Sucrose prevents up-regulation of senescence-associated genes in carnation petals

AbstractNACs are plant-specific transcription factors involved in controlling plant development, stress responses, and senescence. As senescence-associated genes (SAGs), NACs integrate age- and stress-dependent pathways that converge to programmed cell death (PCD). In Arabidopsis, NAC-SAGs belong to well-characterized regulatory networks, poorly understood in soybean. Here, we interrogated the soybean genome and provided a comprehensive analysis of senescence-associated Glycine max (Gm) NACs. To functionally examine GmNAC-SAGs, we selected GmNAC065, a putative ortholog of Arabidopsis ANAC083/VNI2 SAG, and the cell death-promoting GmNAC085, an ANAC072 SAG putative ortholog, for analyses. Expression analysis of GmNAC065 and GmNAC085 in soybean demonstrated (i) these cell death-promoting GmNACs display contrasting expression changes during age- and stress-induced senescence; (ii) they are co-expressed with functionally different gene sets involved in stress and PCD, and (iii) are differentially induced by PCD inducers. Furthermore, we demonstrated GmNAC065 expression delays senescence in Arabidopsis, a phenotype associated with enhanced oxidative performance under multiple stresses, higher chlorophyll, carotenoid and sugar contents, and lower stress-induced PCD compared to wild-type. In contrast, GmNAC085 accelerated stress-induced senescence, causing enhanced chlorophyll loss, ROS accumulation and cell death, decreased antioxidative system expression and activity. Accordingly, GmNAC065 and GmNAC085 targeted functionally contrasting sets of downstream AtSAGs, further indicating that GmNAC85 and GmNAC065 regulators function inversely in developmental and environmental PCD.

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Unique miR775-GALT9 module regulates leaf senescence in Arabidopsis during post-submergence recovery by modulating Ethylene and Abscisic acid pathway

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.199974 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Vishnu Mishra ◽

Archita Singh ◽

Nidhi Gandhi ◽

Shabari Sarkar Das ◽

Sandeep Yadav ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enhanced Recovery ◽

Hypoxic Condition ◽

Protein Glycosylation ◽

Altered Expression ◽

Submergence Stress ◽

Acid Pathway ◽

Ethylene Signalling ◽

Aba Biosynthesis ◽

Senescence Associated Genes

Submergence-induced hypoxic condition negatively affects the plant growth and development, and causes early onset of senescence. Hypoxia alters the expression of a number of microRNAs (miRNAs). However, the molecular function of submergence stress-induced miRNAs in physiological or developmental changes and recovery remains poorly understood. Here we show that miR775 is an Arabidopsis thaliana-specific young and unique miRNA that possibly evolved non-canonically. miR775 post-transcriptionally regulates Galactosyltransferase (GALT9) and their expression is inversely affected at 24 hours of complete submergence stress. The overexpression of miR775 (miR775-Oe) confers enhanced recovery from submergence stress and reduced accumulation of RBOHD and ROS, in contrast to wild type and MIM775 Arabidopsis shoot. A similar recovery phenotype of galt9 mutant indicates the role of miR775-GALT9 module in post-submergence recovery. We predicted Golgi-localized GALT9 to be potentially involved in protein glycosylation. The altered expression of senescence-associated genes (SAG12, SAG29, and ORE1), ethylene signalling (EIN2 and EIN3) and ABA biosynthesis (NCED3) pathway genes in miR775-Oe, galt9 and MIM775 plants. Thus, our results indicate the role of miR775-GALT9 module in post-submergence recovery through a crosstalk with ethylene and ABA pathway.

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Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals the Expression of Aging- and Senescence-Associated Genes in Distinct Cancer Cell Populations

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10113126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 3126

Author(s):

Dominik Saul ◽

Robyn Laura Kosinsky

Keyword(s):

Single Cell ◽

Myelogenous Leukemia ◽

Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Transcriptional Changes ◽

The Relationship ◽

Senescence Associated Genes

The human aging process is associated with molecular changes and cellular degeneration, resulting in a significant increase in cancer incidence with age. Despite their potential correlation, the relationship between cancer- and ageing-related transcriptional changes is largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to analyze aging-associated transcriptional patterns in publicly available bulk mRNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) datasets for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), colorectal cancer (CRC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), lung cancer (LC), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Indeed, we detected that various aging/senescence-induced genes (ASIGs) were upregulated in malignant diseases compared to healthy control samples. To elucidate the importance of ASIGs during cell development, pseudotime analyses were performed, which revealed a late enrichment of distinct cancer-specific ASIG signatures. Notably, we were able to demonstrate that all cancer entities analyzed in this study comprised cell populations expressing ASIGs. While only minor correlations were detected between ASIGs and transcriptome-wide changes in PDAC, a high proportion of ASIGs was induced in CML, CRC, HCC, and LC samples. These unique cellular subpopulations could serve as a basis for future studies on the role of aging and senescence in human malignancies.

