scholarly journals Changes in Morphometric Traits of Ground Beetles Along Urbanization Gradients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Papp ◽  
Szabolcs Mizser ◽  
Leila Nagy ◽  
Andreas Vidic ◽  
Edina Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Labial Palpus ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Abax Parallelepipedus ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
Urbanization Gradients

Abstract Urbanization has a significant impact on abiotic and biotic factors in nature. We examined the morphometric characters of four carabid species (Abax parallelepipedus, Carabus scheidleri, Carabus violaceus, and Pterostichus oblongopunctatus) along urbanization gradients in and around the cities of Vienna (Austria) and Debrecen (Hungary). We found significant differences among urban, suburban, and rural areas in the parameters of antennomers, the maxillary palpus, the labial palpus, and the length of the tibia and the elytra of the carabids studied. We also found significant differences between males and females based on the parameters of antennomers, the maxillary palpus, the labial palpus, the femur, and the elytra. An interaction between urbanization and sex was found in the case of antennomers, the maxillary palpus, the labial palpus, the femur, and the elytra. Our findings suggested that in the cases of species from Carabini tribus the parameters of antennomers, the maxillary palpus, and the elytra could be useful for assessing the effects of urbanization because these morphometric characters responded sensitively to the environmental stress, whereas the most useful parameters are those of antennomers and the tibia for the species of Pterostichini tribus. Our findings also revealed that females are more sensitive to environmental stress than males.

Size-At-Age Variability and Sexual Dimorphism of Morphometric Characteristics in the Late Ontogenesis of the Marsh Frog, Pelophylax Ridibundus (Anura, Ranidae), from Terrytory of Crimea

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
V. N. Peskov ◽  
N. A. Petrenko ◽  
V. Yu. Reminnyi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Marsh Frog ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Size At Age ◽  
Linear Body

Abstract We study size-at-age and sexual variability of morphometric characteristics of the marsh frog. According to the size of the body, males were divided into three size-age groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus), females — into four groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus, adultus-I). We found that the chronological age of frogs (skeletochronology) does not always correspond to their biological age (size and proportions of the body). We noted that the semi-adult males are reliably larger than females by mean values of 26 studied morphometric characters. Males and females of “adultus” group do not differ by linear body size, significant differences were found in body proportions (7 characters). For the females of “adultus-I” group, the mean values of 26 characters are significantly larger than for “adultus” males. The results of our study showed that with the age of the marsh frog, the level of exhibition, directionality and structure of morphometric sex differences changes.

Morphometric variability in round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Perciformes: Gobiidae) from the Sea of Azov

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A. Diripasko ◽  
T.A. Zabroda
Keyword(s):  
Round Goby ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Neogobius Melanostomus ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Size Variability ◽  
Males And Females

A total of 38 morphometric characters of the round goby Neogobius melanostomus melanostomus (Pallas, 1814) were studied in its native range in the Sea of Azov. The aim was to assess joint effect of sexual dimorphism and size variability on overall variability within groups of samples (populations) using appropriate methods of traditional statistical analysis (one-dimensional and multivariate statistics). Sex and size-dependent variability was studied based on model samples of males and females of different size. Most of the studied morphometric characters of round goby from the Sea of Azov demonstrated statistically significant sex- and size-dependent in-group variability. The pattern of the variability suggests that, for a comparison of round goby from different sea regions and between populations, separate samples of males and females within the range 9–13 cm SL should be examined in order to minimise the effect of the size and sex factors. The approach of searching for the most informative size range could be useful not only for further studies of infraspecific variation but for comparisons between morphologically close gobiin species.

