scholarly journals External stoma diversion: a palliative measure for peristomal wound healing in resource-limited settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel W Davis ◽  
Youmna A Sherif ◽  
Catherine Anne Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Care Access ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Intestinal Stoma ◽  
Stoma Care

Abstract The provision of intestinal stoma care is challenging in austere settings due to limitations in surgical and wound care access as well as the high cost and sparsity of ostomy supplies. As a result, many surgical patients suffer from ostomy-related complications such as peristomal wounds and are unable to find relief for these complications from standard treatments and measures. This article describes the external stoma diversion, a cost-effective palliative surgical procedure that assists in the healing of peristomal wounds in resource-limited settings.

scholarly journals Global & Community Health: Acute ischemic stroke in Toronto and Manila

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (13) ◽  
pp. 604-606
Author(s):  
Sanskriti Sasikumar ◽  
Jose Danilo Bengzon Diestro
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Based Medicine

The educational experience of a neurology trainee can have profound regional variations. We recount the management of a stroke code in Toronto, Canada, and Manila, Philippines, as a means to highlight the need for collaborative learning, both in terms of practicing evidence-based medicine and managing neurologic conditions in resource-limited settings. Concerted peer-led initiatives such as videoconference rounds are an easy and cost-effective means of unifying this experience.

scholarly journals Quantification of Soluble or Insoluble Fractions of Leishmania Parasite Proteins in Microvolume Applications: A Simplification to Standard Lowry Assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagya Deepachandi ◽  
Sudath Weerasinghe ◽  
Thisira Priyantha Andrahennadi ◽  
Nadira D. Karunaweera ◽  
Nadeeja Wickramarachchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Protein Quantification ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Protein Assay ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Lowry Assay

Protein quantification is often an essential step in any research field that involves proteins. Although the standard Lowry assay and its modifications are most abundantly used in protein quantification, the existing methods are rigid or often demonstrate nonlinearity between protein concentration and color intensity. A method for fast and accurate qualitative and/or quantitative determination of total soluble/insoluble proteins or micro-well plate immobilized proteins isolated from Leishmania parasites in microvolumes was described in the current study. Improvements in cost-effective techniques are necessary to increase the research outputs in resource-limited settings. This method is a modification to the established Lowry assay for protein quantification. Concentrations of unknown samples were calculated using a standard curve prepared using a standard series of bovine serum albumin (BSA). The optimized reagents were 2 N NaOH (sodium hydroxide), 2% Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate), 1% CuSO4 (copper sulfate), 2% KNaC4H4O6 (potassium sodium tartrate), and 2 N Folin and Ciocalteu’s phenol. This modified protein assay was sensitive for quantifying Leishmania proteins in a total crude extract or in a soluble fraction within the approximate range of 10–500 μg/ml (1–50 μg/assay) and showed a linearity between color intensity and concentration of the protein. This is an easier, fast, and accurate method for quantifying proteins with microvolumes in a cost-effective manner for routine use in research laboratories in resource-limited settings.

scholarly journals Early infant HIV-1 diagnosis programs in resource-limited settings: opportunities for improved outcomes and more cost-effective interventions

BMC Medicine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L Ciaranello ◽  
Ji-Eun Park ◽  
Lynn Ramirez-Avila ◽  
Kenneth A Freedberg ◽  
Rochelle P Walensky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Hiv 1

Cost-effective HIV-1 virological monitoring in resource-limited settings using a modified commercially available qPCR RNA assay

2017 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayaseelan Boobalan ◽  
Andrea Torti ◽  
Thongadi Ramesh Dinesha ◽  
Sunil Suhas Solomon ◽  
Pachamuthu Balakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Virological Monitoring ◽  
Hiv 1

Utility of the Heteroduplex Assay (HDA) as a Simple and Cost-Effective Tool for the Identification of HIV Type 1 Dual Infections in Resource-Limited Settings

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. R. Powell ◽  
Mateusz M. Urbanski ◽  
Sherri Burda ◽  
Aubin Nanfack ◽  
Thompson Kinge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Dual Infections

scholarly journals Potential of Cyanobacteria in Wound Healing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxmi Parwani ◽  
Mansi Shrivastava ◽  
Jaspreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Healing Agent ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Immense Potential ◽  
Insight Into

The wound care market is rapidly expanding due to the development of innumerable dressings that exhibit specific healing requirements for different wound types. The use of biomaterials as suitable wound dressing material is highly advantageous due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity. Cyanobacteria have been widely explored for their potential applications in wound healing, as they are the rich source of bioactive compounds with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, antioxidant, and antifungal activities. In recent years this group of organisms has been widely studied due to their immense potential in biomedical applications. Although their different bioactivities can support wound healing in different ways, very few forms have proven utility as a wound-healing agent. This chapter gives an insight into the potential of cyanobacteria in wound healing. Different bioactive compounds present in variable forms of cyanobacteria and their associated activities were reported to support tissue regeneration and wound healing acceleration. As the demand for cost-effective, bioactive wound care products is ever increasing, these organisms have immense potential to be utilized for the development of bioactive wound dressings. Hence, various bioactive compounds of cyanobacteria, their associated activities, and roles in wound healing have been briefly reviewed in this chapter.