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Construction of the Leaf Senescence Database and Functional Assessment of Senescence-Associated Genes

Methods in Molecular Biology - Plant Genomics Databases ◽

10.1007/978-1-4939-6658-5_19 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 315-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Zhonghai Li ◽

Yi Zhao ◽

Xiaochuan Liu ◽

Zhiqiang Jiang ◽

Jinying Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Senescence ◽

Functional Assessment ◽

Senescence Associated Genes

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Occurrence of Membrane-Bound Enzyme Catalyzing the Formation of Ethylene from 1-Aminocyclopropane Carboxylic Acid from Carnation Petals

Ethylene ◽

10.1007/978-94-009-6178-4_4 ◽

1984 ◽

pp. 33-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shimon Mayak ◽

Zach Adam ◽

Amihud Borochov

Keyword(s):

Carboxylic Acid ◽

Membrane Bound ◽

Carnation Petals

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Behavioral Changes in Stem-Cell Potency by HepG2-Exhausted Medium

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells9081890 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1890

Author(s):

Francesca Balzano ◽

Giuseppe Garroni ◽

Sara Cruciani ◽

Emanuela Bellu ◽

Silvia Dei Giudici ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Behavioral Changes ◽

Cell Cycle Regulators ◽

Stem Cell Proliferation ◽

Cell Lineages ◽

Hepatocarcinoma Cell ◽

Human Hepatocarcinoma Cell Line ◽

Hepg2 Cell Lines ◽

Hepatocarcinoma Cell Line ◽

Senescence Associated Genes

Wharton jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) are able to differentiate into different cell lineages upon stimulation. This ability is closely related to the perfect balance between the pluripotency-related genes, which control stem-cell proliferation, and genes able to orchestrate the appearance of a specific phenotype. Here we studied the expression of stemness-related genes, epigenetic regulators (DNMT1, SIRT1), miRNAs (miR-145, miR-148, and miR-185) related to stemness, exosomes, the cell-cycle regulators p21 (WAF1/CIP1) and p53, and the senescence-associated genes (p16, p19, and hTERT). Cells were cultured in the presence or absence of the human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2-exhausted medium, to evaluate changes in stemness, differentiation capability, and senescence sensibility. Our results showed the overexpression of SIRT1 and reduced levels of p21 mRNA. Moreover, we observed a downregulation of DNMT1, and a simultaneous overexpression of Oct-4 and c-Myc. These findings suggest that WJ-MSCs are more likely to retain a stem phenotype and sometimes to switch to a highly undifferentiable proliferative-like behavior if treated with medium exhausted by human HepG2 cell lines.

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INTERACTION OF PETAL PORTIONS, HORMONES AND PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS IN THE RESPONSES OF CARNATION PETALS TO WATER STRESS

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.1989.261.11 ◽

1989 ◽

pp. 91-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Drory ◽

S. Mayak ◽

A. Borochov

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Protein Biosynthesis ◽

Carnation Petals

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Abiotic Stresses Intervene with ABA Signaling to Induce Destructive Metabolic Pathways Leading to Death: Premature Leaf Senescence in Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20020256 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 256 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Muhammad Asad ◽

Shamsu Zakari ◽

Qian Zhao ◽

Lujian Zhou ◽

Yu Ye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Leaf Senescence ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Signal Molecules ◽

Aba Signaling ◽

Endogenous Factors ◽

Premature Leaf Senescence ◽

Signaling Receptors ◽

Future Outcomes ◽

Senescence Associated Genes

Abiotic stresses trigger premature leaf senescence by affecting some endogenous factors, which is an important limitation for plant growth and grain yield. Among these endogenous factors that regulate leaf senescence, abscisic acid (ABA) works as a link between the oxidase damage of cellular structure and signal molecules responding to abiotic stress during leaf senescence. Considering the importance of ABA, we collect the latest findings related to ABA biosynthesis, ABA signaling, and its inhibitory effect on chloroplast structure destruction, chlorophyll (Chl) degradation, and photosynthesis reduction. Post-translational changes in leaf senescence end with the exhaustion of nutrients, yellowing of leaves, and death of senescent tissues. In this article, we review the literature on the ABA-inducing leaf senescence mechanism in rice and Arabidopsis starting from ABA synthesis, transport, signaling receptors, and catabolism. We also predict the future outcomes of investigations related to other plants. Before changes in translation occur, ABA signaling that mediates the expression of NYC, bZIP, and WRKY transcription factors (TFs) has been investigated to explain the inducing effect on senescence-associated genes. Various factors related to calcium signaling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and protein degradation are elaborated, and research gaps and potential prospects are presented. Examples of gene mutation conferring the delay or induction of leaf senescence are also described, and they may be helpful in understanding the inhibitory effect of abiotic stresses and effective measures to tolerate, minimize, or resist their inducing effect on leaf senescence.

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