Leaf elongation response to blue light is mediated by stomatal-induced variations in plant transpiration in Festuca arundinacea

Abstract Reduced blue light irradiance is known to enhance leaf elongation rate (LER) in grasses but the mechanisms involved have not yet been elucidated. We investigated if leaf elongation response to reduced blue light could be mediated by stomatal induced variations of plant transpiration. Two experiments were carried out on tall fescue in order to monitor LER and transpiration under reduced blue light irradiance. Additionally, LER dynamics were compared to those observed in the response to VPD-induced variations of transpiration. Finally, we developed a model of water flow within a tiller to simulate the observed short-time response of LER to various transpiration regimes. LER dramatically increased in response to blue light reduction and then reached new steady states, which remained higher than the control. Reduced blue light triggered a simultaneous stomatal closure which induced an immediate decrease of leaf transpiration. The hydraulic model of leaf elongation accurately predicted the LER response to blue light and VPD, resulting from an increase in the growth-induced water potential gradient in the leaf growth zone. Our results suggest that the blue light signal is sensed by stomata of expanded leaves and transduced to the leaf growth zone through the hydraulic architecture of the tiller.

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Strigolactones Promote Leaf Elongation in Tall Fescue through Upregulation of Cell Cycle Genes and Downregulation of Auxin Transport Genes in Tall Fescue under Different Temperature Regimes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20081836 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (8) ◽

pp. 1836

Author(s):

Hu ◽

Zhang ◽

Huang

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Tall Fescue ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Auxin Transport ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽

Synthetic Analog ◽

Plant Tolerance ◽

Leaf Elongation ◽

Temperature Regimes

Strigolactones (SLs) have recently been shown to play roles in modulating plant architecture and improving plant tolerance to multiple stresses, but the underlying mechanisms for SLs regulating leaf elongation and the influence by air temperature are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of SLs on leaf elongation in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea, cv. ‘Kentucky-31′) under different temperature regimes, and to determine the interactions of SLs and auxin in the regulation of leaf growth. Tall fescue plants were treated with GR24 (synthetic analog of SLs), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, synthetic analog), or N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA, auxin transport inhibitor) (individually and combined) under normal temperature (22/18 °C) and high-temperature conditions (35/30 °C) in controlled-environment growth chambers. Exogenous application of GR24 stimulated leaf elongation and mitigated the heat inhibition of leaf growth in tall fescue. GR24-induced leaf elongation was associated with an increase in cell numbers, upregulated expression of cell-cycle-related genes, and downregulated expression of auxin transport-related genes in elongating leaves. The results suggest that SLs enhance leaf elongation by stimulating cell division and interference with auxin transport in tall fescue.

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Responses of Rice Growth to Day and Night Temperature and Relative Air Humidity—Leaf Elongation and Assimilation

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10010134 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 134

Author(s):

Sabine Stuerz ◽

Folkard Asch

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Crop Growth ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Leaf Elongation ◽

Night Temperature ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

Leaf Area Expansion ◽

Plant Level ◽

Area Expansion

Predictions of future crop growth and yield under a changing climate require a precise knowledge of plant responses to their environment. Since leaf growth increases the photosynthesizing area of the plant, it occupies a central position during the vegetative phase. Rice is cultivated in diverse ecological zones largely differing in temperature and relative air humidity (RH). To investigate the effects of temperature and RH during day and night on leaf growth, one variety (IR64) was grown in a growth chamber using 9 day/night regimes around the same mean temperature and RH, which were combinations of 3 temperature treatments (30/20 °C, 25/25 °C, 20/30 °C day/night temperature) and 3 RH treatments (40/90%, 65/65%, 90/40% day/night RH). Day/night leaf elongation rates (LER) were measured and compared to leaf gas exchange measurements and leaf area expansion on the plant level. While daytime LER was mainly temperature-dependent, nighttime LER was equally affected by temperature and RH and closely correlated with leaf area expansion at the plant level. We hypothesize that the same parameters increasing LER during the night also enhance leaf area expansion via shifts in partitioning to larger and thinner leaves. Further, base temperatures estimated from LERs varied with RH, emphasizing the need to take RH into consideration when modeling crop growth in response to temperature.

