scholarly journals Update from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Sean T O’Leary ◽  
Yvonne A Maldonado ◽  
David W Kimberlin
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Research ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Adult Immunization ◽  
Health Experts

Abstract The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a group of medical and public health experts, meets 3 times per year to develop recommendations for vaccine use in the United States. There are usually 15 voting members; members’ terms are for 4 years. ACIP members and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention staff discuss the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine research, effectiveness, safety data, and results from clinical trials. Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics (Y. A. M., D. W. K.) and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (S. T. O.) are present as liaisons to the ACIP. The ACIP met on 23–24 October 2019 to discuss pertussis vaccines, the child/adolescent and adult immunization schedule, influenza vaccine effectiveness and safety, Ebola vaccine, orthopoxvirus vaccines, Dengue vaccine, rabies vaccine, measles, and vaccine safety update.

Update From the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-500
Author(s):  
Sean T O’leary ◽  
Yvonne A Maldonado ◽  
David W Kimberlin
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Research ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Clinical Trial Results ◽  
Health Experts

Abstract The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a group of medical and public health experts, meets 3 times per year to develop recommendations for vaccine use in the United States. There usually are 15 voting members, but at the June 2019 meeting, only 14 were present; each member’s term is 4 years. ACIP members and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) staff discuss the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine research, effectiveness, safety data, and clinical trial results. Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) (Y. A. M. and D. W. K.) and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (S. T. O.) are present as liaisons to the ACIP. The ACIP met on June 26 to 27, 2019, to discuss the use of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in adults, pneumococcal vaccines in adults, measles updates, zoster vaccine, influenza vaccines, hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccines, meningococcal vaccines, and dengue vaccine.

Update From the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean T O’Leary ◽  
Yvonne A Maldonado ◽  
David W Kimberlin
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Clinical Trial Results ◽  
Papillomavirus Vaccine

Abstract The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a group of medical and public health experts, meets 3 times per year to develop recommendations for vaccine use in the United States. The group usually has 15 voting members, each of whom is appointed to a 4-year term. ACIP members and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention staff discuss the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine research, effectiveness, safety data, and clinical trial results. Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics (Y. A. M. and D. W. K.) and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (S. T. O.) are present as liaisons to the ACIP. The ACIP met February 27 to 28, 2019, to discuss hepatitis A (HepA) vaccination of human immunodeficiency virus–infected persons, pneumococcal vaccination among adults aged 65 years or older, influenza vaccine effectiveness and safety, anthrax vaccination in the setting of a mass exposure, human papillomavirus vaccine, zoster vaccines, and Japanese encephalitis vaccine.

scholarly journals Update From the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean T O′Leary ◽  
Yvonne A Maldonado ◽  
David W Kimberlin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Health Experts

Abstract The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a group of medical and public health experts, normally meets 3 times per year to develop recommendations for vaccine use in the United States. Because of the severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, there are several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines currently in late-stage clinical trials, so the ACIP is now meeting monthly for single day meetings, with plans to continue standard 2- to 3-day meetings as per usual (February, June, and October). Emergency meetings of ACIP may occur if a vaccine candidate receives an Emergency Use Authorization from the food and drug administration (FDA). This Update provides a combined summary of the August 26 and September 22, 2020, meetings, both of which focused completely on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. The representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics (Y. A. M. and D. W. K.) and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (S. T. O.) are present as liaisons to the ACIP.

Pediatric Infectious Diarrhea and Dehydration

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Martel ◽  
Scott McCorvey
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Volume Depletion ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Outpatient Visits ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Health Organization

Diarrhea is a common emergency department (ED) complaint, leading to more than 1.5 million outpatient visits and 200,000 hospital admissions in the United States alone. Although concomitant dehydration also exists in some cases, there are no standard clinical criteria to aid in identifying those children who merit intravenous resuscitation. Current pediatric volume repletion guidelines are based primarily on the estimated degree of volume depletion per the World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and American Academy of Pediatrics criteria. These practice guidelines stratify patients into mild (3 to 5% volume depletion), moderate (5 to 10% volume depletion), and severe (> 10% volume depletion).  This review contains 5 figures, 9 tables, and 64 references. Key Words: Clostridium difficile, dehydration, diarrhea, gastroenteritis, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, pediatrics

Varicella Vaccine

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
STANLEY A. PLOTKIN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Varicella Vaccine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
First Report ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics

The development and licensing of a vaccine for varicella in the United States has taken an incredible length of time. From the first report by Takahashi et al in 1974 until final American licensure in 1995, extensive studies were conducted by many investigators. Despite this long gestation period, which could have produced an elephant, there is some danger that the result will be a mouse, in that use of the vaccine since licensure has been far from universal. Recommendations by the American Academy of Pediatrics' Red Book Commitee and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (statement in preparation, June 1995) may change that picture, but judging from conversations I have had, many American pediatricians have reservations concerning the varicella vaccine.

“What shots do I need?”

HIV ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
Giorgos Hadjivassiliou ◽  
Edgar T. Overton
Keyword(s):  
Varicella Vaccine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell Counts ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Cd4 Cell

This chapter reviews the current recommendations for adult persons living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States regarding vaccine-preventable diseases. In clinical practice, PLWH should be offered annual influenza vaccine; a combination of tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccine; depending on previous vaccination, pneumococcal vaccine, meningococcal conjugate vaccine, and hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccines. Human papilloma virus vaccine can be given in PLWH up until the age of 26. Live vaccines, including the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and varicella vaccine, can be given in those individuals who have CD4 cell counts of greater than 200 cells/mm3 and did not receive these vaccines during childhood. Some expert panels endorse recombinant zoster vaccination in PLWH at least 50 years old, although there is no current official recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. The chapter covers routine vaccinations for PLWH.

scholarly journals Options for Treating Resistant Shigella Species Infections in Children

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Sharon M. Erdman ◽  
Elizabeth E. Buckner ◽  
Janet F. Hindler
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
First Line ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Shigella Species

Infection due to Shigella species remains an important public health problem, especially in developing countries where it remains the most common cause of bloody diarrhea. In the United States (US), 10,000 to 15,000 cases of shigellosis are reported each year in both children and adults. US surveillance data from 2004 has demonstrated increased resistance in Shigella species to first-line antibiotics such as ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, with approximately 37% of isolates demonstrating resistance to both ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Since approximately 69% of Shigella infections occur in children younger than 5 years of age, it is important that alternative antibiotics other than typical first-line agents such as ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole be available to treat Shigella infections in this population. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends cefixime, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, and fluoroquinolones as alternative antibiotics for the treatment of Shigella species infections in children. This paper will review the microbiology, susceptibility, efficacy and safety data of these alternative antibiotics with regard to the treatment of Shigella species infections in children, and will attempt to define the role of each of these agents in the pediatric population.

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