scholarly journals Dietary Intake of Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine, a Major Advanced Glycation End Product, is Not Associated with Increased Risk of Mortality in Japanese Adults in the Takayama Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (10) ◽  
pp. 2799-2805
Author(s):  
Chisato Nagata ◽  
Keiko Wada ◽  
Michiyo Yamakawa ◽  
Yuma Nakashima ◽  
Sachi Koda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Carboxymethyl Lysine

ABSTRACT Background Although endogenous advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in the development of various chronic diseases, whether AGEs in foods represent a risk to human health remains unknown. Objectives We aimed to estimate the intake of Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), a major AGE product, using a database of CML contents on LC-MS methods, and to examine CML's association with total and cause-specific mortality in Japanese adults. Methods The analysis included 13,355 men and 15,724 women, aged 35 years and older, from the Takayama study. They responded to a self-administered questionnaire in 1992. Their diet, including the CML intake, was assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire at baseline. Mortality was ascertained during 16 years of follow-up. HRs and 95% CIs for mortality were estimated separately for men and women according to CMI quartiles. Results We noted 2901 deaths in men and 2438 deaths in women during the follow-up. In men, as compared with the lowest quartile of intake, the highest quartile of CML was inversely associated with the risks of both total and non-cancer, non–cardiovascular disease mortality after controlling for covariates [HR = 0.89 (95% CI, 0.79–1.00; P-trend = 0.047) and HR = 0.74 (95% CI, 0.58–0.94; P-trend = 0.03), respectively]. However, stratified analyses showed both inverse and positive associations between CML intake and cause-specific mortality in women, depending on their characteristics. For example, years of education had a modifying effect on both the CML intake and non-cancer, non–cardiovascular disease mortality in women. In men, the associations of CML intake with mortality depended on food sources. Conclusions Overall, the present study does not support a positive association between CML intake and mortality in Japanese adults. The potential relevance of the food source of CML to the link between dietary CML and mortality warrants further attention.

scholarly journals Association of engagement in cultural activities with cause-specific mortality determined through an eight-year follow up: The HUNT Study, Norway

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248332
Author(s):  
Bente I. Løkken ◽  
Dafna Merom ◽  
Erik R. Sund ◽  
Steinar Krokstad ◽  
Vegar Rangul
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Reduced Risk ◽  
Related Mortality

Participation in cultural activities may protect against cause-specific mortality; however, there is limited knowledge regarding this association. The present study examines the association between participation in a range of receptive and creative cultural activities and risk of cardiovascular disease- and cancer-related mortality. We also examined whether participation in such activities and influence by gender have on this association. We followed 35,902 participants of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3) of Cardiovascular-Disease and Cancer Mortality from 2006–08 to 2016. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to estimate the risk of specific mortality based on baseline cultural participation. During the eight-year follow-up, there were 563 cardiovascular-disease- and 752 cancer-related deaths among the sample (292,416 person years). Risk of cardiovascular-disease mortality was higher among non-participants in associations/club meetings (22%) and outdoor activities (23%), respectively, as well as non-attendees of art exhibitions (28%). People who engaged in music, singing, and theatre had a 27% reduced risk of cancer-related mortality when compared to non-participants. Among women, participating in associations/club meetings reduced the risk of cardiovascular-disease mortality by 36%. Men who participated in music, singing, and theatre had a 33% reduced risk of cancer mortality. Overall, a reduced risk of cardiovascular-disease mortality was associated with engaging in creative activities on weekly basis to less than twice per week. For both genders, participating in creative activities less than once a week reduced cardiovascular-disease mortality risk by 40% and 33%, respectively. For the overall sample, participating > 2 times per week in combined receptive and creative activities reduced cancer-related mortality by 29%. Participating frequently in both receptive and creative activities cultural activities was associated with lower risks of CVD and cancer-related mortality. Our data suggest that, to counteract the public health burden of cardiovascular disease- and cancer mortality, policies and initiatives to increase citizens’ participation in cultural activities should be considered.

