scholarly journals Relationship Between Riparian Buffers and Terrestrial Wildlife in the Eastern United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela L Larsen-Gray ◽  
Craig Loehle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Riparian Buffers ◽  
Riparian Buffer ◽  
Dispersal Ability ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Associated Species

Abstract When working forest stands are harvested, vegetated strips along streams are often retained as part of forestry best management practices (BMPs) to protect water quality. These riparian buffers, known as streamside management zones, when following forestry BMP recommendations, also likely provide benefits to various terrestrial wildlife species. To better understand the role of riparian buffers in contributing to biological diversity in working forest landscapes, we reviewed literature (n = 30) that reported on herpetofauna, bird, and mammal responses to riparian buffers in the eastern United States. Although few results were consistent among taxa, community composition commonly varied among riparian buffer widths. Narrower riparian buffers more commonly supported edge and disturbance-associated species whereas wider riparian buffers tended to support interior-associated species. We did not find a consistent width that supported all terrestrial wildlife species studied. Study Implications: Based on our findings, it may be most efficacious to use varying riparian buffer widths across a landscape to provide structural conditions for a diversity of wildlife species. Some interior species may be best conserved on older managed stands or other retained areas in the landscape rather than riparian buffers. Landscape context and functionality of riparian buffers as movement corridors need to be further investigated, as this is an assumed but not quantified indirect benefit for various terrestrial wildlife species and perhaps especially important for species with low vagility or low dispersal ability that require older forest or riparian areas.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of forestry best management practices in the United States: Literature review

2016 ◽  
Vol 360 ◽  
pp. 133-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Cristan ◽  
W. Michael Aust ◽  
M. Chad Bolding ◽  
Scott M. Barrett ◽  
John F. Munsell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Best Management ◽  
United States Literature

scholarly journals Management Considerations for Wheat Production in Florida

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Wright ◽  
Ann R. Blount ◽  
Ron D. Barnett ◽  
Cheryl L. Mackowiak ◽  
Nicholas Dufault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
High Yields

Higher wheat prices created the impetus for growing wheat in the southeastern United States. Since increasing amounts of corn have been diverted to ethanol production, there is a shortage of grain for America’s livestock industry. This shortage results in higher wheat and soybean prices. Wheat and soybean have been grown together as a double crop throughout the Southeast for many years, which generally increases profitability compared with growing only one of the crops. Planting wheat followed by cotton, peanut or grain sorghum has also become a common practice. The best management practices for high yields of wheat in the Southeast Coastal Plain are well established. This 3-page fact sheet lists production practices for small grains in Florida. Written by D.L. Wright, A.R. Blount, R.D. Barnett, C.L. Mackowiak, N. Dufault, and J. Marois, and published by the UF Department of Agronomy, October 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ag293

Comparative Susceptibility of Plants Native to the Appalachian Range of the United States to Inoculation with Phytophthora ramorum

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Linderman ◽  
Patricia B. de Sá ◽  
E. Anne Davis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Phytophthora Ramorum ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Comparative Susceptibility ◽  
Climatic Characteristics ◽  
Inoculum Type

Phytophthora ramorum, cause of sudden oak death of trees or ramorum blight of other plant species, has an ever-increasing host range. Some geographic regions are considered to be at high risk of becoming infested with the pathogen, possibly causing plant mortality such as seen in native habitats of California and Oregon. One such region is the Appalachian range of the eastern United States, where known susceptible plants occur and climatic characteristics appear favorable for infections by this pathogen. We collected foliage of a range of plant species native to Appalachia in Kentucky during two summer seasons, and the foliage was shipped to Oregon for inoculation with P. ramorum to determine relative susceptibility. Leaves were needle-wounded and inoculated with either mycelium agar plugs or sporangia of a North American (A2 mating type) or European (A1 mating type) isolate. After 14 days incubation at 20°C in moist boxes, lesions caused by either inoculum type or isolate generally were comparable using digital photos and ASSESS software. Some genera, species, and cultivars within species were highly susceptible, while others were moderately susceptible or not susceptible. These results provide a basis for regional surveyors to select target hosts and to generate survey and management practices for nursery and forest areas. Accepted for publication 24 April 2007. Published 17 September 2007.