scholarly journals Inequalities in life expectancy by place of residence and its changes in Lithuania during 1990-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sauliune ◽  
O Mesceriakova-Veliuliene ◽  
R Kalediene
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
National Mortality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Introduction Health inequalities have emerged as a big issue of public health in Lithuania. Recent studies have demonstrated increasing mortality differentials between different socio-demographic groups of the population. Urban/rural place of residence is related with a set of socio-economic characteristics, different access to material resources, presence or absence of social support, and attitudes to health-related behavior. The aim of the study To determine inequalities in life expectancy and its changes by place of residence (urban/rural) in Lithuania during 1990-2018. Methods Information on deaths and population numbers for the period of 1990-2018 was obtained from National Mortality Register and Population Register. Life expectancy for males and females of urban and rural populations was calculated using life tables. Changes in the magnitude of life expectancy inequalities by place of residence were assessed using rate differences (urban-rural); while trends in inequalities were estimated by conducting the Joinpoint regression analysis. Results Life expectancy among males and females was longer in urban compared to rural areas throughout the entire study period. Life expectancy increased statistically significantly for urban and rural males and females with the most notable increase for males, especially those living in rural areas (on average by 0.4% per year from 64.1 years in 1990 to 70.05 years in 2018). Inequalities in life expectancy by place of residence decreased statistically significantly among Lithuanian males from 3.48 years in 1990 to 1.39 years in 2018, while among females only the tendency of decrease was estimated. Conclusions Inequalities in life expectancy of males and females by place of residence decreased significantly in Lithuania throughout the period of 1990-2018, mainly due to positive changes in life expectancy among rural males. Key messages Inequalities in life expectancy of males and females by place of residence decreased significantly in Lithuania throughout the period of 1990-2018. Life expectancy increased for Lithuanian urban and rural males and females with the most notable increase for males, especially those living in rural areas.

scholarly journals Morphometric characters and their relationship in estuarine catfish

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Begum ◽  
Abdullah Al-Mamun ◽  
ML Islam ◽  
MJ Alam
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Length Standard ◽  
Eye Diameter ◽  
Males And Females

The morphometric observations were made on total length, standard length, pre-caudal length, head length, eye diameter and depth of body at pectoral fin base of estuarine catfish M. gulio. Males and females showed homogeneity in characters. A linear relationship was found between total length and morphometric characters. Regression of length and weight did not deviate significantly from cube law indicating isometric growth. The fish exhibited sexual dimorphism. Keywords: Morphometric characters; Estuarine catfish; Mystus gulio DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v6i2.4833 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6(2): 349-353, 2008

scholarly journals Biogeomorphic feedbacks and the ecosystem engineering of recently deglaciated terrain

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah R Miller ◽  
Stuart N Lane
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Ecosystem Engineer ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Ecosystem Engineering ◽  
Soil Development ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Successional Stage ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors

Matthews’ 1992 geoecological model of vegetation succession within glacial forefields describes how following deglaciation the landscape evolves over time as the result of both biotic and abiotic factors, with the importance of each depending on the level of environmental stress within the system. We focus in this paper on how new understandings of abiotic factors and the potential for biogeomorphic feedbacks between abiotic and biotic factors makes further development of this model important. Disturbance and water dynamics are two abiotic factors that have been shown to create stress gradients that can drive early ecosystem succession. The subsequent establishment of microbial communities and vegetation can then result in biogeomorphic feedbacks via ecosystem engineering that influence the role of disturbance and water dynamics within the system. Microbes can act as ecosystem engineers by supplying nutrients (via remineralization of organic matter and nitrogen fixation), enhancing soil development, either decreasing (encouraging weathering) or increasing (binding sediment grains) geomorphic stability, and helping retain soil moisture. Vegetation can act as an ecosystem engineer by fixing nitrogen, enhancing soil development, modifying microbial community structure, creating seed banks, and increasing geomorphic stability. The feedbacks between vegetation and water dynamics in glacial forefields are still poorly studied. We propose a synthesized model of ecosystem succession within glacial forefields that combines Matthews’ initial geoecological model and Corenblit's model to illustrate how gradients in environmental stress combined with successional time drive the balance between abiotic and biotic factors and ultimately determine the successional stage and potential for biogeomorphic feedbacks.