scholarly journals Cognitive Function and Mortality: Results from Kaunas HAPIEE Study 2006–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2397
Author(s):  
Abdonas Tamosiunas ◽  
Laura Sapranaviciute-Zabazlajeva ◽  
Dalia Luksiene ◽  
Dalia Virviciute ◽  
Martin Bobak
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the association between cognitive function and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality during 10 years of the follow-up. Methods: 7087 participants were assessed in the baseline survey of the Health Alcohol Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study in 2006–2008. During 10 years of follow-up, all-cause and CVD mortality risk were evaluated. Results: During 10 years of follow-up, 768 (23%) men and 403 (11%) women died (239 and 107 from CVD). After adjustment for sociodemographic, biological, lifestyle factors, and illnesses, a decrease per 1 standard deviation in different cognitive function scores increased risk for all-cause mortality (by 13%–24% in men, and 17%–33% in women) and CVD mortality (by 19%–32% in men, and 69%–91% in women). Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause and CVD mortality, according to tertiles of cognitive function, revealed that the lowest cognitive function (1st tertile) predicts shorter survival compared to second and third tertiles (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this follow-up study suggest that older participants with lower cognitive functions have an increased risk for all-cause and CVD mortality compared to older participants with a higher level of cognitive function.

scholarly journals A population-based study of cardiovascular disease mortality risk in US cancer patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (48) ◽  
pp. 3889-3897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M Sturgeon ◽  
Lei Deng ◽  
Shirley M Bluethmann ◽  
Shouhao Zhou ◽  
Daniel M Trifiletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Aims This observational study characterized cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risk for multiple cancer sites, with respect to the following: (i) continuous calendar year, (ii) age at diagnosis, and (iii) follow-up time after diagnosis. Methods and results The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program was used to compare the US general population to 3 234 256 US cancer survivors (1973–2012). Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated using coded cause of death from CVDs (heart disease, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and aortic aneurysm/dissection). Analyses were adjusted by age, race, and sex. Among 28 cancer types, 1 228 328 patients (38.0%) died from cancer and 365 689 patients (11.3%) died from CVDs. Among CVDs, 76.3% of deaths were due to heart disease. In eight cancer sites, CVD mortality risk surpassed index-cancer mortality risk in at least one calendar year. Cardiovascular disease mortality risk was highest in survivors diagnosed at &lt;35 years of age. Further, CVD mortality risk is highest (SMR 3.93, 95% confidence interval 3.89–3.97) within the first year after cancer diagnosis, and CVD mortality risk remains elevated throughout follow-up compared to the general population. Conclusion The majority of deaths from CVD occur in patients diagnosed with breast, prostate, or bladder cancer. We observed that from the point of cancer diagnosis forward into survivorship cancer patients (all sites) are at elevated risk of dying from CVDs compared to the general US population. In endometrial cancer, the first year after diagnosis poses a very high risk of dying from CVDs, supporting early involvement of cardiologists in such patients.

scholarly journals Food Insecurity Is Associated With Cardiovascular and All‐Cause Mortality Among Adults in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangbo Sun ◽  
Buyun Liu ◽  
Shuang Rong ◽  
Yang Du ◽  
Guifeng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Us

Background Food insecurity is a global leading public health challenge that affects not only developing countries but also developed countries, including the United States. About 50 million Americans are food insecure. In this study we examined the associations of the adult food insecurity with all‐cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in a nationally representative sample of US adults. Methods and Results We included 27 188 US adults (age ≥40 years of age) who participated in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2014. Food insecurity status was assessed using the Food Security Survey Module developed by the US Department of Agriculture. Mortality from all causes and cardovascular disease was ascertained through data linkage to the National Death Index through December 31, 2015. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression with sampling weights to estimate hazard ratios ( HR s) and 95% CIs of all‐cause and cardiovascular disease mortality, according to food security status. During 205 389 person‐years of the period, 5039 deaths occurred, including 1084 cardiovascular disease deaths. After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, and dietary and lifestyle factors, participants with very low food security had higher risk of all‐cause and cardiovascular disease mortality, with multivariable‐adjusted HR s of 1.32 (95% CI , 1.07–1.62), and 1.53 (95% CI, 1.04–2.26), respectively, compared with those with high food security. Conclusions Food insecurity is significantly associated with increased risk of excess death from cardiovascular disease and all causes in US adults.

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