6 The Legal Nature of the International Bond Market

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bamford Colin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
World War ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

The chapter explains the history of the international bond market, from its origins in the nineteenth century issues of loan stock, through the development of the Eurodollar market after World War II and the adoption of bonds as a way for corporate borrowers to access that market. It then discusses the evolution of the documentation used, paying particular attention to the concept of negotiability, which facilitated the ready transfer of bonds. It goes on to consider the idea of immobilization and the growth of securities clearing organisations. In this context, it considers recent developments in Europe, brought about by the requirements of the ECB. The chapter then turns to an analysis of the legal relationships created by the structure of bonds and the way they are traded, and ends with a discussion of the move to the dematerialization of the market.

Dilemmas for Anti-Western Patriotism: Slavophilism and Négritude

1974 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet G. Vaillant
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Third World ◽  
Underdeveloped Country ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
World War ◽  
The Third ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Third World

The idea that Russia was the first underdeveloped country has begun to gain currency among political scientists. It implies that social processes in Russia may be profitably compared with more recent developments in the Third World. In this article I would like to test this hypothesis with respect to an important ideological controversy which took place in Russia during the nineteenth century by examining it alongside discussions among French-speaking West Africans in the period after World War II. More particularly, I would like to compare what might be called the neo-traditional themes and anti-western patriotism of the Slavophiles with the intellectual position taken by the early spokesmen of négritude.

Dear John

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Carruthers
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Romantic Love ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Letter Writing ◽  
World War ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

Are 'Dear John' letters lethal weapons in the hands of men at war? Many US officers, servicemen, veterans, and civilians would say yes. Drawing on personal letters, oral histories, and psychiatric reports, as well as popular music and movies, Susan L. Carruthers shows how the armed forces and civilian society have attempted to weaponize romantic love in pursuit of martial ends, from World War II to today. Yet efforts to discipline feeling have frequently failed. And women have often borne the blame. This sweeping history of emotional life in wartime explores the interplay between letter-writing and storytelling, breakups and breakdowns, and between imploded intimacy and boosted camaraderie. Incorporating vivid personal experiences in lively and engaging prose – variously tragic, comic, and everything in between – this compelling study will change the way we think about wartime relationships.

Psychoanalysts on the Podium: Sándor Ferenczi and Sándor Feldmann in the Hungarian Daily Press

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-226
Author(s):  
Melinda Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Early History ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of Psychoanalysis ◽  
Sándor Ferenczi ◽  
Daily Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
Weekly Press ◽  
The Way

This article uses the example of Hungary to present some ways in which the study of old newspapers can contribute to the early history of psychoanalysis and even change the way we think about it. It explores the presence of various psychoanalysts in selected organs of the Hungarian daily and weekly press before World War II. A search was conducted on ten daily papers and two weekly papers ( Az Est, Budapesti Hírlap, Esti Kurir, Magyar Hírlap, Magyarország, Népszava, Pesti Hírlap, Pesti Napló, Ujság, Világ, Színházi Élet, Tolnai Világlapja) for articles by and interviews with psychoanalysts, with a focus on the main representatives of the two major psychoanalytical societies in Hungary – Sándor Ferenczi for the Hungarian Psychoanalytical Society and Sandor Feldmann for the Hungarian section of the Association of Independent Medical Analysts. One of the goals of this paper is to draw attention to the role that the rival psychoanalytical schools and their societies played in the history of psychoanalysis, without which it would not be as we know it today.

scholarly journals PANTERA NO PORÃO: TOTALITARISMO, PERSEGUIÇÃO, MAL-ESTAR E EXPERIÊNCIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
GISÉLLE RAZERA
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
The Way

Resumo: Este trabalho deriva da análise do livro Pantera no Porão, de Amós Oz, sob o prisma do ensaio “Mal-estar na Civilização”, de Sigmund Freud, e do livro As origens do to-talitarismo, de Hanna Arendt. Além disso, tem na obra Holocausto, história dos judeus na Europa na Segunda Guerra Mundial, de Martin Gilbert, o texto que embasa a contextuali-zação do chão histórico sobre as condições de vida do povo judeu no Velho Continente e no artigo “O Estado de Israel: fundamentos históricos” a fundamentação que visa descrever o processo de formação do Estado de Israel. A abordagem apresentada neste artigo busca dar evidência ao modo como a perseguição aos judeus – descrita por Arendt e Gilbert, além dos pressupostos de Freud – está representada nas páginas de Pantera no porão, narrativa que tem como pano de fundo a fixação da comunidade judaica em terras árabes. Palavras-chave: Amós Oz – Pantera no Porão – Holocausto – Totalitarismo – Israel. Abstract: Panther in the Basement: totalitarianism, persecution, malaise and experience This work is derived from the analysis of Amos Oz's Panther in the Basement, under the prism of Sigmund Freud's essay "Malaise in Civilization" and Hanna Arendt's The Origins of Totalitarianism. In addition to the history of the Jews in Europe in World War II, by Martin Gilbert, the text of the Holocaust, the history of the Jewish people in the Old Conti-nent and the article "The State of Israel: Historical grounds" the grounds for describing the process of formation of the State of Israel. The approach presented in this ar-ticle seeks to give evidence to the way in which the persecution of the Jews – described by Arendt and Gilbert, in addition to the assumptions of Freud – is represented in the pages of Pantera in the basement, narrative that has as background the fixation of the Jewish com-munity in Arab lands. Keywords: Amos Oz - Panther in the Basement - Holocaust - Totalitarianism – Israel.

