduced levels of tree mortality compared to untreated controls, but no significant difference was observed between SPLAT MCH and MCH bubble capsules. Overall, the results indicate that SPLAT MCH is as effective as MCH bubble capsules for protecting individual trees and small stands of Douglas-fir from DFB-caused mortality.

Dendroctonus pseudotsugae. [Distribution map].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins Coleoptera: Scolytidae Hosts: Mainly Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), also other Pseudotsuga spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Mexico, USA, Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wyoming.

EFFICACY OF AN ANTIAGGREGATION PHEROMONE FOR REDUCING DOUGLAS-FIR BEETLE, DENDROCTONUS PSEUDOTSUGAE HOPKINS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE), INFESTATION IN HIGH RISK STANDS

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrell W. Ross ◽  
Gary E. Daterman
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Capsule Formulation ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Antiaggregation Pheromone

AbstractThe Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae) antiaggregation pheromone, 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH), was applied to stands at high risk for infestation. The MCH was applied in a bubble capsule formulation to plots ranging from 2.1 to 2.6 ha in size at rates of 45–76 g/ha. Catches of Douglas-fir beetles in attractant-baited Lindgren funnel traps located at the plot centers were significantly lower on MCH-treated plots compared with untreated plots. In contrast, catches of the most abundant predator, Thanasimus undatulus (Say), were unaffected by the MCH treatment. The percentage of Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] trees ≥20 cm dbh that were mass attacked was significantly lower on treated plots (0.2%) compared with untreated plots (8.5%). MCH alone was effective in reducing the probability of Douglas-fir beetle infestations occurring in high risk stands.

3-Methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one and the Douglas-fir beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): history of successful bark beetle pheromone treatments

2020 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
Darrell W. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Successful Management ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antiaggregation Pheromone

AbstractThis paper reviews the literature on the identification of 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH) as the antiaggregation pheromone of the Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and the development of successful management applications using the pheromone. Previously unpublished data from two studies on novel uses of MCH are included. The successful development of antiaggregation pheromone-based treatments for the Douglas-fir beetle is discussed in relation to efforts to develop similar treatments for other bark beetle species, and opportunities for future research on MCH and the Douglas-fir beetle are suggested.

scholarly journals Survival of the Douglas-Fir Beetle in Peeled and Unpeeled Logs and in Stumps

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry L. Shore ◽  
William G. Riel ◽  
Les Safranyik ◽  
Julie Castonguay
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Significant Mortality

Abstract The Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins) can cause significant mortality to mature Douglas-fir trees (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) during epidemics. Treatment methods are required to reduce local beetle populations to less-damaging levels. We conducted a study to compare the effect on beetle survival of peeling bark from infested logs at two times of year. By Aug., all beetles in bark from logs peeled in July were dead compared with 155.2 beetles/m2 bark in unpeeled logs. In bark from logs peeled at the end of Aug. and left over winter, there were 3.4 beetles/m2 of bark surface compared with 62.3/m2 in unpeeled logs. It was concluded that peeling logs reduces beetle populations, particularly if done early in the summer. We also examined beetle survival in stumps over winter and found that a mean of 70.4 beetles/stump, or 125.6/m2 of stump surface survived winter. It is estimated that it would take beetles emerging from 24 stumps to kill a tree. West. J. Appl. For. 20(3):149–153.

Black Bears Prefer Urea-Fertilized Trees

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Ursus Americanus ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Mount Hood ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Feeding damage by black bears (Ursus americanus) to urea-fertilized 25-yr-old Douglas-firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in the Mount Hood National Forest, Oregon, resulted in tree mortality four times as severe as among unfertilized trees. Damage was most apparent following application of urea at 448 kg N/ha in 1972, and 224 kg N/ha in 1977. Only Douglas-fir, the dominant species in the stand, was attacked. Attacked trees were somewhat larger than the stand average, but the difference was not significant. Bears appeared to be attracted to the more vigorous trees, which were on fertilized plots. West. J. Appl. For. 4(1):13-15, January 1989.

scholarly journals Predicting postfire Douglas-fir beetle attacks and tree mortality in the northern Rocky Mountains

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1058-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Hood ◽  
Barbara Bentz
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Northern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Crown Volume ◽  
Crown Scorch ◽  
Predicted Probability ◽  
Attack Trees ◽  
Stand Density Index

Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) were monitored for 4 years following three wildfires. Logistic regression analyses were used to develop models predicting the probability of attack by Douglas-fir beetle ( Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins, 1905) and the probability of Douglas-fir mortality within 4 years following fire. Percent crown volume scorched (crown scorch), cambium injury, diameter at breast height (DBH), and stand density index for Douglas-fir were most important for predicting Douglas-fir beetle attacks. A nonlinear relationship between crown scorch and cambium injury was observed, suggesting that beetles did not preferentially attack trees with both maximum crown scorch and cambium injury, but rather at some intermediate level. Beetles were attracted to trees with high levels of crown scorch, but not cambium injury, 1 and 2 years following fire. Crown scorch, cambium injury, DBH, and presence/absence of beetle attack were the most important variables for predicting postfire Douglas-fir mortality. As DBH increased, the predicted probability of mortality decreased for unattacked trees but increased for attacked trees. Field sampling suggested that ocular estimates of bark char may not be a reliable predictor of cambium injury. Our results emphasize the important role of Douglas-fir beetle in tree mortality patterns following fire, and the models offer improved prediction of Douglas-fir mortality for use in areas with or without Douglas-fir beetle populations.