scholarly journals Study of hydrocellular functional material as microbicidal wound dressing for diabetic wound healing

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 228080002110549
Author(s):  
Michael Rodrigues ◽  
Thilagavati Govindharajan
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Wound ◽  
Functional Material ◽  
Diabetic Wound Healing

A hydrocellular functional material as a wound dressing is developed and it is found to be superior in its efficacy as compared to some of the comparator controls in diabetic wound healing studies. A study on wound contraction and Histopathological analysis is done in rats. The efficacy of the dressing is comparable to the established wound dressings like Carboxymethyl cellulose alginate dressings and autolytic enzyme based hydrogel. It is found to be superior to Polyhexamethylene biguanide dressing used as reference controls in this study. The reason for good wound healing performance of the dressing can be attributed to a combined property of effective exudates management and broad spectrum antimicrobial effect. The concept of functional hydro cellular material has shown good results due to the excellent balance of exudates pickup and drying it out. This ensures moist wound healing conditions on the wound. Because of its porous nature it allows good air flow and gaseous exchange in the structure. The cationic sites created on the surface of the dressing ensure a good antimicrobial action on the exudates in the dressing. It reduces the infection load on the wound. The nonleaching property of the dressing also helps in preventing the generation of more resistant and mutant strains of the microbes. The developed dressing can be used as a relatively durable long lasting dressing for wound management in diabetic wounds. The need of repetitive wound dressing changes can be brought down with this concept of dressing. It is not only cost effective in terms of its material cost but also is a cost effective solution when entire wound management cost is considered. Such novel wound dressing material can change the quality of life of diabetic wound patients especially in developing world, where access to functional advanced wound care dressings is limited.

scholarly journals Can Thin Layer Agar Test Play a Key Role in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Low-Resource Settings?

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulaiman A Al Yousef ◽  
Khalid AbdelRahim ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Tuberculosis Diagnosis ◽  
Agar Method

Background: Fast, reliable, and cost-effective tests are recommended for tuberculosis diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing, especially in resource-limited settings. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of thin-layer agar for tuberculosis diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing. Methods: Samples were collected from patients with presumptive tuberculosis and tested using thin-layer agar for tuberculosis and drug susceptibility testing in parallel with Lowenstein Jensen culture method for tuberculosis diagnosis and proportion method for drug susceptibility testing as the gold standard. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to calculate the performance parameters. Results: Thin-layer agar method showed sensitivity and specificity values of 96.63% and 62.50%, respectively, for the isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis directly from specimens. Drug susceptibility results using thin-layer agar showed sensitivity values for isoniazid, rifampicin), ethambutol and streptomycin were 94.74%, 86.84%, 94.74% and 81.58%, respectively, while the specificity values were 100%, 100%, 86.27% and 100% for isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and streptomycin, respectively. Results were available in a median time of 16 days for thin-layer agar and 25 days for the conventional method. Conclusions: The thin-layer agar method is a relatively rapid, simple, and cost-effective method for the diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis. It may be a useful tool for establishing tuberculosis laboratories in resource-limited settings because it does not require expensive equipment and a high level of training. Our study may help in choosing the appropriate treatment and control of tuberculosis.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Infection Diagnosis: Potential Impact of Isothermal Amplification Technology to Reduce Community Transmission of SARS-CoV-2

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameh James ◽  
John Alawneh
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Laboratory Staff ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Nicking Enzyme

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is largely driven by community transmission, after 2019 novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2) crosses the borders. To stop the spread, rapid testing is required at community clinics and hospitals. These rapid tests should be comparable with the standard PCR technology. Isothermal amplification technology provides an excellent alternative that is highly amenable to resource limited settings, where expertise and infrastructure to support PCR are not available. In this review, we provide a brief description of isothermal amplification technology, its potential and the gaps that need to be considered for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Among this emerging technology, loop-mediated amplification (LAMP), recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and Nicking enzyme-assisted reaction (NEAR) technologies have been identified as potential platforms that could be implemented at community level, without samples referral to a centralized laboratory and prolonged turnaround time associated with the standard COVID-19 RT-PCR test. LAMP, for example, has recently been shown to be comparable with PCR and could be performed in less than 30 min by non-laboratory staff, without RNA extractions commonly associated with PCR. Interestingly, NEAR (ID NOW™ COVID-19 (Abbott, IL, USA) was able to detect the virus in 5 min. More so, isothermal platforms are cost effective and could easily be scaled up to resource limited settings. Diagnostics developers, scientific community and commercial companies could consider this alternative method to help stop the spread of COVID-19.

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