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Measurements of transmission spectrums and estimation of retinal blue-light irradiance values of currently available clear and yellow-tinted intraocular lenses

Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1007/s10384-011-0100-9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 82-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Masaki Tanito ◽

Tsutomu Okuno ◽

Yoshihisa Ishiba ◽

Akihiro Ohira

Keyword(s):

Blue Light ◽

Intraocular Lenses ◽

Light Irradiance

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Comparative phosphoproteome analysis to identify candidate phosphoproteins involved in blue light-induced brown film formation in Lentinula edodes

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.9859 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e9859

Author(s):

Tingting Song ◽

Yingyue Shen ◽

Qunli Jin ◽

Weilin Feng ◽

Lijun Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blue Light ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Lentinula Edodes ◽

Film Formation ◽

Quantitative Information ◽

Light Signal ◽

Post Translational Modification ◽

Bioinformatics Analyses ◽

Phosphorylated Proteins ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Light plays an important role in the growth and differentiation of Lentinula edodes mycelia, and mycelial morphology is influenced by light wavelengths. The blue light-induced formation of brown film on the vegetative mycelial tissues of L. edodes is an important process. However, the mechanisms of L. edodes’ brown film formation, as induced by blue light, are still unclear. Using a high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry integrated with a highly sensitive immune-affinity antibody method, phosphoproteomes of L. edodes mycelia under red- and blue-light conditions were analyzed. A total of 11,224 phosphorylation sites were identified on 2,786 proteins, of which 9,243 sites on 2,579 proteins contained quantitative information. In total, 475 sites were up-regulated and 349 sites were down-regulated in the blue vs red group. To characterize the differentially phosphorylated proteins, systematic bioinformatics analyses, including gene ontology annotations, domain annotations, subcellular localizations, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotations, were performed. These differentially phosphorylated proteins were correlated with light signal transduction, cell wall degradation, and melanogenesis, suggesting that these processes are involved in the formation of the brown film. Our study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the blue light-induced brown film formation at the post-translational modification level.

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LIGHT-STIMULATED LEAF GROWTH ON INTACT AND EXCISED BEAN PLANTS (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.). II. EFFECT OF LIGHT DURATION AND TIMING OF APPLICATION

Israel Journal of Plant Sciences ◽

10.1080/07929978.1999.10676766 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 147-152

Author(s):

Shimon Lavee ◽

Elizabeth Van Volkenburgh ◽

Robert E. Cleland

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

White Light ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Relative Rate ◽

Red Light ◽

Leaf Expansion ◽

Leaf Elongation ◽

Leaf Unfolding ◽

Light Duration ◽

Partial Unfolding

The dependence of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Contender) leaf unfolding and expansion on light has been explored in intact and excised plants by varying the duration and timing of exposure to white light. Plants were grown for 10 days in dim red light (RL), and then some were excised. Both the intact and the excised plants were then exposed to varying white light (WL) treatments. In continuous WL, leaf unfolding began after 8 h, and was maximal after 36 h. For plants exposed to short WL treatments, as little as 2 h WL elicited partial unfolding when leaves were returned to RL and measured after 60 h. The relative rate of leaf elongation was most rapid during the first 2 h of WL and it rapidly decreased during the following 6–8 h. An 8 h exposure to WL followed by 52 h RL produced only a slightly lower leaf expansion than continuous WL for 32 h. Leaf elongation after 24 h constant WL irradiance was no longer light-dependent. The response of leaves on excised plants to WL was progressively less if treatment was delayed for 24 h after excision. In contrast, leaves on intact plants did not lose their ability to respond to light even after 48 h in the dark. The ability of leaves on intact or excised plants to elongate in RL decayed rapidly after day 10. These results indicate that light-stimulated leaf expansion in beans is mediated by some factors whose transport to the leaves is influenced by the presence of roots.

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Comparative phosphoproteome analysis to identify candidate phosphoproteins involved in blue light-induced brown film formation in Lentinula edodes

10.21203/rs.2.22107/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tingting Song ◽

Yingyue Shen ◽

Qunli Jin ◽

Weilin Feng ◽

Lijun Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blue Light ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Lentinula Edodes ◽

Film Formation ◽

Quantitative Information ◽

Light Signal ◽

Post Translational Modification ◽

Bioinformatics Analyses ◽

Phosphorylated Proteins ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Abstract BackgroundLight plays an important role in the growth and differentiation of Lentinula edodes mycelia, and mycelial morphology is influenced by light wavelengths. The blue light-induced formation of brown film on the vegetative mycelial tissues of L. edodes is an important process. However, the mechanisms of L. edodes’ brown film formation, as induced by blue light, are still unclear. Using a high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry integrated with a highly sensitive immune-affinity antibody method, phosphoproteomes of L. edodes mycelia under red- and blue-light conditions were analyzed. ResultsA total of 11,224 phosphorylation sites were identified on 2,786 proteins, of which 9,243 sites on 2,579 proteins contained quantitative information. In total, 475 sites were up-regulated and 349 sites were down-regulated in the blue vs red group. To characterize the differentially phosphorylated proteins, systematic bioinformatics analyses, including gene ontology annotations, domain annotations, subcellular localizations, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotations, were performed. These differentially phosphorylated proteins were correlated with light signal transduction, cell wall degradation, and melanogenesis, suggesting that these processes are involved in the formation of the brown film. ConclusionsOur study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the blue light-induced brown film formation at the post-translational modification level.

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