Mobile Phone Usage and Its Socio-Economic Impacts in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
pp. 112-127
Author(s):  
Sadia Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Sindh Province ◽  
The Social ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Mobile Phone Usage ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Mobile Use

Through examining use of mobile in Pakistan's Sindh province, the current chapter presents a unique and interesting case of the socio-economic impacts of mobile use on users' lifestyles. Although there exists an obvious divide between urban and rural areas in terms of impacts of mobile use, the case of Pakistan could serve as an alert to scholars that why mobile use remains limited in narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas against a backdrop of mobile being widely believed to be able to play a big role in narrowing the social and economic gap between urban and rural areas. The author of this chapter found that mobile use was also gender-biased in rural areas, resulting in a gap between males and females as far as social and economic impacts of mobile use on their lifestyles.

scholarly journals A NEW SPECIES OF MACROCENTRUS FROM NOVA SCOTIA (HYMENOP.)

1933 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-26
Author(s):  
Derrill M. Daniel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Flagellar Segment ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
Apical Segment ◽  
Labial Palpus ◽  
Antennal Flagellum ◽  
Median Ocellus ◽  
A New Species

Female.—Length 7 mm. Head very little wider than thorax, cheeks, viewed from the side, broader than the temples; face much broader than long, shallowly sparsely punctate; eyes large, prominent; malar space about as long as basal width of mandible; clypeus convex, much less than twice as broad as long, the anterior margin truncate; distance from clypeal foveae to eyes about equal to length of clypeus; lateral ocelli not distinctly larger than median ocellus; longest segment of maxillary palpus distinctly shorter than second segment of antennal flagellum; apical segment of labial palpus much longer than preceding segment; antennae of the type broken, seven segments of flagellum present; first flagellar segment about as long as height of eyes.

New Genera and Species of Pyralidae (Lepidoptera)

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 359-371
Author(s):  
Eugene Munroe
Keyword(s):  
Outer Surface ◽  
Hind Wing ◽  
Outer Margin ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Entire Space ◽  
Labial Palpus ◽  
Margin Entire ◽  
Basal Angle ◽  
Inner Surface

Frons and scape rosy pink; vertex yellowish buff; labial palpus on outer surface rosy pink, on inner surface yellowish buff; maxillary palpus yellowish buff; antenna of male very narrowly bipectinate, light buff; thorax and abdomen above rosy pink with some buff scales; body beneath whitish buff; legs light yellowish buff. Forewing above light yellowish buff; costa broadly pink in basal third; sparse fuscous dusting in basal angle; traces of a fuscous discocellular bar; a fuscous postmedial line, concave outward opposite cell, convex and wavy from M2, to Cu2, then retracted nearly to base of Cu2, then wavy and oblique inward to inner margin; entire space beyond postmedial line deep rosy pink except for a narrow yellow crescent on outer margin in front of tornus; fringe yellow. Hind wing above yellowish buff; a small fuscous sub-basal patch; a fuscous postmedial line, excurved to Cu1, then broken, irregular and obsolescent; space beyond postmedial line rosy pink from apex to Cu1. Markings of under surface like those of upper surface, but pink areas replaced by violaceous grey. Expanse 19 mm.

scholarly journals Study of the length of the mouthparts of Africanized, Caucasian and Africanized/Caucasian honey bee crosses, and relationships between glossa size and food gathering behavior

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Maria Izabel Barnez Pignata ◽  
Antonio Carlos Stort ◽  
Osmar Malaspina
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
Labial Palpus ◽  
Mahalanobis Distances ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Africanized Bees

The lengths of the mouthparts of bees, the glossa, paraglossa, stipes, galea, labial palpus, maxillary palpus, cardo, lorum, mentum and prementum, were studied in Caucasian and Africanized bees and in their F1 descendants. Only the lengths of the paraglossa, stipe, galea, mentum, prementum and maxillary palpus differed significantly between these two bee types. These six variables were studied in the F1 descendants of two types of crosses, i.e., Caucasian queens x Africanized males (cross 1) and Africanized queens x Caucasian males (cross 2). Multidimensional analyses were also performed and the generalized Mahalanobis distances (D2) between the F1 descendants and the parental lines were determined. There was an apparent dominance of Africanized bees in both unidimensional and multidimensional analyses. Correlation analysis showed that bees with longer glossae collected more food (sugar syrup) and flew more slowly from the colony to the food source.

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