scholarly journals Threats to Oaks in the Eastern United States: Perceptions and Expectations of Experts

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
Anna O Conrad ◽  
Ellen V Crocker ◽  
Xiaoshu Li ◽  
William R Thomas ◽  
Thomas O Ochuodho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
The Future ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Perceptions And Expectations

Abstract Oaks (Quercus spp.) are keystone species in many ecosystems and are ecologically as well as economically valuable. The objective of this study was to gather and evaluate information from a diverse group of oak experts on current and future biotic and abiotic threats to oaks in the eastern United States. Using a Delphi survey method with three iterative surveys, we found that oak decline and climate change were identified as critical current and future threats, respectively, in this region. Focusing on climate change, experts were asked a series of questions to assess its potential future temporal and spatial impact on oaks. With respect to climate change, the majority of experts surveyed believe climate change will manifest gradually, although they were generally uncertain about the geographical distribution of climate change in the future, i.e., the areas where oaks are likely to be impacted by climate change in the future. New/emerging pests and pathogens were seen as the most critical future threat by the third survey round. Results from this study can be used to better inform management practices and research priorities for ensuring resilient oak resources for the future.

COMPARING SWEDISH OIL SPILL PREPAREDNESS TO REGIONAL COUNTRIES USING THE RETOS™ EVALUATION TOOL

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Jonas Pålsson ◽  
Lawrence Hildebrand ◽  
Olof Lindén
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Full Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
The Baltic

ABSTRACT 2017-253 Few standardised frameworks are designed to assess the full range of oil spill preparedness activities, from plan development, implementation, equipment, training, exercises, and response sustainability. This paper analyses the international practice of oil spill preparedness measures and compares them to Swedish practice. Friedman’s test and Dunn’s post-test have been used to compare the RETOS™ evaluation scores of Finland, Russia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Germany, Denmark, and Norway to Sweden. The United States is examined as an external reference. The RETOS™ programme is an Excel tool developed for the International Oil Spill Conference 2008. It is a guide for industry and governments to assess their level of oil spill response, planning, and preparedness management in relation to established criteria, and is intended for international best management practices. Swedish oil spill preparedness is shown to be comparable to the Baltic Sea regional practice. The Swedish RETOS™ evaluation score is 69%, compared to the average 73.1% of the examined countries. A statistical difference exists between Sweden and both Norway and the United States. Swedish oil spill preparedness is comparable to the Baltic Sea Region countries despite: not having a National Contingency Plan, not using the Tiered Preparedness and Response concept, nor having adopted an Incident Management System. This suggests that these concepts are not essential for a functioning preparedness regime, although Sweden instead has a system serving the same function. However, it also questions what effect implementing these concepts would have on Swedish preparedness.

scholarly journals Managing Phosphorus Loss from Agroecosystems of the Midwestern United States: A Review

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Gurbir Singh ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur ◽  
Karl Williard ◽  
Jon Schoonover ◽  
Kelly A. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Soil Matrix ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Midwestern United States ◽  
P Loss

Best management practices (BMPs) are site-specific and their implementation, long-term management, and maintenance are important for successful reduction of phosphorus (P) loss into headwater streams. This paper reviews published research on managing P loss from agricultural cropping systems in the Midwestern United States and classified the available research based on BMPs and their efficacy in reducing P loss. This review paper also identifies the areas where additional research could provide insight for managing P losses. Our literature review shows that cover crops, reduced tillage, saturated buffers, and constructed wetlands are the most evaluated areas of current research. However, additional research is necessary on the site-specific area to measure the effectiveness of BMPs in managing P loss. The BMPs that serve as a sink of P need further evaluation in long-term field-scale trials. Studies evaluating adsorption and desorption mechanisms of P in surface and subsurface soils with materials or amendments that bind P in the soil are needed. The time required and pathways, where the flush of available P is lost or fixed in the soil matrix, need further investigation. Measured P loss from BMPs like bioreactors and saturated buffers supplemented with P adsorption materials or filters need to be simulated with models for their prediction and validation. Field evaluations of P index and critical source area concepts should be investigated for identifying problematic areas in the watersheds. Identification of overlapping areas of high P source and transport can help in strategic planning and layout, thereby resulting in reducing the cost of implementing BMPs at field and watershed scales.

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