PINE OIL PROTECTS LIVING TREES FROM ATTACK BY THREE BARK BEETLE SPECIES, DENDROCTONUS SPP. (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Nijholt ◽  
L. H. McMullen ◽  
L. Safranyik
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Pine Oil ◽  
Spruce Beetle ◽  
Pine Beetle

AbstractPine oil, a by-product of sulphate wood pulping, protected pheromone-baited, living Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.), and spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss - P. engelmannii Parry hybrids) from attack by Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopk.), mountain pine beetle (D. ponderosa Hopk.), and spruce beetle (D. rufipennis (Kirby)), respectively. Pine oil also protected surrounding trees and reduced attack incidence on Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, and spruce within at least a 10 m radius. α-Terpineol, one of the constituents of the pine oil mixture, was less effective.

scholarly journals Douglas Fir Seed Sources Tested for Christmas Trees in Connecticut

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
R.A. Jaynes ◽  
G.R. Stephens ◽  
J.F. Ahrens
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Christmas Tree ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Christmas Trees ◽  
Adelges Cooleyi ◽  
Geographic Sources ◽  
Southern Rocky Mountain

Douglas fir, Pseudotsuga Menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, is a popular Christmas tree in the Northeast. In 1976 trees from 11 geographic sources ranging from British Columbia to southern Arizona and New Mexico were planted in a replicated design and managed as a commercial plantation. Information was also obtained on 10 seed sources grown on a commercial tree farm. All sources were hardy in the Connecticut plantings. In general, trees from southern Rocky Mountain sources were bluer, and grew faster than those from northern sources, but they were also more susceptible to attack by Cooley gall aphid, Adelges cooleyi (Gill), and rhabdocline needle cast fungus, Rhabdocline pseudotsugae (Syd.)

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SEVERAL VARIABLES ON THE SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF SECOND-GROWTH DOUGLAS FIR

1952 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Wellwood
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Thinning Operation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
The University

Second-growth stands of mixed Douglas fir and western hemlock produce wood that varies considerably in quality, expressed as specific gravity, depending upon the factors of position in the stem, crown class and site index. Data were obtained from sample Douglas fir trees removed in a thinning operation on the University Research Forest, Haney, British Columbia. Samples represent three levels in the stem (stump, one-third total height and merchantable top), three major crown classes (Dominant, Codominant and Intermediate) and site indices from 93 to 160.It was determined that wood at the base of the tree was more dense than at the higher levels, although this difference failed to show significance for the better sites. Considering the differences, at the same levels, between trees of the three crown classes, Dominants had significantly lower values of specific gravity than either the Codominants or the Intermediates. No significant differences occurred between the latter two classes. When the variable of site is tested, it is found that the "Good" sites have significantly lower specific gravities than do the "Average" sites, for comparable sections. The interaction between site and crown class reveals that the differences above hold for the mean of all sites, and for "Average" sites, but that on "Good" sites no significant difference exists between any of the crown classes.In managing second-growth stands of this nature the forester should keep in mind the variation in specific gravity that will occur. He can regulate rate of growth of individual trees and of stands, within limits, so as to produce wood of the desired quality.

Douglas-fir beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) response to single-point-source 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH) releasers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Darrell W. Ross ◽  
Brian T. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Release Device ◽  
Airborne Concentration ◽  
Aggregation Attractant ◽  
Antiaggregation Pheromone ◽  
M 12 ◽  
Trap Catches

Abstract The Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) antiaggregation pheromone, 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH), has been used since 2000 to protect high-value trees and stands throughout western North America. Operational treatments involve placing individual releasers on a 12 m × 12 m grid throughout the area to be protected. In this study, six widely spaced trap lines were established with aggregation attractant–baited traps located 1, 3, 9, 27, and 81 m from a location where an operational MCH release device was alternately either present or absent, and changes in catches caused by the MCH device were assessed at all distances. Trap catches were suppressed by about 70% at one and three metres, by 50% at nine metres, by 30% at 27 m, and not at all at 81 m. Inhibition by the MCH device varied with distance (m) from the source according to the function 0.79 − 0.092x0.51 (R 2 = 0.986). Decline of attractant inhibition with distance from the MCH device was much less steep than would have been expected if catch inhibition had varied directly with the average airborne concentration of MCH.

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