Becoming Market and People Cities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Oluf Emerson ◽  
Kevin T. Smiley
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
World War ◽  
Population Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

This chapter details the history of Copenhagen and Houston. In Copenhagen, we showcase the medieval roots of the city and how it was compacted into a relatively small area until the mid-nineteenth century. Since that time, many economic, governmental, and population changes have occurred. In Houston, we study how the younger city took off with the rise of the oil and gas industries, particularly after World War II. We discuss rising ethnic diversity in the context of the city’s tradition of guidance by economic and civic elites. We conclude by focusing on two points of crisis in the cities – in the mid-nineteenth century and in the 1980s and early 1990s – and how those shaped how they came to be Market Cities and People Cities.

From Morality to Madness: A Reappraisal of the Asylum Movement in Psychiatry 1800–1940

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Kosky
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Control ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of

This essay outlines the history of the asylum movement in psychiatry, but from a somewhat different angle than usual. It attempts to delineate the historical interactions between perceptions of morality and of madness. Changes in these interactions relate to the rise of the asylum movement, around 1800, and its demise, just after World War II. I argue that, whilst insanity was defined against the rational, secular morality of the eighteenth century, it could be separated from immorality and put aside into its asylum. Once mechanistic science and medical scientism began, during the nineteenth century, to include immorality in the systems of disease, the distinction could not hold. The asylums became flooded with the immoral, and management became custodial and nihilistic. This nexus was broken when the asylums were defined, by a few revolutionary superintendents, as instruments of social control. Nevertheless, intellectual paradigms derived from asylum psychiatry persist.

Asia’s Ambivalence about International Law

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-36
Author(s):  
Simon Chesterman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
International Law ◽  
Political Power ◽  
World War ◽  
Push Factors ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unequal Treaties

This chapter traces the broad history of Asia’s engagement with international law, focusing on three aspects that continue to have resonance today. First is the experience of colonialism by India and many other countries across the continent. Second, the unequal treaties of the nineteenth century and the failure to recognize the People’s Republic of China for much of the twentieth century encouraged a perception that international law was primarily an instrument of political power. Third, the trials that followed World War II left a legacy of suspicion that international law deals only selectively with alleged misconduct, leaving unresolved many of the larger political challenges of that conflict with ongoing ramifications today. The chapter then argues that Asian states’ ongoing ambivalence towards international law and institutions can also be attributed to the diversity of the region, power disparities among states, and the absence of ‘push’ factors driving greater integration.

Jewish Art Collectors in Poland and the Works of Maksymilian Gierymski before World War II

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Krypczyk-De Barra
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
World War ◽  
Art Collecting ◽  
Art Collectors ◽  
Jewish Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Art

From the end of the nineteenth century and up to the beginning of World War II, many of Maksymilian Gierymski’s (1846-1874) works were part of the collections of respected Jewish collectors, including Maksymilian Adam Oderfeld, Edward Rejcher, Stanisław Rotwand, Adolf Peretz, and Abe Gutnajer. They combined buying Polish art with providing financial support for many Polish cultural institutions. Thanks to these collectors the Polish public had better knowledge of Gierymski’s art. They bought his works at a time when the best examples of his oeuvre were abroad. 1939 was a tragic turning point for their activity. Collections were destroyed or stolen, including Gierymski’s work, and most of these items were not catalogued. Nevertheless, the collectors’ knowledge, passion, and expertise raised the bar for standards in Polish art collecting generally. The forgotten activity of Poland’s Jewish collectors is an essential part of the history of nineteenth-century Polish art.

“Beautiful Women Dig Graves”: Richard Baker-roshi, Imported Buddhism, and the Transmission of Ethics at the San Francisco Zen Center

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason C. Bivins
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Culture ◽  
World War ◽  
Double Movement ◽  
History Of

AbstractThere is little reckoning with the development of religions in the United States without confronting the related processes of importation and appropriation. This article explores these processes specifically as reflected in the story of the San Francisco Zen Center. Partaking of an interpretative ethos established by the nineteenth-century Transcendentalists and refined during the 1950s “Zen boom,” the architects of the SFZC's communalism shaped this complicated tradition specifically for disaffected young practitioners seeking an experiential path beyond their middleclass, Judeo-Christian backgrounds. It was during the 1983 scandals surrounding SFZC leader, Richard Baker-roshi, that many of the interpretive lacunae—specifically, a relative inattention to ethical languages—became readily apparent. This article accounts for these scandals historically (by situating them in the history of American appropriations of Buddhism and of the religious disaffection of the post-World War II period) and theoretically (by reading the SFZC's patterns of transmission and interpretation through the category “interpretative double movement). This double movement among practitioners captures the ways in which those in search of an alternative to their religious culture impose their own idiosyncratic values onto another religious tradition, all the while remaining paradoxically within the interpretive confines of the culture they hope to escape. Reading this complicated history—including both its “scandals” and their aftermaths—through such categories sheds light on the ways in which American religious exchanges are enacted and identities constructed.

scholarly journals Beyond Graphic Novels: Illustrated Scholarly Discourse and the History of Educational Comics

2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Graphic Novels ◽  
World War ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scholarly Discourse ◽  
The Way

Comics are increasingly being used in higher education for teaching and research, as demonstrated by the recent publication of comics in The Annals of Internal Medicine and other academic journals. This article examines how the ascendance of graphic novels to the realm of ‘proper’ literature has simultaneously paved the way for this acceptance of comics as scholarly discourse while obscuring the much longer tradition of pedagogical comics dating to before World War II. In the process, it will highlight some of the ways comics can be used in education, and suggest the benefits of using comics as multimodal scholarship.

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